EARTH SCIENCE 101 FINAL COMPLETE EXAM WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2025

EARTH SCIENCE 101 FINAL COMPLETE EXAM WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2025 TRUE OR FALSE Warm and dry air is regarded as unstable. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE The great wheat belts of the United States, Canada, and Russia all lie between 60° and 90° north latitude. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE Most beach sand is formed by weathering and erosion at the beach itself. - Correct Ans FALSE TRUE OR FALSE The base of the food chain at seafloor hydrothermal vents relies on chemical energy rather than energy from the Sun. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE Oceans are commonly warmer than adjacent land in the winter and cooler in the summer. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE The west coast of South America is a passive continental margin. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE Ozone is both a pollutant and a beneficial component of the atmosphere, depending on elevation. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE The ozone in the upper atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing much of the high-energy ultraviolet light before it reaches Earth's surface. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE There is no volcanic activity along subduction zones. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE Sea stacks form when large rocks are piled on top of one another by powerful waves during storms. - Correct Ans-FALSE Earth Science Earth Science TRUE OR FALSE Oxygen consists mainly of two isotopes, abundant ^18O and rare ^16O. - Correct Ans FALSE TRUE OR FALSE The Mid-Oceanic Ridge system is Earth's largest mountain chain - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE The Sun is the ultimate energy source for winds and evaporation. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE As you move downward from the surface of the ocean, the movement of water becomes less affected by wind and more affected by the Coriolis effect. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE Piston coring devices use the inertia of a falling, weighted core barrel to penetrate into seafloor sediment and retrieve a core sample. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE Sea levels has risen and fallen repeatedly in the geologic past, and coastlines have emerged and submerged throughout Earth's history. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE The direction of flow in the global wind systems are entirely controlled by the temperature difference between the equator and the poles. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE Coral reefs thrive over a wide temperature range. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE When the Gulf Stream reaches the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, it sinks to the ocean floor and deflects to become the North Atlantic Deep Water. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE Plant pollen can only be used for the past several hundred years to infer climate conditions. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE Oxygen comprises most of the air we breath. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE In the Southern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect deflects wind to the right and creates a clock- wise spiral. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE Earth Science Earth Science Air is a good conductor of heat because of gas molecules that freely move about. - Correct Ans-FALSE TRUE OR FALSE An ocean wave moves along the sea surface, but the water in the wave travels in circular paths. - Correct Ans-TRUE TRUE OR FALSE Acid precipitation forms when sulfur dioxide reacts with ozone in the stratosphere. - Correct Ans-FALSE The climate zone associated with more than 400 centimeters of rain is called ____. a. tropical rainforest b. tropical savanna c. desert d. Mediterranean - Correct Ans-a A mirror has an albedo of ____. a. 1 percent b. 10 percent c. almost 100 percent d. clear water - Correct Ans-c Snow has a very high latent heat in that it takes a lot of energy to melt the snow without ____. a. causing sublimation b. increasing the specific heat c. raising the temperature d. decreasing the temperature - Correct Ans-c Why doesn't Earth get hot enough to boil oceans and melt rocks from the radiant energy it absorbs from the Sun? a. The energy is transferred by atmospheric convection. b. Most of the energy is stored as latent and chemical heat. c. Ocean currents redistribute the heat to the poles. d. Rocks, soil, and water reemit most of the energy they absorb from the Sun. - Correct Ans-d Water vapor in supersaturated air does not freeze because the air is ____. a. particulate-rich b. too cold c. particulate-free d. supercooled - Correct Ans-c Why do continental interiors show greater seasonal extremes of temperature than coastal regions? Earth Science Earth Science a. Ocean currents can absorb extreme atmospheric temperatures. b. Wind convection is greater on land. c. Specific heat of land causes faster heating and cooling compared to ocean water. d. Latent heat of land causes faster heating and cooling compared to ocean water. - Correct Ans-c Cities are warmer because little surface water exists and, as a result, little ____ occurs. a. wind b. humidity c. precipitation d. evaporative cooling - Correct Ans-d An oceanic island ____. a. rises isostatically as it becomes older b. is a seamount that rises above sea level c. forms because continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust d. is composed entirely of terrigenous sediment - Correct Ans-b How can the oceans become more acidic? a. Carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater forms carbonic acid. b. Pollutants from industrial practices can enter waterways. c. Incompletely burned petroleum contributes acidic compounds to the oceans. d. Increased weathering of rocks from increased precipitation releases a larger load of ions into the oceans. - Correct Ans-a The three-cell model of global wind circulation shows ____. a. that global wind systems are generated solely by temperature differences between the equator and the poles b. that global air flow is bordered by alternating bands of high and low pressure c. that three low pressure regions constrain the global air flow d. global air flow and three high-pressure regions - Correct Ans-b When a bucket of water and a rock absorb equal amounts of energy, the ____. a. rock and the water heat to equal temperatures b. water becomes hotter than the rock c. rock becomes hotter than the water d. water absorbs a smaller quantity of solar radiation - Correct Ans-c A wavelength is the ____. a. highest part of a wave b. distance between successive crests c. fetch of a wave d. vertical distance between the crest and the trough of a wave - Correct Ans-b Which condition is likely to lead to rain? a. Warm air makes contact with cool surfaces. Earth Science Earth Science b. Cool, moist air falls. c. Warm, moist air rises. d. Moist air sinks as it passes over the leeward side of a mountain. - Correct Ans-c The most useful method for determining temperatures one billion years ago is through ____. a. oxygen isotope ratios in Greenland ice b. rocks and fossils c. historical records d. tree rings - Correct Ans-b The atmosphere becomes ____. a. less dense with increasing altitude b. more dense with increasing altitude c. evenly dense with increasing altitude d. less dense throughout the troposphere and then more dense in the stratosphere - Correct Ans-a Deep-sea currents are driven by ____. a. wind b. the Coriolis effect c. differences in water density d. the Gulf Stream - Correct Ans-c Which statement about atmospheric humidity is correct? a. Dew forms when warm, moist air comes in contact with cool surfaces. b. Rain or fog is likely to occur when cool, moist air is heated. c. Cold air can hold more moisture than warm air. d. Fog occurs when warm, moist air from the ocean blows over warmer land surfaces. - Correct Ans-a In the mid-1700s, Benjamin Franklin helped chart a surface current called the ____, which carried ships from North America to England more