CPPS 325 FINAL EXAM with correct answers |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are the 5 well-known enzyme-linked cell surface receptors?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase: produces
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cGMP
|\
2. RTK: phosphorylate tyrosine residues leading to association of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
signalling molecules and cascade |\ |\ |\
3. TK Associated Receptors: associate with proteins having TK
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
activity |\
4. Receptor Tyrosine Phosphates: Removes phosphate on tyrosine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
residues
|\ |\
5. Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinases: phosphorylate specific
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Serine/Threonine residues on IC signalling molecules |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How are RTK and TK Associated Receptors different? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔RTK phosphorylate tyrosine while associated |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
receptors bind/find proteins with TK activity to initiate the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cascade of signalling. |\ |\
What is the reciprocal of RTK? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Receptor
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Tyrosine Phosphatases. They take the phosphate off the tyrosine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
residues to inactivate signalling cascades.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Ex. Transforming GF Beta superfamily of receptors, cell type
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dependent.
What is the major mechanism for receptor signal transduction? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation |\ |\ |\ |\
,RTK vs. Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation ? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Tyrosine phosphorylation is rare (1%) relative to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
serine/threonine residue phosphorylation. Tyrosine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
phosphorylation is the major mechanism of receptor signal |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transduction.
What is the net effect of activated TKs? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Tyrosine phosphorylation on target proteins.|\ |\ |\ |\
What do TK pathways mediate? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cell
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
growth (growth factors), differentiation, host defense, metabolic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regulation, cell survival pathways (survival factors).
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are amplifiers of the TK pathways? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔PI3-K -> PIP3 |\ |\ |\
PLC -> DAG and InsP3&Ca2+
|\ |\ |\ |\
What are RTK mediated actions in the cell? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell motility,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
promotion of cell survival and modulation of cellular metabolism.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
TKs exist in either the cytosol or as transmembrane receptors,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what are the differences in the two types? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Cytosol receptors have an src N-terminal region. Cytosol has
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
no membrane spanning domain.
|\ |\ |\
,TM receptor has a single membrane spanning hydrophobic TM
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
domain. Ex) Epidermal GF RTK. |\ |\ |\ |\
What is src? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Src is a non-receptor TK, so
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
it does not span a membrane. It is a tyrosine kinase. And
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
although it is cytoplasmic TK it can still bind to activated RTKs.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What is contact inhibition confluency? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Stops Src domains signalling and therefore cells stop dividing.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
If there is an issue then cancer can result and mutation causes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
an inhibition of the stop signal so the cells keep growing and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dividing.
What are SH domains? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Src homology
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
domains. Src and other proteins that have src-homology domains
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
can bing to activated RTKs.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are the different SH domains in proteins? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔There are SH1, SH2 and SH3 domains. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What isSH1 domain characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Catalytic domain of a protein, for example the receptor. and it
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
has the kinase activity. It is responsible for phosphorylating
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tyrosine residues. |\
, What is SH2 domain characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Binds peptides with consensus (positional information on C-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
terminal side of the phosphorylated tyrosine).
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Very specific. |\ |\
Mediates protein-protein interactions in cellular signalling
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cascades. Very common in proteins outside the src family.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What do SH2 and SH3 domains have as a common funciton? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔They mediate protein-protein interactions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in cellular signalling cascades.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Very common in proteins outside the src family.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What is SH3 domain characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Interacts with proline-rich peptide targets (minimal |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
consensus). Mediate protien-protein interatctions in the cellular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
signalling cascade. Very common in proteins outside the src
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
family.
