1|P a g e
z z z z z
, Mrs. Smith, 75 years old, reports that she is weak, has difficulty urinating, and is dehydrated.
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Although she is afebrile, the nurse conducts a thorough physical examination, including urinalysis and
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complete blood count (CBC). The total assessment is necessary because:z z z z z z z z z z
1. All body systems interact, and symptoms could indicate a variety of diagnoses.
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2. The symptoms are vague and may be signs of aging.
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3. There may be other signs or symptoms more indicative of the condition.
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4. Mrs. Smith may not be reporting all significant information. - 1. Answer: 1 Page: 2
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z Feedback
1. The clinician must be aware that all the systems interact and, in doing so, can increase the older
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zperson's vulnerability to illness/disease.
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2. The nurse must not attribute symptoms only to the aging process.
z z z z z z z z z z
3. There may be comorbidities accompanying this condition.
z z z z z z
4. Assumptions of not reporting properly may not be true. z z z z z z z z
2.Apatient with renal disease has blood work drawn, and the results show an increase in serum creatinine. The
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
znurse practitioner needs to know which of the following laboratory values before ordering medications?
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1. CBC
2. Culture and sensitivity of the urine z z z z z
3. Creatinineclearance
4. Uric acid levels - 2. Answer: 3
z z z z z z
Page: 3 z
z Feedback
1. A CBC will not evaluate kidney function for a patient with renal disease.
z z z z z z z z z z z z
2. A culture and sensitivity test reflects the presence of an infection and the antibiotic to which the
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zorganism is sensitive. z z
3. The calculation of creatinine clearance provides an estimation of renal function.
z z z z z z z z z z
4. Uric acid level is elevated in the presence of gout.
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2|P a g e
z z z z z
,3. Which of the following statements is true regarding diagnostic testing?
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1. A test is ordered for a specific purpose.
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2. A test is the most invasive available.
z z z z z z
3. There is no need to discuss results with the patient.
z z z z z z z z z
4. If a test is needed, it should be ordered regardless of risk to the patient. - 3. Answer: 1 Page: 3
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. The nurse practitioner should have a plan for the use of each test result value obtained.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
2. When considering which laboratory tests to order, it is worth remembering the doctrine primum no
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znnocere—first, do no harm. z z z
3. Once laboratory tests are available for review, tests results should be discussed with the patient, with
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zabnormal test results interpreted for the aging individual and addressed with the patient and caregivers.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
4. Any risks involved in laboratory testing must be considered concerning the patient's clinical condition
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zand weighed against the test's expected benefits.
z z z z z z
4. Janey, 25 years old, may experience arthritis differently than 65-year-old Mrs. Johnson because:
z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. The body undergoes physiological changes with aging.
z z z z z z
2. A healthy body does not experience significant changes as one gets older.
z z z z z z z z z z z
3. Older patients do not feel any systemic symptoms, such as malaise and weight loss.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
4. Even though the same joints are usually affected, age makes it feel different. - 4. Answer: 1 Page: 5
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. Knowledge of the bimodality of age onset of certain disease conditions will aid the advanced practice
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
znurse in avoiding misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis due to lack of recognition.
z z z z z z z z z z z z
2. Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis may be different depending on the age of the patient.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
3. Younger patients may not experience constitutional symptoms such as fever, malaise, weight loss, and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zdepression.
4. In late-onset rheumatoid arthritis, the joint involvement is more often in the larger joints.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
5. The nurse practitioner is examining an 85-year-old man with reports of abdominal pain, weakness, and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zloss of appetite. Which is the most likely condition to be tested for and ruled out?
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. Neoplasms and carcinomas z z
2. Partial seizure z
3|P a g e
z z z z z
, 3. Sarcopenia
4. Hirschsprung's disease - 5. Answer: 1 z z z z z
Page: 4 z
z Feedback
1. Certain diseases, such as neoplasms and carcinomas, are more common in the elderly, and an
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zunderstanding of the epidemiology is critical in the interpretation.
z z z z z z z z
2. Partial seizure is more common in early old age.
z z z z z z z z
3. Sarcopenia is more common in early old age. z z z z z z z
4. Hirschsprung's disease is most common in infancy. z z z z z z
6. For individuals over 65 years old, the most common morbidities are related to:
z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. Heart disease, arthritis
z z
2. Respiratory problems, cancer z z
3. Diabetes, stroke z
4. All of these are common morbidities. - 6. Answer: 4 Page: 5
z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. Heart disease is one of the common morbidities.
z z z z z z z
2. Cancer is common in the general population; however, specific types are more common in the older
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zpatient.
