Genetics From Genes To Genomes 6th Edition
I I I I I I
12) One Istrand Iof IDNA Ihas Ithe Isequence I5′ IGGTCTA I3′. IWhat Iis Ithe Isequence Iof Ithe
IotherIstrand?
Hartwell Test Bank
I I I
- 5′ ITAGACC I3′
13) Which Istatement Iis Itrue Iabout Ithe Istructure Iof IDNA?
Hartwell - The Itwo Istrands Iof Ia IDNA Imolecule Iare Iheld Itogether Iby Ibase Ipairing.
Chapter I1 I Genetics: IThe IStudy Iof IBiological IInformation
14) The Isize Iof Ithe Imouse I(M. Imusculus) Igenome Iis I2700 Imegabases I(Mb) Iand Iit
1) How Idoes IDNA Istructure Irelate Ito Iits Ifunction? Icontains Iabout I25,000 Igenes Iarranged Ion I40 Ichromosomes. IIf Ithe Igenes Iare Ievenly
- The Iorder Iof Inucleotides Iin Ia IDNA Istrand Ispecifies Ithe Iorder Iof Iamino Iacids Iin Idistributed Ion Ichromosomes Iin Ithe Imouse, Iwhat Iis Ithe Iaverage Inumber Iof Igenes Iper
IaIprotein. Ichromosome?
- I625
2) What Iis Ia Idifference Ibetween Ithe Istructure Iof IDNA Iand Iproteins?
- DNA Iis Icomposed Iof Inucleotides Iand Iproteins Iare Icomposed Iof Iamino Iacids. 15) Which Istatement Iabout Ithe Istructure Iof Iproteins Iis Ifalse?
- Most Iproteins Iconsist Iof Itwo Iamino Iacid Ipolymers Iattached Itogether Iby Ihydrogen
3) A Igenome Ican Ibe Ibest Idescribed Ias Ibonding.
- the IDNA Iin Iall Ichromosomes Iin Ia Icell.
16) Which Iis Ia Istructural Ifeature Ishared Iby IDNA, IRNA, Iand Iproteins?
4) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Ithe Ifunction Iof IDNA Iand Ithe Ifunction Iof Iproteins?
- DNA Istores Igenetic Iinformation Iand Iproteins Iperform Imost Icellular Ifunctions. - The Iorder Iof Imonomers Iis Iimportant Ifor Ifunction.
5) Which Istatement Isupports Ithe Itheory Ithat Iall Iorganisms Iare Irelated? 17) A Isegment Iof Ia Iprotein Ihas Ithe Iamino Iacid Isequence ISer—Gly—Leu. IIs Iit Ipossible
ItoIinfer Ithe Isequence Iof Ithe IRNA Ithat Iencodes Ithis Iamino Iacid Isequence?
- The Igenetic Icode Iis Ialmost Iuniversal.
6) New Igenes Iare Ithought Ito Iarise Iby Iwhich Imechanism?
- Gene Iduplication Ifollowed Iby Idivergence Idue Ito Imutation.
7) What Iis Ithe Imost Ilikely Iway Ia Imutation Iin Ione Igene Ican Iconvert Ione Ibody Ipart Ito
Ianother?
- The Imutated Igene Iencodes Ia Iprotein Ithat Iaffects Ithe Iexpression Iof Imany Iother
genes.
8) A Irecent Itechnical Iadvancement Ithat Ihas Iaccelerated Ithe Istudy Iof Igenomes Iis Ithe
IabilityIto
- sequence Ilarge Icomplex Igenomes Irapidly Iand Iinexpensively.
9) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Igenetic Idissection Iand Igenome Isequencing?
- Genetic Idissection Ireveals Iinformation Iabout Ione Igene Iat Ia Itime Iand
IgenomeIsequencing Ireveals Iinformation Iabout Iall Ithe Igenes Iin Ia Igenome Iat Ionce.
10) Currently, Iwhat Iinformation Ican Ibe Iobtained Ifrom Isequencing Ian Iindividual's Igenome?
