Audesirk Exam
Name___________________________________
Audesirk
Byers MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Scientific inquiry is based on 1)
A) information found in a gossip magazine.
B) cultural biases or traditions.
C) natural causes.
D) stories that are passed down through generations.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause? 2)
A) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
B) If you sneeze, you will die.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
D) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because 3)
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) there arenʹt enough variables.
D) faith requires deductive reasoning.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
ELEVENTH EDITION 4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories? 4)
A) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
Biology
B) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They have been thoroughly tested.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Life Earth
Learning Outcome: 1.9
on
1
TEST BANK
,5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study? 5) 10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in 10)
A) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development. accord with scientific principles is called a
B) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks. A) control.
C) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one B) theory.
produces the most sales. C) postulate.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce. D) fact.
E) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness E) hypothesis.
against the flu virus. Answer: B
Answer: D Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.7
11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT 11)
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT 6) A) hypothesis formulation.
A) experimentation. B) supernatural causes.
B) conclusions. C) observation and experimentation.
C) an observation. D) repeatable by other scientists.
D) a hypothesis. E) deductive reasoning.
E) a testable theory. Answer: B
Answer: E Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.7
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 12)
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesnʹt start one morning before 7) 25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should
school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? A) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
A) Iʹm going to be late. B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
B) I should add a quart of oil. C) begin work on developing a new drug.
C) If I put gas in my car, it will start. D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
D) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery. E) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
E) I should change the battery or the starter. Answer: A
Answer: C Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.7
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What 13)
8) A scientific theory 8) was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?
A) is an educated guess. A) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
B) will never be changed. B) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldnʹt grow.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis. C) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
D) is a general explanation for natural phenomena. D) The mold was dead.
Answer: D Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1 Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9 Learning Outcome: 1.7
9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n) 9)
A) control.
B) fact.
C) hypothesis.
D) theory.
E) observation.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
2 3
,14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 14) 19) The smallest units that still retain the characteristics of an element are called 19)
pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for A) cells.
this experiment? B) organic molecules.
A) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline C) atoms.
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug D) tissues.
C) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug E) molecules.
D) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug Answer: C
E) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline Chapter Section: 1.1
Answer: A Learning Outcome: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7 20) Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning? 20)
A) Living objects are composed of cells.
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory? 15) B) Atoms make up molecules, which make up cells, which make up tissues.
A) Matter is composed of atoms. C) All objects on Earth will fall down when dropped, and none will ʺfall up.ʺ
B) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails. D) If an object exhibits all the characteristics of life, it must be living.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms. Answer: D
D) Living things are made of cells. Chapter Section: 1.1
Answer: B Learning Outcome: 1.7
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9 21) The experiments of Francesco Redi 21)
A) disproved the idea of spontaneous generation.
16) Which of the following is TRUE regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories? 16) B) determined that fly larvae were present in raw meat, and when left on the counter they
A) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories. turned into flies.
B) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are. C) used the scientific method to prove the idea of spontaneous generation.
C) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot. D) disproved the scientific method.
D) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven. E) disproved that maggots and flies were related.
E) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot. Answer: A
Answer: E Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.6; 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.9
22) Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. He left the 22)
17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization? 17) first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the
A) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system ________ jar.
B) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ A) conclusive B) experimental C) hypothetical D) control
C) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ Answer: D
D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule Chapter Section: 1.1
E) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell Learning Outcome: 1.6; 1.7
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1 23) To test the effect of vitamin D on growth, two groups of rats were raised under identical conditions 23)
Learning Outcome: 1.3 and fed the same diet. One of the groups received daily injections of vitamin D. The other group
received injections of saline, which did not contain vitamin D. All the rats were weighed weekly
18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most 18) for 2 months. In this experiment, the control was the
life-forms)? A) group receiving vitamin D. B) 2-month period of time.
A) Community C) average weight gain of the rats. D) group receiving saline.
B) Population Answer: D
C) Ecosystem Chapter Section: 1.1
D) Species Learning Outcome: 1.7; 1.8
E) Biosphere
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.3
4 5
, 24) Evolution is sometimes described as the change from preexisting life-forms to modern-day 24) 29) In a word, ʺevolutionʺ means 29)
organisms. What actually changes, in every case of evolution, is the A) nature. B) change. C) improvement. D) selection.
A) genetic makeup of the species, due to mutations. Answer: B
B) ability of organisms to respond to external stimuli. Chapter Section: 1.2
C) speciesʹ physical appearance. Learning Outcome: 1.2
D) energy and nutritional demands of the organism.
E) rate of reproduction. 30) The concept of evolution is based on 30)
Answer: A A) any type of genetic variation within a population.
Chapter Section: 1.2 B) all genetic variation in a population being equally successful in the same environment.
Learning Outcome: 1.2 C) survival and successful reproduction in organisms with favorable variations.
D) parents with variations that pass these variations on to their offspring.
25) All of the following are important to the theory of evolution EXCEPT 25) Answer: C
A) changes in individuals within their lifetimes. Chapter Section: 1.2
B) variation in traits within an entire population. Learning Outcome: 1.2
C) environmental change.
D) mutations. 31) All of the following are examples of adaptations EXCEPT 31)
E) inheritance of traits. A) larger teeth in beavers for gnawing wood.
Answer: A B) mice learning a maze to get food.
Chapter Section: 1.2 C) insects that resemble twigs.
Learning Outcome: 1.2 D) different beak shapes for birds that eat seeds or insects.
E) flower coloration that attracts pollinators.
26) Which is NOT an example of evolution? 26) Answer: B
A) Flightless birds living on islands without predators Chapter Section: 1.2
B) The development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria Learning Outcome: 1.2
C) Annual changes in the flu virus due to mutations
D) The 2- to 3-year effectiveness of most commercial pesticides in killing insects 32) Suppose an organism has an enzyme that repairs changes in its DNA. The result is a decrease in 32)
E) A dog learning how to open the cabinet where its food is kept mutations. This trait would definitely influence the organismʹs ability to
Answer: E A) move. B) maintain homeostasis.
Chapter Section: 1.2 C) evolve. D) obtain energy.
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
27) A mutation can be the cause for 27) Learning Outcome: 1.2
A) natural selection.
B) environmental change. 33) The variation among individuals, on which natural selection acts, describes 33)
C) sexual reproduction. A) genetic differences.
D) sperm and egg formation. B) physical training and exercise.
E) growth and development. C) nutritional differences.
Answer: A D) random occurrences in the lifetimes of individuals.
Chapter Section: 1.2 Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Chapter Section: 1.2
Learning Outcome: 1.2
28) A mutation is a 28)
A) dose of radiation. 34) Chromosomes are made of 34)
B) physical deformity, such as the loss of a limb. A) proteins.
C) defective egg or sperm cell. B) DNA.
D) change in the DNA sequence. C) DNA and proteins.
Answer: D D) carbohydrates.
Chapter Section: 1.2 E) cells.
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Learning Outcome: 1.2; 1.3
6 7
Name___________________________________
Audesirk
Byers MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Scientific inquiry is based on 1)
A) information found in a gossip magazine.
B) cultural biases or traditions.
C) natural causes.
D) stories that are passed down through generations.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause? 2)
A) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
B) If you sneeze, you will die.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
D) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because 3)
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) there arenʹt enough variables.
D) faith requires deductive reasoning.
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.6
ELEVENTH EDITION 4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories? 4)
A) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
Biology
B) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They have been thoroughly tested.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Life Earth
Learning Outcome: 1.9
on
1
TEST BANK
,5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study? 5) 10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in 10)
A) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development. accord with scientific principles is called a
B) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks. A) control.
C) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one B) theory.
produces the most sales. C) postulate.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce. D) fact.
E) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness E) hypothesis.
against the flu virus. Answer: B
Answer: D Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.7
11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT 11)
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT 6) A) hypothesis formulation.
A) experimentation. B) supernatural causes.
B) conclusions. C) observation and experimentation.
C) an observation. D) repeatable by other scientists.
D) a hypothesis. E) deductive reasoning.
E) a testable theory. Answer: B
Answer: E Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.7
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 12)
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesnʹt start one morning before 7) 25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should
school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem? A) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
A) Iʹm going to be late. B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
B) I should add a quart of oil. C) begin work on developing a new drug.
C) If I put gas in my car, it will start. D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
D) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery. E) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
E) I should change the battery or the starter. Answer: A
Answer: C Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.7
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What 13)
8) A scientific theory 8) was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?
A) is an educated guess. A) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
B) will never be changed. B) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldnʹt grow.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis. C) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
D) is a general explanation for natural phenomena. D) The mold was dead.
Answer: D Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1 Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9 Learning Outcome: 1.7
9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n) 9)
A) control.
B) fact.
C) hypothesis.
D) theory.
E) observation.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7
2 3
,14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 14) 19) The smallest units that still retain the characteristics of an element are called 19)
pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for A) cells.
this experiment? B) organic molecules.
A) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline C) atoms.
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug D) tissues.
C) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug E) molecules.
D) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug Answer: C
E) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline Chapter Section: 1.1
Answer: A Learning Outcome: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.7 20) Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning? 20)
A) Living objects are composed of cells.
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory? 15) B) Atoms make up molecules, which make up cells, which make up tissues.
