CDE Exam Study Guide questions with
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answers
Pramlintide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔(Symlin) 1) slows the rate of
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digestion from stomach to intestines 2) lowers the amount of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glucose produced by the liver 3) triggers the feeling of fullness
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
after eating. |\
Pramlintide Dosing - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reduce mealtime
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insulin by 50%, then initiate at 15mcg immediately prior to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
meals. Then increase to 30, 45, or 60mcg when no clinically
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significant nausea has occurred for at least 3 days.
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Pramlintide Contraindications/Considerations - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Can't be mixed with insulins |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
May delay absorption of co-administered oral meds (take those
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1hr prior or 2hr after Symlin)
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Not used for pts on anticholinergics or others that will slow
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
gastric emptying |\
Cannot be used in pts with confirmed gastroparesis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Increased risk of hypoglycemia with ACE-I, MAOI, Fluoxetine, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
sulfa abx. |\
,Target Cholesterol Levels for High-Risk patients - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔LDL: 100-129 |\ |\
Total: 200-239|\
HDL: >40 |\
What are HGM-CoA Reductase Inhibitors? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Statins
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Fed state - 0-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3.8hr
Insulin inhibits breakdown of glycogen and TG reservoirs
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 2 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Post-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Absorptive State - 4-15.9hr |\ |\ |\
Insulin levels decrease, glucagon levels rise
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 3 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Early
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Starvation State - 16-47.9hr |\ |\ |\
Lactate makes up half of gluconeogenic substrate. Insulin is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
suppressed and counter-regulatory hormones are stimulated.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, Fuel Homeostasis Stage 4 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Preliminary
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Prolonged Starvation State (48hr - 23.9 days)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
BG comes from hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis. Insulin is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
markedly suppressed by 60hr, and glucagon, cortisol, growth
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hormone, and epinephrine are stimulated.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 5 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Secondary
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Prolonged Starvation State (24-40 days)
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BG originates from hepatic/renal gluconeogenesis still, but rate of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glucose use by brain diminishes and rate of hepatic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
gluconeogenesis slows. |\
Central Obesity Waist Size - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Men: >40in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Women: >30in |\
Metabolic Activity of Abdominal Fat - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔More capillaries, influx of FFA. In liver, FFA's cause insulin
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
resistance, and FFA can be used as fuel, thus raising BG
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
BMI Range Classifications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Under: <18.5
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Normal: 18.5-24.9 |\
Over: 25-29.9 |\
Obese: >30 |\
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answers
Pramlintide - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔(Symlin) 1) slows the rate of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
digestion from stomach to intestines 2) lowers the amount of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glucose produced by the liver 3) triggers the feeling of fullness
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
after eating. |\
Pramlintide Dosing - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Reduce mealtime
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
insulin by 50%, then initiate at 15mcg immediately prior to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
meals. Then increase to 30, 45, or 60mcg when no clinically
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
significant nausea has occurred for at least 3 days.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Pramlintide Contraindications/Considerations - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔Can't be mixed with insulins |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
May delay absorption of co-administered oral meds (take those
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
1hr prior or 2hr after Symlin)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Not used for pts on anticholinergics or others that will slow
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
gastric emptying |\
Cannot be used in pts with confirmed gastroparesis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Increased risk of hypoglycemia with ACE-I, MAOI, Fluoxetine, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
sulfa abx. |\
,Target Cholesterol Levels for High-Risk patients - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔LDL: 100-129 |\ |\
Total: 200-239|\
HDL: >40 |\
What are HGM-CoA Reductase Inhibitors? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Statins
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Fed state - 0-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
3.8hr
Insulin inhibits breakdown of glycogen and TG reservoirs
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 2 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Post-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Absorptive State - 4-15.9hr |\ |\ |\
Insulin levels decrease, glucagon levels rise
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 3 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Early
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Starvation State - 16-47.9hr |\ |\ |\
Lactate makes up half of gluconeogenic substrate. Insulin is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
suppressed and counter-regulatory hormones are stimulated.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, Fuel Homeostasis Stage 4 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Preliminary
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Prolonged Starvation State (48hr - 23.9 days)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
BG comes from hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis. Insulin is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
markedly suppressed by 60hr, and glucagon, cortisol, growth
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hormone, and epinephrine are stimulated.
|\ |\ |\ |\
Fuel Homeostasis Stage 5 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Secondary
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Prolonged Starvation State (24-40 days)
|\ |\ |\ |\
BG originates from hepatic/renal gluconeogenesis still, but rate of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
glucose use by brain diminishes and rate of hepatic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
gluconeogenesis slows. |\
Central Obesity Waist Size - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Men: >40in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Women: >30in |\
Metabolic Activity of Abdominal Fat - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔More capillaries, influx of FFA. In liver, FFA's cause insulin
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
resistance, and FFA can be used as fuel, thus raising BG
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
BMI Range Classifications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Under: <18.5
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Normal: 18.5-24.9 |\
Over: 25-29.9 |\
Obese: >30 |\