- Information Iabout Igene Ivariants Ithat Ipredispose Ia Iperson Ito Ia Idisease, Isuch No; Imore Ithan Ione Itype Iof IRNA I(more Ithan Ione Ibase Isequence) Icould Iencode Ithis
I asIcancer. IaminoIacid Isequence.
11) Which Iis Inot Ia Ipotential Iproblem Iof Iallowing Ithe Igenomic Isequences Iof Iindividuals
ItoIbecome Iwidely Iavailable?
- Advances Ileading Ito Ihealthier Ilives Ifor Isome Ipeople.
,18) A Isequence Iof Ibases Iin Ithe Imiddle Iof Ian IRNA Iused Ito Iencode Ia Ipolypeptide Ihas Ithe 21)A Isequence Iof Iamino Iacids Ifound Iin Ia Isubunit Iof Ithe IATP Isynthase Ienzyme Iin Iseveral
Isequence IUUA—AUG—CGU. IIs Iit Ipossible Ito Iinfer Ithe Isequence Iof Ithe Iamino Iacids Iencoded Ispecies Iis Ishown Ibelow. IWhich Iamino Iacids Iare Ilikely Ito Ibe Imost Iimportant Ito Ithe Ifunction
Iby Ithis IRNA? Iof IATP Isynthase?
- Those Ithat Iare Ishaded Idark Iblue Ibecause Ithe Iamino Iacids Iare Iidentical Ibetween
Ispecies.
22) The Ifunction Iof Ia Isingle Ifruit Ifly Igene Iwas Iinactivated Icompletely Iby Imutation. IA Ifruit
IflyIwith Ithis Imutation Idid Inot Ihave Ilegs. IWhich Iis Ia Ireasonable Iconclusion Ito Imake Ibased Ion
Ithis Iinformation?
- The Inormal Igene Ifunction Iis Irequired Ifor Ileg Iformation Iin Ifruit Iflies.
23) Galactosemia Iis Ia Imetabolic Idisorder Icharacterized Iby Ithe Iinability Ito Imetabolize
ItheIsugar Igalactose. IPeople Iwith Igalactosemia Isuffer Ifrom Iliver, Ikidney, Iand Ibrain
Idamage Iamong Iother Isymptoms. IA Igene Imutation Iunderlying Igalactosemia Iwas
Iidentified Iby Isequencing Ithe Igenome Iof Ia Iperson Iwith Igalactosemia. IWhat Iadditional
Ievidence Iwould Isupport Ithe Ihypothesis Ithat Ithe Imutation Iin Ithe Icandidate Igene Icauses
- Yes, Ithe Isequence Iis ILeu—Met—Arg.
Ithe Idisease?
- Sequencing Ithe Igenomes Ifrom Iunrelated Ipeople Iwith Igalactosemia Iand Idiscovering
19) Mutation Iof Ia Imouse Igene Iresults Iin Imice Ithat Ilack Iheart Imuscle. IWhat Icharacteristic
Ithat Ithey Ialso Ihave Imutations Iin Ithe Icandidate Igene.
Iwould Iyou Iexpect Ito Ifind Iin Ia Ihuman Igene Ithat Ihas Ia Icommon Iorigin Iwith Ithis Imouse
Igene?
Brooker
- The Ihuman Iand Imouse Igenes Iwill Ispecify Iproteins Iwith Isimilar Iamino
Chapter I1 I Overview Iof IGenetics
IacidIsequences.
1) The Ibasic Iunit Iof Iheredity Iis Ithe .
20) A Imouse Igene Iwas Iidentified Iand Idetermined Ito Ibe Irequired Ifor Iformation Iof Iheart
- gene
Imuscle. IA Igene Iwith Ia Isimilar Isequence Iwas Iidentified Iin Ithe Ihuman Igenome. IWhat
Iexperiment Icould Iscientists Ido Ito Idetermine Iif Ithe Imouse Iand Ihuman Igenes Ihave
IsimilarIfunctions?
