N677 Advanced Pharmacology Mid
Term Oral Exam
Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Neomycin, Streptomycin) ---"omycin" or
"amycin" - answer “IT IS A SIN ("mycin") TO GIVE"- BECAUSE IT IS TOXIC CAUSING
OTOTOXICITY & NEPHROTOXICITY
Major Contraindications: Hepatic Dysfunction, Renal Failure
Major Side Effects: ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, balance issues, possible permanent
deafness in older adults w/ hearing impairment, neuromuscular blockade,
hypersensitivity (rash, urticaria).
DD Interactions:
DF Interactions: Caffeine
AMINOGLYCOSIDES SIDE EFFECT ("omycin" or "amycin") - answer"SIN TO GIVE"
TOXIC SIDE EFFECTS
*OTOTOXICITY
*NEPHROTOXICITY
AMINOGLYCOSIDE TREATS WHAT IN PRIMARY CARE? - answer* OTITIS
EXTERNA
*UTI
*PNA/RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION
*CONJUNCTIVITIS
Lincosamides (Clindamycin, Licomycin)- CAN CAUSE PSEUDOMEMBRANEOUS
COLITIS - answerUsed for *serious infections such as sepsis (blood infection) and bone
infection.
Actions: Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, causing cell death.
Contraindications and Cautions
Use with caution in patients with liver or kidney problems which could interfere with the
metabolism and excretion.
Adverse Effects
*Severe GI reactions, including fatal *pseudomembranous colitis, bone marrow
suppression have occurred, limiting the usefulness.
, metabolized in the liver, excreted in the urine and feces.
Fluoroquinolones- Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin- Community Acquired Pneumonia w/
comorbidities - answer"IT IS A SIN ("acin") TO GIVE"- BECAUSE IT IS TOXIC
CAUSING OTOTOXICITY & NEPHROTOXICITY & QT PROLONGATION
BBW: tendinitis, tendon rupture, and worsening of myasthenia gravis (drooping eyelids,
difficulty swallowing, impaired speech, etc.)
Major Side Effects: QT PROLONGATION, Pregnancy/Breastfeeding, GI, Headache,
Rash, Dizziness
Major Contraindications: Liver Dysfunction, Epilepsy
Monitoring Paramenter:
DD Interactions: Warfarin
DF Interactions: Dairy
Fluoroquinolones Black Box Warning (BBW)- Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin -
answertendinitis, tendon rupture, and worsening of myasthenia gravis (drooping eyelids,
difficulty swallowing, impaired speech, etc.)
Tetracycline-Doxycycline, Minocycline --- "cycline" - answerMajor Side Effects: GI
irritation, effects on bone and teeth, superinfection, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity,
photosensitivity, Cause yelow/gray teeth
Major Contraindications: do not give to pregnant women or children before age 8 or
damage to tooth enamel occurs, Sensitivity to UV exposure
Monitoring Paramenter:
DD Interactions:
DF Interactions: Dairy
Penicillins- Ampicillin, Penicillin V K+ -- "cillin"- BROAD SPECTRUM - answerMajor
Side Effects: Anaphylaxis, rash, hives, angioedema, bronchospasm, Renal impairment,
Superinfection
Major Contraindications: Sensitivity to Penicillins/Cephalosporins
Monitoring Parameter:
Term Oral Exam
Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Neomycin, Streptomycin) ---"omycin" or
"amycin" - answer “IT IS A SIN ("mycin") TO GIVE"- BECAUSE IT IS TOXIC CAUSING
OTOTOXICITY & NEPHROTOXICITY
Major Contraindications: Hepatic Dysfunction, Renal Failure
Major Side Effects: ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, balance issues, possible permanent
deafness in older adults w/ hearing impairment, neuromuscular blockade,
hypersensitivity (rash, urticaria).
DD Interactions:
DF Interactions: Caffeine
AMINOGLYCOSIDES SIDE EFFECT ("omycin" or "amycin") - answer"SIN TO GIVE"
TOXIC SIDE EFFECTS
*OTOTOXICITY
*NEPHROTOXICITY
AMINOGLYCOSIDE TREATS WHAT IN PRIMARY CARE? - answer* OTITIS
EXTERNA
*UTI
*PNA/RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION
*CONJUNCTIVITIS
Lincosamides (Clindamycin, Licomycin)- CAN CAUSE PSEUDOMEMBRANEOUS
COLITIS - answerUsed for *serious infections such as sepsis (blood infection) and bone
infection.
Actions: Inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, causing cell death.
Contraindications and Cautions
Use with caution in patients with liver or kidney problems which could interfere with the
metabolism and excretion.
Adverse Effects
*Severe GI reactions, including fatal *pseudomembranous colitis, bone marrow
suppression have occurred, limiting the usefulness.
, metabolized in the liver, excreted in the urine and feces.
Fluoroquinolones- Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin- Community Acquired Pneumonia w/
comorbidities - answer"IT IS A SIN ("acin") TO GIVE"- BECAUSE IT IS TOXIC
CAUSING OTOTOXICITY & NEPHROTOXICITY & QT PROLONGATION
BBW: tendinitis, tendon rupture, and worsening of myasthenia gravis (drooping eyelids,
difficulty swallowing, impaired speech, etc.)
Major Side Effects: QT PROLONGATION, Pregnancy/Breastfeeding, GI, Headache,
Rash, Dizziness
Major Contraindications: Liver Dysfunction, Epilepsy
Monitoring Paramenter:
DD Interactions: Warfarin
DF Interactions: Dairy
Fluoroquinolones Black Box Warning (BBW)- Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin -
answertendinitis, tendon rupture, and worsening of myasthenia gravis (drooping eyelids,
difficulty swallowing, impaired speech, etc.)
Tetracycline-Doxycycline, Minocycline --- "cycline" - answerMajor Side Effects: GI
irritation, effects on bone and teeth, superinfection, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity,
photosensitivity, Cause yelow/gray teeth
Major Contraindications: do not give to pregnant women or children before age 8 or
damage to tooth enamel occurs, Sensitivity to UV exposure
Monitoring Paramenter:
DD Interactions:
DF Interactions: Dairy
Penicillins- Ampicillin, Penicillin V K+ -- "cillin"- BROAD SPECTRUM - answerMajor
Side Effects: Anaphylaxis, rash, hives, angioedema, bronchospasm, Renal impairment,
Superinfection
Major Contraindications: Sensitivity to Penicillins/Cephalosporins
Monitoring Parameter:
