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NURS 3366 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 3
REVIEW WITH QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS|| LATEST AND COMPLETE
VERSION 2025 2026 WITH EXPERT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS|| ASSURED PASS
What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis?
a. Release of the inflammatory cytokines
b. Macrophages adhere to vessel walls.
c. Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls
d. Release of the platelet-deprived growth factor
c. Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls
What is the effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in atherosclerosis?
a. LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation.
b. LDLs cause regression of atherosclerotic plaques.
c. LDLs increase levels of inflammatory cytokines.
d. LDLs direct macrophages to the site in the endothelium.
a. LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation.
Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with
hypertension?
a. Increased norepinephrine
b. Adducin
c. Angiotensin II
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d. Insulin resistance
c. Angiotensin II
What pathologic change occurs to the kidney’s glomeruli as a result of
hypertension?
a. Compression of the renal tubules
b. Ischemia of the tubule
c. Increased pressure from within the tubule
d. Obstruction of the renal tubule
b. Ischemia of the tubule
What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm?
a. Atherosclerosis causes ischemia of the intima.
b. It increases nitric oxide.
c. Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall.
d. It obstructs the vessel.
c. Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall.
Regarding the endothelium, what is the difference between healthy vessel walls
and those that promote clot formation?
a. Inflammation and roughening of the endothelium of the artery are present.
b. Hypertrophy and vasoconstriction of the endothelium of the artery are present.
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c. Excessive clot formation and lipid accumulation in the endothelium of the artery
are present.
d. Evidence of age-related changes that weaken the endothelium of the artery are
present.
a. Inflammation and roughening of the endothelium of the artery are present.
What is the usual source of pulmonary emboli?
a. Deep venous thrombosis
b. Endocarditis
c. Valvular disease
d. Left heart failure
a. Deep venous thrombosis
What change in a vein supports the development of varicose veins?
a. Increase in osmotic pressure
b. Damage to the valves in veins
c. Damage to the venous endothelium
d. Increase in hydrostatic pressure
b. Damage to the valves in veins
What term is used to identify when a cell is temporarily deprived of blood supply?
a. Infarction
b. Ischemia
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c. Necrosis
d. Inflammation
b. Ischemia
The risk of developing coronary artery disease is increased up to threefold by
which factor?
a. Diabetes mellitus
b. Hypertension
c. Obesity
d. High alcohol consumption
b. Hypertension
Which substance is manufactured by the liver and primarily contains cholesterol
and protein?
a. Very low–density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
c. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
d. Triglycerides
b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
Which elevated value may be protective of the development of atherosclerosis?
a. Very low–density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
NURS 3366 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 3
REVIEW WITH QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS|| LATEST AND COMPLETE
VERSION 2025 2026 WITH EXPERT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS|| ASSURED PASS
What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis?
a. Release of the inflammatory cytokines
b. Macrophages adhere to vessel walls.
c. Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls
d. Release of the platelet-deprived growth factor
c. Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls
What is the effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in atherosclerosis?
a. LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation.
b. LDLs cause regression of atherosclerotic plaques.
c. LDLs increase levels of inflammatory cytokines.
d. LDLs direct macrophages to the site in the endothelium.
a. LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation.
Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with
hypertension?
a. Increased norepinephrine
b. Adducin
c. Angiotensin II
,2|Page
d. Insulin resistance
c. Angiotensin II
What pathologic change occurs to the kidney’s glomeruli as a result of
hypertension?
a. Compression of the renal tubules
b. Ischemia of the tubule
c. Increased pressure from within the tubule
d. Obstruction of the renal tubule
b. Ischemia of the tubule
What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm?
a. Atherosclerosis causes ischemia of the intima.
b. It increases nitric oxide.
c. Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall.
d. It obstructs the vessel.
c. Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall.
Regarding the endothelium, what is the difference between healthy vessel walls
and those that promote clot formation?
a. Inflammation and roughening of the endothelium of the artery are present.
b. Hypertrophy and vasoconstriction of the endothelium of the artery are present.
,3|Page
c. Excessive clot formation and lipid accumulation in the endothelium of the artery
are present.
d. Evidence of age-related changes that weaken the endothelium of the artery are
present.
a. Inflammation and roughening of the endothelium of the artery are present.
What is the usual source of pulmonary emboli?
a. Deep venous thrombosis
b. Endocarditis
c. Valvular disease
d. Left heart failure
a. Deep venous thrombosis
What change in a vein supports the development of varicose veins?
a. Increase in osmotic pressure
b. Damage to the valves in veins
c. Damage to the venous endothelium
d. Increase in hydrostatic pressure
b. Damage to the valves in veins
What term is used to identify when a cell is temporarily deprived of blood supply?
a. Infarction
b. Ischemia
, 4|Page
c. Necrosis
d. Inflammation
b. Ischemia
The risk of developing coronary artery disease is increased up to threefold by
which factor?
a. Diabetes mellitus
b. Hypertension
c. Obesity
d. High alcohol consumption
b. Hypertension
Which substance is manufactured by the liver and primarily contains cholesterol
and protein?
a. Very low–density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
c. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
d. Triglycerides
b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
Which elevated value may be protective of the development of atherosclerosis?
a. Very low–density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