2) A Ivariation Iof Ia Igene Iis Icalled Ia(n) .
- The Iscientist Icould Iplace Ithe Inormal Ihuman Igene Iinto Imutant Imice Ito Isee Iif
- allele
IheartImuscle Iforms Iin Ithe Imouse.
3) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iacts Ito Iaccelerate Ichemical Ireactions Iin Ia Icell?
- Enzymes
,4) The Ibuilding Iblocks Iof IDNA Iare Ithe . 16) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iregarding Inatural
- nucleotides Iselection?IIt Iis Ibased Ion Icompetition Ifor Iresources
Beneficial Itraits Iare Ipassed Ion Ito Ithe Inext Igeneration
5) If Ia Icarbohydrate Iis Igoing Ito Ibe Ibroken Idown Ifor Ienergy, Iwhich Iof Ithe It Ienables Ia Ispecies Ito Ibecome Ibetter Iadapted Ito Iits Ienvironment
IfollowingImolecules Iwould Ibe Idirectly Iinvolved Iin Ithe Ibreakdown? IIt Imay Idrastically Ichange Ia Ispecies Iover Itime
- Catabolic Ienzymes All Ithe Ianswers Iare Icorrect
6) RNA Iis Iformed Iby Ithe Iprocess Iof . 17) I is Ithe Iuse Iof Ia Igene Isequence Ito Isynthesize Ia Ifunctional Iprotein.
- transcription - Gene Iexpression
7) A Icharacteristic Ithat Ian Iorganism Idisplays Iis Icalled . 18) The Idifferences Iin Iinherited Itraits Iamong Iindividuals Iin Ia Ipopulation Iare Icalled .
- genetic Ivariation
- a Itrait
8) If Ia Igeneticist Iis Istudying Ithe Iprevalence Iof Ia Itrait Iin Ia Ispecies, Ithey Iare Iat Ithe I I 19) Three Ipopulations Iof Ian Iorganism, Ieach Iwith Idrastically Idifferent Iexternal
Ilevel Iof Istudy. Imarkings,Ibut Istill Imembers Iof Ithe Isame Ispecies, Iwould Ibe Icalled .
- population - morphs
9) The Istudy Iof Ithe Iprocesses Iof Itranscription Iand Itranslation Iis Iat Ithe level Iof
Ibiological Iorganization. 20) The Ichanges Iin Ithe Igenetic Imakeup Iof Ia Ipopulation Iover Itime Iis Icalled .
- molecular - biological Ievolution
10) Alternate Iversions Iof Ia Ispecific Igene Iare Icalled .
21) Change Iin Ia Ipopulation Iover Itime Iis Icalled Ibiological Ievolution.
- alleles - Answer: I TRUE
11) Genetic Ivariation Iis Iultimately Ibased Iupon Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? 22) Gene Iexpression Iinvolves Ithe Iprocess Iof Itranscription Iand Itranslation.
- Small Ivariations Iin Inucleotide Isequence Iof Ithe IDNA - Answer: I TRUE
12) A Ispecies Ithat Icontains Itwo Icopies Iof Ieach Ichromosome Iis Icalled . 23) Sexual Ireproduction Idecreases Ithe Igenetic Ivariation Iof Ia Ispecies.
- diploid - Answer: I FALSE
13) A Icell Ithat Imakes Iup Ithe Ibody Istructure Iof Ian Iorganism Iand Iis Idiploid Iis . 24) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istudies Ithe Ieffects Iof Iloss-of-function Imutations?
- a Isomatic Icell - Molecular Igenetics
14) In Imany I organisms, Ione Iset Iof Ichromosomes Icomes Ifrom Ithe Imaternal Iparent, Iwhile 25) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iuses Ia Igenetic Icross Ito Idetermine Ipatterns Iof Iinheritance?
Ithe Iother Iset Icomes Ifrom Ithe Ipaternal Iparent. ISimilar Ichromosomes Iin Ithese Isets Iare Isaid
- Transmission Igenetics
ItoIbe .
- homologs
26) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istudies Ithe Irelationship Ibetween Igenetic Ivariation Iand Ithe Ienvironment?
15) In Ihumans, Igametes Iare Idifferent Ithan Iother Icells Iof Ithe Ibody Iin Ithat Ithey Iare .
- Population Igenetics
- haploid
27) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibegan Iwith Ithe Iwork Iof IGregor IMendel Iin Ithe I19th Icentury?
- Transmission Igenetics
, 28) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istudies Ihow Ithe Iforces Iof Inature Ihave Iinfluenced Ithe Ispread (Hartwell)
IofItraits? Chapter I2 I Mendel's IPrinciples Iof IHeredity
- Population Igenetics
1) Why Idid IMendel Iperform Ireciprocal Icrosses?
- To Idetermine Iwhether Ithe Iinheritance Iof Ia Itrait Idepends Ion Iwhich Iparent Icarries Ithe Itrait.
29) I influence Ithe Iphysical Iappearance Iof Ian Iorganism.
- Morphological Itraits 2) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Icross- Iand Iself-fertilization?
- In Icross-fertilization Ithe Ipollen Ifrom Ione Iplant Iis Iused Ito Ifertilize Ithe Iegg Iof Ianother
30) DNA Istores Ithe Iinformation Ineeded Ifor Ithe Isynthesis Iof Icellular . plant.
- proteins
3) What Iis Ithe Ioutcome Iof Icrossing Itwo Ipure-breeding Iplants Iwith Iantagonistic Itraits?
31) Both Igenes Iand Ithe influence Ithe Itraits Iof Ian Iorganism. - Only Ione Iof Ithe Itraits Iwill Ibe Iseen Iin Ithe Iprogeny.
- environment
32) The Iclass Iof Imacromolecules Ithat Iare Iprimarily Iresponsible Ifor Icatabolic Iand Ianabolic 4) According Ito IMendel's ILaw Iof IIndependent IAssortment,
IactivitiesIin Ia Icell Iare
- alleles Iof Igenes Ion Idifferent Ichromosomes Iassort Irandomly Iinto Idifferent Igametes.
- proteins. 5) An ISs I× ISs Imating Iis Iperformed. IIf Ithe Iphenotypic Iratio Iof Ithe Iprogeny Iis I3 IS– I(– Iindicates Ithat
Ithe Iother Iallele Iis Iunknown) Ito I1 Iss, Ithen
33) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Ihypothesis Itesting Iand Idiscovery-based Iresearch? - the IS Iallele Iis Idominant Ito Ithe Is Iallele.
- Hypotheses Ican Ibe Ivalidated Ior Iinvalidated Iwhile Idiscovery-based Iresearch Irelies
Imore Ion Icollection Iand Ianalysis Iof Idata Iwithout Ia Ihypothesis. 6) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iprobabilities Iis Icorrect Iregarding Ia Imating Iof Ian ISs IRR Iindividual Ito Ian
Iindividual Iwho Iis ISs IRr I? I(A I– Iindicates Ithe Ithe Isecond Iallele Iis Ieither Idominant Ior Irecessive.)
34) A Iscientist Iobserves Itwo Inew Ibirds Ithat Iappear Ito Ibe Imorphologically Isimilar. IIn - IS– IRR: I37.5%
IorderIto Iexplain Ithese Iobservations, Iwhich Istrategy Ishould Ithe Iscientist Iemploy Ias Ia Ifirst
Istep? 7)
- Propose Ia Ihypothesis
What Idoes Ithe Ipattern Iof Iinheritance Iin Ithis Ipedigree Iindicate Iabout Ithe Idisease Iallele?
- The Idisease Iallele Iis Irecessive.
8) The Imutations Ifound Iin Ithe ICF Igene Ithat Iresult Iin Icystic Ifibrosis Iare Irecessive Ibecause
- the Iprotein Iproduced Iby Ithe Inormal Iallele Iis Isufficient Ifor Inormal Icellular Ifunction.
I I I I I I
12) One Istrand Iof IDNA Ihas Ithe Isequence I5′ IGGTCTA I3′. IWhat Iis Ithe Isequence Iof Ithe
IotherIstrand?
Hartwell Test Bank
I I I
- 5′ ITAGACC I3′
13) Which Istatement Iis Itrue Iabout Ithe Istructure Iof IDNA?
Hartwell - The Itwo Istrands Iof Ia IDNA Imolecule Iare Iheld Itogether Iby Ibase Ipairing.
Chapter I1 I Genetics: IThe IStudy Iof IBiological IInformation
14) The Isize Iof Ithe Imouse I(M. Imusculus) Igenome Iis I2700 Imegabases I(Mb) Iand Iit
1) How Idoes IDNA Istructure Irelate Ito Iits Ifunction? Icontains Iabout I25,000 Igenes Iarranged Ion I40 Ichromosomes. IIf Ithe Igenes Iare Ievenly
- The Iorder Iof Inucleotides Iin Ia IDNA Istrand Ispecifies Ithe Iorder Iof Iamino Iacids Iin Idistributed Ion Ichromosomes Iin Ithe Imouse, Iwhat Iis Ithe Iaverage Inumber Iof Igenes Iper
IaIprotein. Ichromosome?
- I625
2) What Iis Ia Idifference Ibetween Ithe Istructure Iof IDNA Iand Iproteins?
- DNA Iis Icomposed Iof Inucleotides Iand Iproteins Iare Icomposed Iof Iamino Iacids. 15) Which Istatement Iabout Ithe Istructure Iof Iproteins Iis Ifalse?
- Most Iproteins Iconsist Iof Itwo Iamino Iacid Ipolymers Iattached Itogether Iby Ihydrogen
3) A Igenome Ican Ibe Ibest Idescribed Ias Ibonding.
- the IDNA Iin Iall Ichromosomes Iin Ia Icell.
16) Which Iis Ia Istructural Ifeature Ishared Iby IDNA, IRNA, Iand Iproteins?
4) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Ithe Ifunction Iof IDNA Iand Ithe Ifunction Iof Iproteins?
- DNA Istores Igenetic Iinformation Iand Iproteins Iperform Imost Icellular Ifunctions. - The Iorder Iof Imonomers Iis Iimportant Ifor Ifunction.
5) Which Istatement Isupports Ithe Itheory Ithat Iall Iorganisms Iare Irelated? 17) A Isegment Iof Ia Iprotein Ihas Ithe Iamino Iacid Isequence ISer—Gly—Leu. IIs Iit Ipossible
ItoIinfer Ithe Isequence Iof Ithe IRNA Ithat Iencodes Ithis Iamino Iacid Isequence?
- The Igenetic Icode Iis Ialmost Iuniversal.
6) New Igenes Iare Ithought Ito Iarise Iby Iwhich Imechanism?
- Gene Iduplication Ifollowed Iby Idivergence Idue Ito Imutation.
7) What Iis Ithe Imost Ilikely Iway Ia Imutation Iin Ione Igene Ican Iconvert Ione Ibody Ipart Ito
Ianother?
- The Imutated Igene Iencodes Ia Iprotein Ithat Iaffects Ithe Iexpression Iof Imany Iother
genes.
8) A Irecent Itechnical Iadvancement Ithat Ihas Iaccelerated Ithe Istudy Iof Igenomes Iis Ithe
IabilityIto
- sequence Ilarge Icomplex Igenomes Irapidly Iand Iinexpensively.
9) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Igenetic Idissection Iand Igenome Isequencing?
- Genetic Idissection Ireveals Iinformation Iabout Ione Igene Iat Ia Itime Iand
IgenomeIsequencing Ireveals Iinformation Iabout Iall Ithe Igenes Iin Ia Igenome Iat Ionce.
10) Currently, Iwhat Iinformation Ican Ibe Iobtained Ifrom Isequencing Ian Iindividual's Igenome?