A) Matter is composed of atoms. C) All objects on Earth will fall down when dropped, and none will ʺfall up.ʺ
B) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails. D) If an object exhibits all the characteristics of life, it must be living.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms. Answer: D
D) Living things are made of cells. Chapter Section: 1.1
Answer: B Learning Outcome: 1.7
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.9 21) The experiments of Francesco Redi 21)
A) disproved the idea of spontaneous generation.
16) Which of the following is TRUE regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories? 16) B) determined that fly larvae were present in raw meat, and when left on the counter they
A) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories. turned into flies.
B) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are. C) used the scientific method to prove the idea of spontaneous generation.
C) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot. D) disproved the scientific method.
D) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven. E) disproved that maggots and flies were related.
E) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot. Answer: A
Answer: E Chapter Section: 1.1
Chapter Section: 1.1 Learning Outcome: 1.6; 1.7
Learning Outcome: 1.9
22) Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. He left the 22)
17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization? 17) first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The first jar would be called the
A) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system ________ jar.
B) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ A) conclusive B) experimental C) hypothetical D) control
C) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ Answer: D
D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule Chapter Section: 1.1
E) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell Learning Outcome: 1.6; 1.7
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1 23) To test the effect of vitamin D on growth, two groups of rats were raised under identical conditions 23)
Learning Outcome: 1.3 and fed the same diet. One of the groups received daily injections of vitamin D. The other group
received injections of saline, which did not contain vitamin D. All the rats were weighed weekly
18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most 18) for 2 months. In this experiment, the control was the
life-forms)? A) group receiving vitamin D. B) 2-month period of time.
A) Community C) average weight gain of the rats. D) group receiving saline.
B) Population Answer: D
C) Ecosystem Chapter Section: 1.1
D) Species Learning Outcome: 1.7; 1.8
E) Biosphere
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Learning Outcome: 1.3
4 5
, 24) Evolution is sometimes described as the change from preexisting life-forms to modern-day 24) 29) In a word, ʺevolutionʺ means 29)
organisms. What actually changes, in every case of evolution, is the A) nature. B) change. C) improvement. D) selection.
A) genetic makeup of the species, due to mutations. Answer: B
B) ability of organisms to respond to external stimuli. Chapter Section: 1.2
C) speciesʹ physical appearance. Learning Outcome: 1.2
D) energy and nutritional demands of the organism.
E) rate of reproduction. 30) The concept of evolution is based on 30)
Answer: A A) any type of genetic variation within a population.
Chapter Section: 1.2 B) all genetic variation in a population being equally successful in the same environment.
Learning Outcome: 1.2 C) survival and successful reproduction in organisms with favorable variations.
D) parents with variations that pass these variations on to their offspring.
25) All of the following are important to the theory of evolution EXCEPT 25) Answer: C
A) changes in individuals within their lifetimes. Chapter Section: 1.2
B) variation in traits within an entire population. Learning Outcome: 1.2
C) environmental change.
D) mutations. 31) All of the following are examples of adaptations EXCEPT 31)
E) inheritance of traits. A) larger teeth in beavers for gnawing wood.
Answer: A B) mice learning a maze to get food.
Chapter Section: 1.2 C) insects that resemble twigs.
Learning Outcome: 1.2 D) different beak shapes for birds that eat seeds or insects.
E) flower coloration that attracts pollinators.
26) Which is NOT an example of evolution? 26) Answer: B
A) Flightless birds living on islands without predators Chapter Section: 1.2
B) The development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria Learning Outcome: 1.2
C) Annual changes in the flu virus due to mutations
D) The 2- to 3-year effectiveness of most commercial pesticides in killing insects 32) Suppose an organism has an enzyme that repairs changes in its DNA. The result is a decrease in 32)
E) A dog learning how to open the cabinet where its food is kept mutations. This trait would definitely influence the organismʹs ability to
Answer: E A) move. B) maintain homeostasis.
Chapter Section: 1.2 C) evolve. D) obtain energy.
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
27) A mutation can be the cause for 27) Learning Outcome: 1.2
A) natural selection.
B) environmental change. 33) The variation among individuals, on which natural selection acts, describes 33)
C) sexual reproduction. A) genetic differences.
D) sperm and egg formation. B) physical training and exercise.
E) growth and development. C) nutritional differences.
Answer: A D) random occurrences in the lifetimes of individuals.
Chapter Section: 1.2 Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Chapter Section: 1.2
Learning Outcome: 1.2
28) A mutation is a 28)
A) dose of radiation. 34) Chromosomes are made of 34)
B) physical deformity, such as the loss of a limb. A) proteins.
C) defective egg or sperm cell. B) DNA.
D) change in the DNA sequence. C) DNA and proteins.
Answer: D D) carbohydrates.
Chapter Section: 1.2 E) cells.
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Learning Outcome: 1.2; 1.3
6 7