What are PTB domains? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔(Phosphotyrosine binding domain) |\ |\ |\
Bind to phosphorylated tyrosine. Functional equivalent of the SH2
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
domain, except for the positional informational. Is not the C-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
terminus like SH2, but the N-terminus side of the phosphorylated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tyrosine.
shc is a PTB protein.
|\ |\ |\ |\
What is the normal action that stops signalling for cell division in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the src pathway? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Contact Inhibition
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Confluency
What are the 5 well-known enzyme-linked cell surface receptors?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase: produces
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cGMP
|\
2. RTK: phosphorylate tyrosine residues leading to association of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
signalling molecules and cascade |\ |\ |\
3. TK Associated Receptors: associate with proteins having TK
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
activity |\
4. Receptor Tyrosine Phosphates: Removes phosphate on tyrosine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
residues
|\ |\
5. Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinases: phosphorylate specific
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Serine/Threonine residues on IC signalling molecules |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
How are RTK and TK Associated Receptors different? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔RTK phosphorylate tyrosine while associated |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
receptors bind/find proteins with TK activity to initiate the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cascade of signalling. |\ |\
What is the reciprocal of RTK? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Receptor
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Tyrosine Phosphatases. They take the phosphate off the tyrosine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
residues to inactivate signalling cascades.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Ex. Transforming GF Beta superfamily of receptors, cell type
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dependent.
What is the major mechanism for receptor signal transduction? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation |\ |\ |\ |\
,RTK vs. Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation ? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Tyrosine phosphorylation is rare (1%) relative to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
serine/threonine residue phosphorylation. Tyrosine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
phosphorylation is the major mechanism of receptor signal |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
transduction.
What is the net effect of activated TKs? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Tyrosine phosphorylation on target proteins.|\ |\ |\ |\
What do TK pathways mediate? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cell
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
growth (growth factors), differentiation, host defense, metabolic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regulation, cell survival pathways (survival factors).
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are amplifiers of the TK pathways? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔PI3-K -> PIP3 |\ |\ |\
PLC -> DAG and InsP3&Ca2+
|\ |\ |\ |\
What are RTK mediated actions in the cell? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell motility,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
promotion of cell survival and modulation of cellular metabolism.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
TKs exist in either the cytosol or as transmembrane receptors,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
what are the differences in the two types? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Cytosol receptors have an src N-terminal region. Cytosol has
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
no membrane spanning domain.
|\ |\ |\
,TM receptor has a single membrane spanning hydrophobic TM
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
domain. Ex) Epidermal GF RTK. |\ |\ |\ |\
What is src? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Src is a non-receptor TK, so
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
it does not span a membrane. It is a tyrosine kinase. And
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
although it is cytoplasmic TK it can still bind to activated RTKs.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What is contact inhibition confluency? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Stops Src domains signalling and therefore cells stop dividing.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
If there is an issue then cancer can result and mutation causes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
an inhibition of the stop signal so the cells keep growing and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dividing.
What are SH domains? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Src homology
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
domains. Src and other proteins that have src-homology domains
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
can bing to activated RTKs.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What are the different SH domains in proteins? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔There are SH1, SH2 and SH3 domains. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What isSH1 domain characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Catalytic domain of a protein, for example the receptor. and it
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
has the kinase activity. It is responsible for phosphorylating
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tyrosine residues. |\
, What is SH2 domain characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Binds peptides with consensus (positional information on C-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
terminal side of the phosphorylated tyrosine).
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Very specific. |\ |\
Mediates protein-protein interactions in cellular signalling
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cascades. Very common in proteins outside the src family.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What do SH2 and SH3 domains have as a common funciton? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔They mediate protein-protein interactions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in cellular signalling cascades.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Very common in proteins outside the src family.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What is SH3 domain characterized by? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔Interacts with proline-rich peptide targets (minimal |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
consensus). Mediate protien-protein interatctions in the cellular
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
signalling cascade. Very common in proteins outside the src
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
family.
What are PTB domains? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
✔✔(Phosphotyrosine binding domain) |\ |\ |\
Bind to phosphorylated tyrosine. Functional equivalent of the SH2
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
domain, except for the positional informational. Is not the C-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
terminus like SH2, but the N-terminus side of the phosphorylated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
tyrosine.
shc is a PTB protein.
|\ |\ |\ |\
What is the normal action that stops signalling for cell division in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the src pathway? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Contact Inhibition
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Confluency