- Information Iabout Igene Ivariants Ithat Ipredispose Ia Iperson Ito Ia Idisease, Isuch No; Imore Ithan Ione Itype Iof IRNA I(more Ithan Ione Ibase Isequence) Icould Iencode Ithis
I asIcancer. IaminoIacid Isequence.
11) Which Iis Inot Ia Ipotential Iproblem Iof Iallowing Ithe Igenomic Isequences Iof Iindividuals
ItoIbecome Iwidely Iavailable?
- Advances Ileading Ito Ihealthier Ilives Ifor Isome Ipeople.
,18) A Isequence Iof Ibases Iin Ithe Imiddle Iof Ian IRNA Iused Ito Iencode Ia Ipolypeptide Ihas Ithe 21)A Isequence Iof Iamino Iacids Ifound Iin Ia Isubunit Iof Ithe IATP Isynthase Ienzyme Iin Iseveral
Isequence IUUA—AUG—CGU. IIs Iit Ipossible Ito Iinfer Ithe Isequence Iof Ithe Iamino Iacids Iencoded Ispecies Iis Ishown Ibelow. IWhich Iamino Iacids Iare Ilikely Ito Ibe Imost Iimportant Ito Ithe Ifunction
Iby Ithis IRNA? Iof IATP Isynthase?
- Those Ithat Iare Ishaded Idark Iblue Ibecause Ithe Iamino Iacids Iare Iidentical Ibetween
Ispecies.
22) The Ifunction Iof Ia Isingle Ifruit Ifly Igene Iwas Iinactivated Icompletely Iby Imutation. IA Ifruit
IflyIwith Ithis Imutation Idid Inot Ihave Ilegs. IWhich Iis Ia Ireasonable Iconclusion Ito Imake Ibased Ion
Ithis Iinformation?
- The Inormal Igene Ifunction Iis Irequired Ifor Ileg Iformation Iin Ifruit Iflies.
23) Galactosemia Iis Ia Imetabolic Idisorder Icharacterized Iby Ithe Iinability Ito Imetabolize
ItheIsugar Igalactose. IPeople Iwith Igalactosemia Isuffer Ifrom Iliver, Ikidney, Iand Ibrain
Idamage Iamong Iother Isymptoms. IA Igene Imutation Iunderlying Igalactosemia Iwas
Iidentified Iby Isequencing Ithe Igenome Iof Ia Iperson Iwith Igalactosemia. IWhat Iadditional
Ievidence Iwould Isupport Ithe Ihypothesis Ithat Ithe Imutation Iin Ithe Icandidate Igene Icauses
- Yes, Ithe Isequence Iis ILeu—Met—Arg.
Ithe Idisease?
- Sequencing Ithe Igenomes Ifrom Iunrelated Ipeople Iwith Igalactosemia Iand Idiscovering
19) Mutation Iof Ia Imouse Igene Iresults Iin Imice Ithat Ilack Iheart Imuscle. IWhat Icharacteristic
Ithat Ithey Ialso Ihave Imutations Iin Ithe Icandidate Igene.
Iwould Iyou Iexpect Ito Ifind Iin Ia Ihuman Igene Ithat Ihas Ia Icommon Iorigin Iwith Ithis Imouse
Igene?
Brooker
- The Ihuman Iand Imouse Igenes Iwill Ispecify Iproteins Iwith Isimilar Iamino
Chapter I1 I Overview Iof IGenetics
IacidIsequences.
1) The Ibasic Iunit Iof Iheredity Iis Ithe .
20) A Imouse Igene Iwas Iidentified Iand Idetermined Ito Ibe Irequired Ifor Iformation Iof Iheart
- gene
Imuscle. IA Igene Iwith Ia Isimilar Isequence Iwas Iidentified Iin Ithe Ihuman Igenome. IWhat
Iexperiment Icould Iscientists Ido Ito Idetermine Iif Ithe Imouse Iand Ihuman Igenes Ihave
IsimilarIfunctions?
2) A Ivariation Iof Ia Igene Iis Icalled Ia(n) .