3. Diabetes is common in patients over 40 years of age.
z z z z z z z z z
4. Heart disease, cancer, and diabetes combined are the most common morbidities in older patients.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
7. A gerontological patient is being examined for a report of pain in the shoulder. The nurse practitioner
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zcompletes a thorough systemic examination because:
z z z z z
1. Older patients with one morbidity often express difficulties in general.
z z z z z z z z z
2. Arthritis of the shoulder is accompanied by other neurological symptoms.
z z z z z z z z z
3. Older patients with arthritis often experience pain in lower extremities.
z z z z z z z z z
4. The patient may not report significant signs and symptoms. - 7. Answer: 1 Page: 5
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
4|P a g e
z z z z z
z z z z z
, Mrs. Smith, 75 years old, reports that she is weak, has difficulty urinating, and is dehydrated.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
Although she is afebrile, the nurse conducts a thorough physical examination, including urinalysis and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
complete blood count (CBC). The total assessment is necessary because:z z z z z z z z z z
1. All body systems interact, and symptoms could indicate a variety of diagnoses.
z z z z z z z z z z z
2. The symptoms are vague and may be signs of aging.
z z z z z z z z z
3. There may be other signs or symptoms more indicative of the condition.
z z z z z z z z z z z
4. Mrs. Smith may not be reporting all significant information. - 1. Answer: 1 Page: 2
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. The clinician must be aware that all the systems interact and, in doing so, can increase the older
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zperson's vulnerability to illness/disease.
z z z
2. The nurse must not attribute symptoms only to the aging process.
z z z z z z z z z z
3. There may be comorbidities accompanying this condition.
z z z z z z
4. Assumptions of not reporting properly may not be true. z z z z z z z z
2.Apatient with renal disease has blood work drawn, and the results show an increase in serum creatinine. The
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
znurse practitioner needs to know which of the following laboratory values before ordering medications?
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. CBC
2. Culture and sensitivity of the urine z z z z z
3. Creatinineclearance
4. Uric acid levels - 2. Answer: 3
z z z z z z
Page: 3 z
z Feedback
1. A CBC will not evaluate kidney function for a patient with renal disease.
z z z z z z z z z z z z
2. A culture and sensitivity test reflects the presence of an infection and the antibiotic to which the
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zorganism is sensitive. z z
3. The calculation of creatinine clearance provides an estimation of renal function.
z z z z z z z z z z
4. Uric acid level is elevated in the presence of gout.
z z z z z z z z z
2|P a g e
z z z z z
,3. Which of the following statements is true regarding diagnostic testing?
z z z z z z z z z z
1. A test is ordered for a specific purpose.
z z z z z z z
2. A test is the most invasive available.
z z z z z z
3. There is no need to discuss results with the patient.
z z z z z z z z z
4. If a test is needed, it should be ordered regardless of risk to the patient. - 3. Answer: 1 Page: 3
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. The nurse practitioner should have a plan for the use of each test result value obtained.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
2. When considering which laboratory tests to order, it is worth remembering the doctrine primum no
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
znnocere—first, do no harm. z z z
3. Once laboratory tests are available for review, tests results should be discussed with the patient, with
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zabnormal test results interpreted for the aging individual and addressed with the patient and caregivers.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
4. Any risks involved in laboratory testing must be considered concerning the patient's clinical condition
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zand weighed against the test's expected benefits.
z z z z z z
4. Janey, 25 years old, may experience arthritis differently than 65-year-old Mrs. Johnson because:
z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. The body undergoes physiological changes with aging.
z z z z z z
2. A healthy body does not experience significant changes as one gets older.
z z z z z z z z z z z
3. Older patients do not feel any systemic symptoms, such as malaise and weight loss.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
4. Even though the same joints are usually affected, age makes it feel different. - 4. Answer: 1 Page: 5
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. Knowledge of the bimodality of age onset of certain disease conditions will aid the advanced practice
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
znurse in avoiding misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis due to lack of recognition.
z z z z z z z z z z z z
2. Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis may be different depending on the age of the patient.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
3. Younger patients may not experience constitutional symptoms such as fever, malaise, weight loss, and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zdepression.
4. In late-onset rheumatoid arthritis, the joint involvement is more often in the larger joints.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
5. The nurse practitioner is examining an 85-year-old man with reports of abdominal pain, weakness, and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zloss of appetite. Which is the most likely condition to be tested for and ruled out?
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. Neoplasms and carcinomas z z
2. Partial seizure z
3|P a g e
z z z z z
, 3. Sarcopenia
4. Hirschsprung's disease - 5. Answer: 1 z z z z z
Page: 4 z
z Feedback
1. Certain diseases, such as neoplasms and carcinomas, are more common in the elderly, and an
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zunderstanding of the epidemiology is critical in the interpretation.
z z z z z z z z
2. Partial seizure is more common in early old age.
z z z z z z z z
3. Sarcopenia is more common in early old age. z z z z z z z
4. Hirschsprung's disease is most common in infancy. z z z z z z
6. For individuals over 65 years old, the most common morbidities are related to:
z z z z z z z z z z z z
1. Heart disease, arthritis
z z
2. Respiratory problems, cancer z z
3. Diabetes, stroke z
4. All of these are common morbidities. - 6. Answer: 4 Page: 5
z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
1. Heart disease is one of the common morbidities.
z z z z z z z
2. Cancer is common in the general population; however, specific types are more common in the older
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zpatient.
3. Diabetes is common in patients over 40 years of age.
z z z z z z z z z
4. Heart disease, cancer, and diabetes combined are the most common morbidities in older patients.
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
7. A gerontological patient is being examined for a report of pain in the shoulder. The nurse practitioner
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
zcompletes a thorough systemic examination because:
z z z z z
1. Older patients with one morbidity often express difficulties in general.
z z z z z z z z z
2. Arthritis of the shoulder is accompanied by other neurological symptoms.
z z z z z z z z z
3. Older patients with arthritis often experience pain in lower extremities.
z z z z z z z z z
4. The patient may not report significant signs and symptoms. - 7. Answer: 1 Page: 5
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
z Feedback
4|P a g e
z z z z z
