LSU Biol 1201 LiCata Exam 2 Fall 2018
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5bziyn
1. Cell theory -All organisms are made of cells
-The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can be alive
-Cells are near the middle of the biological size range
2. scanning elec- Focus electrons onto the surface of a specimen, providing images that look 3-D
tron microscope
3. Transmission focus a beam of electrons through a specimen
Electron
Microscopes
4. cell fractionation Takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from one another centrifuges
fractionate cells into their component parts
5. Basic Features of -Plasma Membrane
all prokaryotes -Semifluid substance called cytosol
and Eukaryotes -Chromosomes (carry genes)
-Ribosomes (make proteins)
6. Prokaryotic cells -No nucleus
-DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid
-No membrane bound organelles
7. Eukaryotic cells -DNA in nucleus with a membrane
-Membrane-bound organelles
-Internal Membranes = the endomembrane system
-Generally much larger than prokaryotic cells
-Plant and Animal cells have most of the same organelles
8. Nucleus -Contains most of the cell's genes
-nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus
-Nuclear membrane is a lipid bilayer
-Nuclear pores regulate the entry and exit of molecules
, LSU Biol 1201 LiCata Exam 2 Fall 2018
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5bziyn
-the shape of the nucleus is maintained by the nuclear lamina, which is composed
of protein
9. Chromatin -DNA associated with proteins in the nucleus
-It condenses to chromosomes as a cell prepares to divide
-Each chromosome is a single DNA molecule associated with proteins
10. Nucleolus Located within the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis
11. Ribosomes -Particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein
-Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis
12. Endoplasmic -More than half of the total membrane in the cell
Reticulum -The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope
-Two distinct regions of ER consisting of smooth ER (w/o ribosomes) and rough
ER (w/ ribosomes)
13. Smooth ER -Synthesizes lipids
-Metabolizes carbohydrates
-Detoxifies drugs and poisons
-Stores Calcium ions
14. Rough ER -Has ribosomes, which secrete glycoproteins (proteins covalently bonded to car-
bohydrates)
-Distributes transport vesicles
-Is a membrane factory for the cell
15. Golgi apparatus -Flattened membrane sacs called cisternae
-Modifies products of the ER
-Manufactures certain macromolecules
-Sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles
16. Lysosomes -A membranous sac of enzymes that can digest macromolecules
-Lysomal enzymes work best in the acidic environment inside the lysosome
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5bziyn
1. Cell theory -All organisms are made of cells
-The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can be alive
-Cells are near the middle of the biological size range
2. scanning elec- Focus electrons onto the surface of a specimen, providing images that look 3-D
tron microscope
3. Transmission focus a beam of electrons through a specimen
Electron
Microscopes
4. cell fractionation Takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from one another centrifuges
fractionate cells into their component parts
5. Basic Features of -Plasma Membrane
all prokaryotes -Semifluid substance called cytosol
and Eukaryotes -Chromosomes (carry genes)
-Ribosomes (make proteins)
6. Prokaryotic cells -No nucleus
-DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid
-No membrane bound organelles
7. Eukaryotic cells -DNA in nucleus with a membrane
-Membrane-bound organelles
-Internal Membranes = the endomembrane system
-Generally much larger than prokaryotic cells
-Plant and Animal cells have most of the same organelles
8. Nucleus -Contains most of the cell's genes
-nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus
-Nuclear membrane is a lipid bilayer
-Nuclear pores regulate the entry and exit of molecules
, LSU Biol 1201 LiCata Exam 2 Fall 2018
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5bziyn
-the shape of the nucleus is maintained by the nuclear lamina, which is composed
of protein
9. Chromatin -DNA associated with proteins in the nucleus
-It condenses to chromosomes as a cell prepares to divide
-Each chromosome is a single DNA molecule associated with proteins
10. Nucleolus Located within the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis
11. Ribosomes -Particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein
-Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis
12. Endoplasmic -More than half of the total membrane in the cell
Reticulum -The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope
-Two distinct regions of ER consisting of smooth ER (w/o ribosomes) and rough
ER (w/ ribosomes)
13. Smooth ER -Synthesizes lipids
-Metabolizes carbohydrates
-Detoxifies drugs and poisons
-Stores Calcium ions
14. Rough ER -Has ribosomes, which secrete glycoproteins (proteins covalently bonded to car-
bohydrates)
-Distributes transport vesicles
-Is a membrane factory for the cell
15. Golgi apparatus -Flattened membrane sacs called cisternae
-Modifies products of the ER
-Manufactures certain macromolecules
-Sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles
16. Lysosomes -A membranous sac of enzymes that can digest macromolecules
-Lysomal enzymes work best in the acidic environment inside the lysosome