- The Iscientist Icould Iplace Ithe Inormal Ihuman Igene Iinto Imutant Imice Ito Isee Iif
- allele
IheartImuscle Iforms Iin Ithe Imouse.
3) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iacts Ito Iaccelerate Ichemical Ireactions Iin Ia Icell?
- Enzymes
,4) The Ibuilding Iblocks Iof IDNA Iare Ithe . 16) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iis Icorrect Iregarding Inatural
- nucleotides Iselection?IIt Iis Ibased Ion Icompetition Ifor Iresources
Beneficial Itraits Iare Ipassed Ion Ito Ithe Inext Igeneration
5) If Ia Icarbohydrate Iis Igoing Ito Ibe Ibroken Idown Ifor Ienergy, Iwhich Iof Ithe It Ienables Ia Ispecies Ito Ibecome Ibetter Iadapted Ito Iits Ienvironment
IfollowingImolecules Iwould Ibe Idirectly Iinvolved Iin Ithe Ibreakdown? IIt Imay Idrastically Ichange Ia Ispecies Iover Itime
- Catabolic Ienzymes All Ithe Ianswers Iare Icorrect
6) RNA Iis Iformed Iby Ithe Iprocess Iof . 17) I is Ithe Iuse Iof Ia Igene Isequence Ito Isynthesize Ia Ifunctional Iprotein.
- transcription - Gene Iexpression
7) A Icharacteristic Ithat Ian Iorganism Idisplays Iis Icalled . 18) The Idifferences Iin Iinherited Itraits Iamong Iindividuals Iin Ia Ipopulation Iare Icalled .
- genetic Ivariation
- a Itrait
8) If Ia Igeneticist Iis Istudying Ithe Iprevalence Iof Ia Itrait Iin Ia Ispecies, Ithey Iare Iat Ithe I I 19) Three Ipopulations Iof Ian Iorganism, Ieach Iwith Idrastically Idifferent Iexternal
Ilevel Iof Istudy. Imarkings,Ibut Istill Imembers Iof Ithe Isame Ispecies, Iwould Ibe Icalled .
- population - morphs
9) The Istudy Iof Ithe Iprocesses Iof Itranscription Iand Itranslation Iis Iat Ithe level Iof
Ibiological Iorganization. 20) The Ichanges Iin Ithe Igenetic Imakeup Iof Ia Ipopulation Iover Itime Iis Icalled .
- molecular - biological Ievolution
10) Alternate Iversions Iof Ia Ispecific Igene Iare Icalled .
21) Change Iin Ia Ipopulation Iover Itime Iis Icalled Ibiological Ievolution.
- alleles - Answer: I TRUE
11) Genetic Ivariation Iis Iultimately Ibased Iupon Iwhich Iof Ithe Ifollowing? 22) Gene Iexpression Iinvolves Ithe Iprocess Iof Itranscription Iand Itranslation.
- Small Ivariations Iin Inucleotide Isequence Iof Ithe IDNA - Answer: I TRUE
12) A Ispecies Ithat Icontains Itwo Icopies Iof Ieach Ichromosome Iis Icalled . 23) Sexual Ireproduction Idecreases Ithe Igenetic Ivariation Iof Ia Ispecies.
- diploid - Answer: I FALSE
13) A Icell Ithat Imakes Iup Ithe Ibody Istructure Iof Ian Iorganism Iand Iis Idiploid Iis . 24) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istudies Ithe Ieffects Iof Iloss-of-function Imutations?
- a Isomatic Icell - Molecular Igenetics
14) In Imany I organisms, Ione Iset Iof Ichromosomes Icomes Ifrom Ithe Imaternal Iparent, Iwhile 25) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iuses Ia Igenetic Icross Ito Idetermine Ipatterns Iof Iinheritance?
Ithe Iother Iset Icomes Ifrom Ithe Ipaternal Iparent. ISimilar Ichromosomes Iin Ithese Isets Iare Isaid
- Transmission Igenetics
ItoIbe .
