BIOLOCY
Chapter 01 Testbank
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. When electrons in excited orbitals lose energy, that energy can
A. be used to drive another chemical process.
B. emit light.
C. be passed on to a neighbouring atom.
D. All of the answers are correct.
E. be used to drive photosynthesis in a leaf cell in sunlight.
2. An oxygen atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons and 8 electrons.
A. Its atomic number is 16.
B. Its mass number is 8.
C. It has 4 electrons in the first energy level (electron shell).
D. It has 6 electrons in the outermost energy level (electron shell).
E. It has 8 electrons in the outermost energy level (electron shell).
3. Atoms of the same element can exist in different forms called isotopes. The most common isotope of carbon is carbon-
12 but it has two less-common isotopes, carbon-13 and carbon-14. The less-common isotopes have
A. the same number of electrons but more protons.
B. the same number of protons but more neutrons.
C. the same number of neutrons but more protons.
D. the same number of protons but more electrons.
E. the same number of neutrons but more electrons.
5e
,4. Ionic bonds are formed by the 8. Water is a versatile solvent because water molecules are
A. attraction between atoms with opposite polarity. A. small.
B. transfer of electrons from one atom to another. B. polar.
C. sharing of electrons between oppositely charged ions. C. hydrophilic.
D. attraction between positively and negatively charged ions of the same element. D. loosely connected by hydrogen bonds.
E. sharing of electrons in the outer electron orbital of an atom. E. hydrophobic.
5. Hydrogen bonds can form between 9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. carbon and hydrogen atoms. A. The internal pH of the cells of an organism is usually the same as the pH of the external environment.
B. oxygen and hydrogen atoms in the same water molecule. B. The internal pH of the cells of an organism may be quite different to the pH of the external environment.
C. oxygen and hydrogen atoms in adjacent molecules. C. Regardless of the internal pH of their cells, most living organisms can only survive within a narrow range of
environmental pH.
D. hydrogen atoms in adjacent molecules.
D. Regardless of the pH of the environment, most living organisms will not survive if the internal pH of their cells
E. hydrogen atoms within the same molecule. fluctuates.
E. The internal pH of a muscle cell may become more basic during exercise.
6. One of the properties that make water an ideal medium for living organisms is that water
A. can absorb considerable amounts of heat with little change in temperature. 10. The interior of a lysosome in an animal cell has a pH of 5, while the cytosol of the cell has a pH of 7.4. This indicates
that in comparison to the cytosol, the interior of the lysosome has a
B. expands and becomes more dense as it changes from solid to liquid form.
A. lower concentration of total dissolved ions.
C. releases heat when it evaporates.
B. lower concentration of hydrogen ions.
D. is a universal solvent.
C. higher concentration of bicarbonate ions.
E. has a high boiling point.
D. higher concentration of hydrogen ions.
E. higher concentration of hydroxyl ions.
7. Hydrogen bonding between water molecules gives water a high level of structural organisation. In ice, the maximum
number of hydrogen bonds formed with one water molecule is
A. 2. 11. Buffers are substances that assist cells and organisms to resist changes in pH by
B. 3. A. accepting H+ ions as pH rises and releasing H+ ions as pH falls.
C. 4. B. accepting OH– ions as pH rises and releasing H+ ions as pH falls.
D. 6. C. accepting H+ ions as pH falls and releasing H+ ions as pH rises.
E. 1. D. accepting OH– ions as pH falls and releasing H+ ions as pH rises.
E. accepting OH- ions as pH falls and releasing OH- ions as pH rises.
,12. Living organisms are composed of elements made of small units called 16. The energy levels of electrons in their orbitals are determined by
A. atoms. A. the distance of the orbital from the nucleus.
B. protons. B. the number of electrons in the orbital.
C. neutrons. C. the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
D. electrons. D. the number of protons in the orbital.
E. ions. E. the distance of the electrons in the orbital from each other.
13. Which one of the following is not one of the four most abundant atoms (>99%) found in living cells? 17. An element is a substance made up of
A. Carbon A. one type of atom only.
B. Hydrogen B. one type of molecule only.
C. Oxygen C. at least two different types of atoms.
D. Nitrogen D. one atom linked to a different atom by a covalent bond.
E. Phosphorus E.
an atom with one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.
14. Electrons exist as orbitals around the nucleus of an atom. Any orbital may contain
A. only 2 electrons.
18. The small, negatively charged particles in an atom are called
B. 4 electrons.
A. electrons.
C. 6 electrons.
B. protons.
D. 8 electrons.
C. neutrons.
E. any number of electrons depending on the orbital.
D. ions.
E. isotopes.
15. Atoms in which the number of protons does not equal the number of electrons in the orbital are known as
A. ions.
19. The atomic number of an atom is
B. molecules.
A. the number of protons in the nucleus.
C. elements.
B. the number of protons in the orbitals.
D. isotopes.
C. the number of electrons in the nucleus.
E. radioactive.
D. the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
E. the number of ions in the nucleus.
, 20. The mass number of an atom is the number of 24.
