EECS 1520 Midterm 1 Test Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update

EECS 1520 Midterm 1 Test Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update abacus - Answers Finger powered pocket calculator (developed in Babylonia) Slide Rule - Answers William Oughtred; for converting units and replaced the electronic pocket calculator Wilhelm Schickard - Answers Mechanical calculator Blaise Pascal - Answers Decimal calculator; add and subtract by turning dials G.W.F. Leibniz - Answers Stepped Reckoner; full feature calculator Lebniz Wheel; for multiplication Jacquard Loom - Answers Used punch cards, patterns woven into textiles Punch cards later used to code computer programs Charles Babbage - Answers Pioneer of modern computing machine Difference Engine: used method of difference to calculate polynomials Analytical Engine: inspired by punch cards, used rods, gears, and powered by STEAM (never built) Ada Lovelace - Answers She is considered to be the first computer programmer. She wrote a computer language for the Analytical Engine. (Calculate Bernoulli's number) Babbage's Legacy - Answers Designed first general purpose computing device Ideas ahead of his time Completed the Difference Engine George Boole - Answers Boolean Algebra: laid logical foundations of digital computing circuitry and invariant theory - later used by Albert Einstein in the theory of relativity (true or false logic) Claude Shannon - Answers Application of Boolean logic Established principles for encoding info so reliably transmitted online The father of modern Information Age Alan Turing - Answers Broke code for enigma machine The Turing machine - Turing test for artificial intelligence Enigma Machine - Answers Priority for allies to break it as Germans believed it was unbreakable Alan Turing and his Colossus - Answers Constructed in Alec Tronic computing machine to help the decrypt German coded messages Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) - Answers Lacked the stored program mechanism Z3 - Answers First programmable Turing complete computer used telephone release switches instead of electronic vacuum tubes IBM Harvard mark one - Answers IBM automatic sequence controlled calculator (ASCC) Muchly and Eckert - Answers ENIAC Electoronic numerical integrator and computer is the first general purpose electronics digital computer ENIAC - Answers Used vacuum tubes to control the flow of electric signals however vacuum tubes were large prone to fail and generates lots of heat also used decimal internal coding John von Neumann - Answers Came up with the stored program concept, he published his ideas and designed the IAS (the Institute for advanced studies) machine which became operational Von Neumann Architecture - Answers Stored program, binary internal coding, - fetch decode execute instruction style