- homologs
26) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istudies Ithe Irelationship Ibetween Igenetic Ivariation Iand Ithe Ienvironment?
15) In Ihumans, Igametes Iare Idifferent Ithan Iother Icells Iof Ithe Ibody Iin Ithat Ithey Iare .
- Population Igenetics
- haploid
27) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Ibegan Iwith Ithe Iwork Iof IGregor IMendel Iin Ithe I19th Icentury?
- Transmission Igenetics
, 28) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Istudies Ihow Ithe Iforces Iof Inature Ihave Iinfluenced Ithe Ispread (Hartwell)
IofItraits? Chapter I2 I Mendel's IPrinciples Iof IHeredity
- Population Igenetics
1) Why Idid IMendel Iperform Ireciprocal Icrosses?
- To Idetermine Iwhether Ithe Iinheritance Iof Ia Itrait Idepends Ion Iwhich Iparent Icarries Ithe Itrait.
29) I influence Ithe Iphysical Iappearance Iof Ian Iorganism.
- Morphological Itraits 2) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Icross- Iand Iself-fertilization?
- In Icross-fertilization Ithe Ipollen Ifrom Ione Iplant Iis Iused Ito Ifertilize Ithe Iegg Iof Ianother
30) DNA Istores Ithe Iinformation Ineeded Ifor Ithe Isynthesis Iof Icellular . plant.
- proteins
3) What Iis Ithe Ioutcome Iof Icrossing Itwo Ipure-breeding Iplants Iwith Iantagonistic Itraits?
31) Both Igenes Iand Ithe influence Ithe Itraits Iof Ian Iorganism. - Only Ione Iof Ithe Itraits Iwill Ibe Iseen Iin Ithe Iprogeny.
- environment
32) The Iclass Iof Imacromolecules Ithat Iare Iprimarily Iresponsible Ifor Icatabolic Iand Ianabolic 4) According Ito IMendel's ILaw Iof IIndependent IAssortment,
IactivitiesIin Ia Icell Iare
- alleles Iof Igenes Ion Idifferent Ichromosomes Iassort Irandomly Iinto Idifferent Igametes.
- proteins. 5) An ISs I× ISs Imating Iis Iperformed. IIf Ithe Iphenotypic Iratio Iof Ithe Iprogeny Iis I3 IS– I(– Iindicates Ithat
Ithe Iother Iallele Iis Iunknown) Ito I1 Iss, Ithen
33) What Iis Ithe Idifference Ibetween Ihypothesis Itesting Iand Idiscovery-based Iresearch? - the IS Iallele Iis Idominant Ito Ithe Is Iallele.
- Hypotheses Ican Ibe Ivalidated Ior Iinvalidated Iwhile Idiscovery-based Iresearch Irelies
Imore Ion Icollection Iand Ianalysis Iof Idata Iwithout Ia Ihypothesis. 6) Which Iof Ithe Ifollowing Iprobabilities Iis Icorrect Iregarding Ia Imating Iof Ian ISs IRR Iindividual Ito Ian
Iindividual Iwho Iis ISs IRr I? I(A I– Iindicates Ithe Ithe Isecond Iallele Iis Ieither Idominant Ior Irecessive.)
34) A Iscientist Iobserves Itwo Inew Ibirds Ithat Iappear Ito Ibe Imorphologically Isimilar. IIn - IS– IRR: I37.5%
IorderIto Iexplain Ithese Iobservations, Iwhich Istrategy Ishould Ithe Iscientist Iemploy Ias Ia Ifirst
Istep? 7)
- Propose Ia Ihypothesis
What Idoes Ithe Ipattern Iof Iinheritance Iin Ithis Ipedigree Iindicate Iabout Ithe Idisease Iallele?
- The Idisease Iallele Iis Irecessive.
8) The Imutations Ifound Iin Ithe ICF Igene Ithat Iresult Iin Icystic Ifibrosis Iare Irecessive Ibecause
- the Iprotein Iproduced Iby Ithe Inormal Iallele Iis Isufficient Ifor Inormal Icellular Ifunction.