A. protons in the nucleus of an atom. Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell available for covalent bonding. Which of the following statements about carbon is
INCORRECT?
B. protons and neutrons combined in the nucleus of an atom.
C. neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
A. Carbon is able to share the electrons with 4 atoms of hydrogen.
D. electrons in an atom.
B. Carbon is able to share the electrons with other carbon atoms to form biomolecules.
E. protons and electrons combined in an atom.
C. Carbon is able to share electrons with oxygen to form carbon dioxide.
D. Carbon is able to form stable molecules by gaining 4 electrons in its outer electron orbital.
21. Living organisms are composed predominantly of which of the following groups of elements: E. Carbon is able to form highly reactive molecules by losing 2 of the 4 electrons in its outer electron orbital.
A. Hydrogen (H); oxygen (O); carbon (C).
25. Nitrogen has 5 electrons in its outer orbital which allows it to share its electrons with
B. Hydrogen (H); oxygen (O); phosphorus (P).
A. 2 hydrogen atoms.
C. Hydrogen (H); phosphorus (P); carbon (C).
B. 3 hydrogen atoms.
D. Hydrogen (H); sodium (Na); chloride (Cl).
C. 4 hydrogen atoms.
E. Oxygen (O); sodium (Na); chloride (Cl).
D. 5 hydrogen atoms.
E. 6 hydrogen atoms.
22. The chemical properties of elements are determined primarily by
A. the number and arrangement of electrons in the highest energy level of the atom (the outermost electron shell).
26. The pH of blood is 7.4. The pH of vinegar is 1.4. The blood sample has
B. the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
A. 6 times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
C. the number and arrangement of electrons in the lowest energy level of the atom (the innermost electron shell).
B. 6,000 times higher [H+] than the vinegar.
D. the ability of the electrons to change to a different orbital.
C. 6,000 times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
E. the type of bonds formed in the electron orbitals.
D. 5.3 times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
E. a million times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
23. Elements in living organisms are
A. similar to those found generally in the biosphere.
27. When two atoms share a pair of electrons, the type of bonding is termed
B. not similar to those found in the biosphere.
A. ionic.
C. mainly carbon (C) and sodium chloride (NaCl).
B. hydrogen.
D. highly reactive.
C. covalent.
E. mostly atoms with a high atomic mass.
D. non-covalent.
E. unstable.
Chapter 01 Testbank
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. When electrons in excited orbitals lose energy, that energy can
A. be used to drive another chemical process.
B. emit light.
C. be passed on to a neighbouring atom.
D. All of the answers are correct.
E. be used to drive photosynthesis in a leaf cell in sunlight.
2. An oxygen atom has 8 protons, 8 neutrons and 8 electrons.
A. Its atomic number is 16.
B. Its mass number is 8.
C. It has 4 electrons in the first energy level (electron shell).
D. It has 6 electrons in the outermost energy level (electron shell).
E. It has 8 electrons in the outermost energy level (electron shell).
3. Atoms of the same element can exist in different forms called isotopes. The most common isotope of carbon is carbon-
12 but it has two less-common isotopes, carbon-13 and carbon-14. The less-common isotopes have
A. the same number of electrons but more protons.
B. the same number of protons but more neutrons.
C. the same number of neutrons but more protons.
D. the same number of protons but more electrons.
E. the same number of neutrons but more electrons.
5e
,4. Ionic bonds are formed by the 8. Water is a versatile solvent because water molecules are
A. attraction between atoms with opposite polarity. A. small.
B. transfer of electrons from one atom to another. B. polar.
C. sharing of electrons between oppositely charged ions. C. hydrophilic.
D. attraction between positively and negatively charged ions of the same element. D. loosely connected by hydrogen bonds.
E. sharing of electrons in the outer electron orbital of an atom. E. hydrophobic.
5. Hydrogen bonds can form between 9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. carbon and hydrogen atoms. A. The internal pH of the cells of an organism is usually the same as the pH of the external environment.
B. oxygen and hydrogen atoms in the same water molecule. B. The internal pH of the cells of an organism may be quite different to the pH of the external environment.
C. oxygen and hydrogen atoms in adjacent molecules. C. Regardless of the internal pH of their cells, most living organisms can only survive within a narrow range of
environmental pH.
