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Two waves, a 5 MHz ultrasonic wave and a 5 kHz audible wave, travel through
soft tissue.
True or False? The period of the 5 MHz wave is less than the period of the
audible wave. - ANSWER-True.
Period and frequency of any waves are reciprocals. The higher the frequency,
the shorter the period.
Two waves, a 5 MHz ultrasonic wave and a 5 kHz audible wave, travel through
soft tissue.
True or false? The wavelength of the 5 MHz wave is greater than the
wavelength of the 5 kHz wave. - ANSWER-False
The higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength
Waves that exist at the same location and time will combine. What is this
called? - ANSWER-Interference
Two waves arrive at the same location and interfere. The resultant sound wave
is smaller than either of the two original waves. What is this called? -
ANSWER-Destructive interference
A pair of waves are in phase. What occurs when these waves interfere? -
ANSWER-Constructive interference
,What is the range of periods commonly found in waves produced by
ultrasound? - ANSWER-.06 - .05 microseconds
Period is the time of a single cycle and is the reciprocal of frequency. A wave
with a frequency of 2 MHz has a period of .5 (1/2) microseconds. A wave with
a frequency of 15Mhz has a period of .06 (1/15) microseconds.
The final amplitude of an acoustic wave is reduced to one-half of its original
value. The final power is ______ the original power. - ANSWER-1/4
Changes in the power of a wave are proportional to changes in the wave's
amplitude squared. 1/2 squared = 1/4. When 1/2 of the wave's original
amplitude remains, then only 1/4 of the original power remains.
The amplitude of an acoustic wave decreases from 27 pascals to 9 pascals. If the
initial power in the wave was 27 watts, what is the wave's final power? -
ANSWER-3 watts
Alterations in a wave's power are proportional to changes in its amplitude
squared. The power is reduced to 1/3 of its previous value (from 27 to 9
pascals). 1/3 squared equals 1/9. Thus, only 1/9 of the wave's original power
remains. The initial power in the wave was 27 watts, 1/9 of that is 27/9, or 3
watts.
The intensity of an ultrasound beam is defined as the ______ in a beam _____
by the _____ of the beam. - ANSWER-Power, divided, area
The intensity of an ultrasound beam is the concentration of the power within the
beam area. It is calculated by dividing the power in a beam by its area. The units
of intensity are w/cm2.
, As sound travels in the body, what typically happens to the intensity of the
wave? - ANSWER-Decreases
What are the units of intensity? - ANSWER-w/cm2 (watts per centimeter
squared)
True or False? With diagnostic ultrasonic imaging instruments, the operator can
alter the intensity of an ultrasound beam produced by a transducer. - ANSWER-
True
The sonographer can change the intensity by changing the output power
What determines the initial intensity of an ultrasound beam? - ANSWER-The
source of the sound wave
What determines the intensity of an ultrasound beam after it has traveled
through the body? - ANSWER-The sound wave's source and the medium
through which the sound travels
What are the units of the transmitted intensity of a sound wave? - ANSWER-W
w/cm2 (watts per centimeter squared)
What happens when the power in an ultrasound beam is unchanged, and at the
same time, the beam area doubles? - ANSWER-Is halved
Intensity is equal to power/beam area. In this case, the power is unchanged
while the beam area is doubled. Therefore, the beam's intensity is halved.
What happens to an acoustic beam's intensity when the power in the beam
increases by 25% while the cross-sectional area of the beam remains the same?
- ANSWER-It increases by 25%