NR507- Exam (Latest )
Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary,
hematology, renal Questions & Answers
100% Correct [Grade A] - Chamberlain
Hypertension - correct answer consistent elevation of systemic arterial blood
pressure, increases in cardiac output or total peripheral resistance or both. CO is
increased by any condition that increases HR or SV, whereas peripheral resistance is
increased by any factor that increases blood viscosity or reduces vessel diameter
(vasoconstriction)
primary hypertension - correct answer Essential or idiopathic hypertension
Genetic and environmental factors
Affects 92% to 95% of individuals with hypertension
secondary hypertension - correct answer high blood pressure caused by the effects of
another disease. Example (renal artery stenosis, kidney atrophy, increase in plasma
renin)
calcium binding - correct answer Binding of calcium to subunit of troponin
Induces conformation change in troponin
Troponin-tropomyosin complex moved
Myosin binding sites of actin exposed
Troponin - correct answer regulatory protein that binds to actin, tropomyosin, and
calcium. Integral to muscle contraction in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but not
smooth muscle
Cardiac Output (CO) - correct answer volume of blood ejected by each ventricle per
minute
CO= HRx SV
factors that affect cardiac output - correct answer preload
after-load
heart rate
myocardial contractility
Ejection Fraction (EF) - correct answer calculation of how much blood a ventricle can
eject with one contraction
, NR507- Exam (Latest )
Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary,
hematology, renal Questions & Answers
100% Correct [Grade A] - Chamberlain
SV / EDV
55-70% of ventricular blood ejected/ systole
cardiac contractility (inotropic) - correct answer Force generated at any given end
diastolic volume
Increased:
sympathetic stimulation (anxiety, increased thyroxine)
Decreased:
low ATP levels (inschemia, hypoxia, acidosis)
preload (venous return) - correct answer volume of blood in ventricles at end of
diastole
Increased: CHF, hypervolemia
Decreased: cardiac tamponade, hypovolemia
AFTERLOAD (arteries) - correct answer resistance to left ventricular ejection (systole)
Increased: COPD, hypertension, valve dx (all r/t pulm htn)
Decreased: hypotension, vasodilation (shock)
Laplace's Law - correct answer Wall tension = (pressure x radius)/ (2 x wall thickness)
heart must work harder- increased tension
Systole (OUT) - correct answer ventricular contraction that ejects blood out of the
ventricules to the pulmonary and systemic circulation.
Diastole (IN) - correct answer Relaxation period when blood fills the relaxed ventricles
AV valves - correct answer tricuspid- right side/ pulmonary
bicuspid- left side/ aortic side
Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary,
hematology, renal Questions & Answers
100% Correct [Grade A] - Chamberlain
Hypertension - correct answer consistent elevation of systemic arterial blood
pressure, increases in cardiac output or total peripheral resistance or both. CO is
increased by any condition that increases HR or SV, whereas peripheral resistance is
increased by any factor that increases blood viscosity or reduces vessel diameter
(vasoconstriction)
primary hypertension - correct answer Essential or idiopathic hypertension
Genetic and environmental factors
Affects 92% to 95% of individuals with hypertension
secondary hypertension - correct answer high blood pressure caused by the effects of
another disease. Example (renal artery stenosis, kidney atrophy, increase in plasma
renin)
calcium binding - correct answer Binding of calcium to subunit of troponin
Induces conformation change in troponin
Troponin-tropomyosin complex moved
Myosin binding sites of actin exposed
Troponin - correct answer regulatory protein that binds to actin, tropomyosin, and
calcium. Integral to muscle contraction in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but not
smooth muscle
Cardiac Output (CO) - correct answer volume of blood ejected by each ventricle per
minute
CO= HRx SV
factors that affect cardiac output - correct answer preload
after-load
heart rate
myocardial contractility
Ejection Fraction (EF) - correct answer calculation of how much blood a ventricle can
eject with one contraction
, NR507- Exam (Latest )
Advanced Patho- cardiac, pulmonary,
hematology, renal Questions & Answers
100% Correct [Grade A] - Chamberlain
SV / EDV
55-70% of ventricular blood ejected/ systole
cardiac contractility (inotropic) - correct answer Force generated at any given end
diastolic volume
Increased:
sympathetic stimulation (anxiety, increased thyroxine)
Decreased:
low ATP levels (inschemia, hypoxia, acidosis)
preload (venous return) - correct answer volume of blood in ventricles at end of
diastole
Increased: CHF, hypervolemia
Decreased: cardiac tamponade, hypovolemia
AFTERLOAD (arteries) - correct answer resistance to left ventricular ejection (systole)
Increased: COPD, hypertension, valve dx (all r/t pulm htn)
Decreased: hypotension, vasodilation (shock)
Laplace's Law - correct answer Wall tension = (pressure x radius)/ (2 x wall thickness)
heart must work harder- increased tension
Systole (OUT) - correct answer ventricular contraction that ejects blood out of the
ventricules to the pulmonary and systemic circulation.
Diastole (IN) - correct answer Relaxation period when blood fills the relaxed ventricles
AV valves - correct answer tricuspid- right side/ pulmonary
bicuspid- left side/ aortic side