D. hydrogen atoms in adjacent molecules.
D. Regardless of the pH of the environment, most living organisms will not survive if the internal pH of their cells
E. hydrogen atoms within the same molecule. fluctuates.
E. The internal pH of a muscle cell may become more basic during exercise.
6. One of the properties that make water an ideal medium for living organisms is that water
A. can absorb considerable amounts of heat with little change in temperature. 10. The interior of a lysosome in an animal cell has a pH of 5, while the cytosol of the cell has a pH of 7.4. This indicates
that in comparison to the cytosol, the interior of the lysosome has a
B. expands and becomes more dense as it changes from solid to liquid form.
A. lower concentration of total dissolved ions.
C. releases heat when it evaporates.
B. lower concentration of hydrogen ions.
D. is a universal solvent.
C. higher concentration of bicarbonate ions.
E. has a high boiling point.
D. higher concentration of hydrogen ions.
E. higher concentration of hydroxyl ions.
7. Hydrogen bonding between water molecules gives water a high level of structural organisation. In ice, the maximum
number of hydrogen bonds formed with one water molecule is
A. 2. 11. Buffers are substances that assist cells and organisms to resist changes in pH by
B. 3. A. accepting H+ ions as pH rises and releasing H+ ions as pH falls.
C. 4. B. accepting OH– ions as pH rises and releasing H+ ions as pH falls.
D. 6. C. accepting H+ ions as pH falls and releasing H+ ions as pH rises.
E. 1. D. accepting OH– ions as pH falls and releasing H+ ions as pH rises.
E. accepting OH- ions as pH falls and releasing OH- ions as pH rises.
,12. Living organisms are composed of elements made of small units called 16. The energy levels of electrons in their orbitals are determined by
A. atoms. A. the distance of the orbital from the nucleus.
B. protons. B. the number of electrons in the orbital.
C. neutrons. C. the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
D. electrons. D. the number of protons in the orbital.
E. ions. E. the distance of the electrons in the orbital from each other.
13. Which one of the following is not one of the four most abundant atoms (>99%) found in living cells? 17. An element is a substance made up of
A. Carbon A. one type of atom only.
B. Hydrogen B. one type of molecule only.
C. Oxygen C. at least two different types of atoms.
D. Nitrogen D. one atom linked to a different atom by a covalent bond.
E. Phosphorus E.
an atom with one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.
14. Electrons exist as orbitals around the nucleus of an atom. Any orbital may contain
A. only 2 electrons.
18. The small, negatively charged particles in an atom are called
B. 4 electrons.
A. electrons.
C. 6 electrons.
B. protons.
D. 8 electrons.
C. neutrons.
E. any number of electrons depending on the orbital.
D. ions.
E. isotopes.
15. Atoms in which the number of protons does not equal the number of electrons in the orbital are known as
A. ions.
19. The atomic number of an atom is
B. molecules.
A. the number of protons in the nucleus.
C. elements.
B. the number of protons in the orbitals.
D. isotopes.
C. the number of electrons in the nucleus.
E. radioactive.
D. the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
E. the number of ions in the nucleus.
, 20. The mass number of an atom is the number of 24.
A. protons in the nucleus of an atom. Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell available for covalent bonding. Which of the following statements about carbon is
INCORRECT?
B. protons and neutrons combined in the nucleus of an atom.
C. neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
A. Carbon is able to share the electrons with 4 atoms of hydrogen.
D. electrons in an atom.
B. Carbon is able to share the electrons with other carbon atoms to form biomolecules.
E. protons and electrons combined in an atom.
C. Carbon is able to share electrons with oxygen to form carbon dioxide.
D. Carbon is able to form stable molecules by gaining 4 electrons in its outer electron orbital.
21. Living organisms are composed predominantly of which of the following groups of elements: E. Carbon is able to form highly reactive molecules by losing 2 of the 4 electrons in its outer electron orbital.
A. Hydrogen (H); oxygen (O); carbon (C).
25. Nitrogen has 5 electrons in its outer orbital which allows it to share its electrons with
B. Hydrogen (H); oxygen (O); phosphorus (P).
A. 2 hydrogen atoms.
C. Hydrogen (H); phosphorus (P); carbon (C).
B. 3 hydrogen atoms.
D. Hydrogen (H); sodium (Na); chloride (Cl).
C. 4 hydrogen atoms.
E. Oxygen (O); sodium (Na); chloride (Cl).
D. 5 hydrogen atoms.
E. 6 hydrogen atoms.
22. The chemical properties of elements are determined primarily by
A. the number and arrangement of electrons in the highest energy level of the atom (the outermost electron shell).
26. The pH of blood is 7.4. The pH of vinegar is 1.4. The blood sample has
B. the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
A. 6 times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
C. the number and arrangement of electrons in the lowest energy level of the atom (the innermost electron shell).
B. 6,000 times higher [H+] than the vinegar.
D. the ability of the electrons to change to a different orbital.
C. 6,000 times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
E. the type of bonds formed in the electron orbitals.
D. 5.3 times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
E. a million times lower [H+] than the vinegar.
23. Elements in living organisms are
A. similar to those found generally in the biosphere.
27. When two atoms share a pair of electrons, the type of bonding is termed
B. not similar to those found in the biosphere.
A. ionic.
C. mainly carbon (C) and sodium chloride (NaCl).
B. hydrogen.
D. highly reactive.
C. covalent.
E. mostly atoms with a high atomic mass.
D. non-covalent.
E. unstable.
