Nursing 208 - Exam 2 || with 100% Correct Answers.
infection correct answers invasion of the body by microbes and the proliferation (growth in
numbers) of those microbes
virulence correct answers how strong the microbe is
incubation, prodromal, full stage of illness, convalescent correct answers stages of infection
incubation correct answers this stage of infection is the time between invasion and appearance of
infection - varies
prodromal correct answers this stage of infection is the early S&S of disease - may be contagious
and not aware - hours or days
full stage of illness correct answers this stage of infection is obviously ill, localized or systematic
convalescent correct answers this stage of infection is the recover period and S&S disappear
non specific immunity and specific immunity correct answers two types of body defenses
non-specific immunity correct answers this type of immunity protects against any microbe or
invader, primary line of defense (skin and mucous membranes)
dry correct answers you want the skin to be ________ to prevent microbe growth
skin - intact and dry
nose - cilia, mucus, turbinates
,mouth
eyes - tears, lashes, blinking
GI tract - hyperacidity
vagina - hyperacidity correct answers types of non-specific defense
inflammatory response correct answers mechanism dilutes invaders and/or destroys them as well
as promotes repair
pain, swelling, redness, heat (erythema), decrease function of the affected part correct answers
what are the 5 signs of inflammation
vascular/cellular response to injury, exudate, and reparative stage correct answers 3 stages to the
inflammatory process
vascular and cellular response to injury correct answers this stage of the inflammatory process
involves blood vessels initially constrict then vasodilate, thus increasing blood flow flooding the
area producing heat and redness - this dilutes the invaders causing swelling/pain
exudate stage correct answers this stage of the inflammatory process involves the fluid that
flooded the area, the dead tissue, and other products form a barrier around the area preventing the
spread of invaders
serous, sanguineous, purulent, or a mixture of types (serosanguinous, sero-purulent, euro-
sanguineous) correct answers types of exudates in the inflammatory process
serous correct answers this type of exudate fluid is mostly clear portion of blood, watery and has
few cells (fluid in blisters)
sanguineous correct answers this type of exudate fluid contains large amounts of blood cells,
indicating capillary damage (determines if it is new-bright and old-dark)
,purulent correct answers this type of exudate fluid is thicker than serous, contains leukocytes,
liquified tissue, dead and living invaders, and debris - can be different colors
serosanguinous correct answers this type of mixture of exudate fluid is a mix of clear and bloody
drainage
sero-purulent correct answers this type of mixture of exudate fluid is a mix of clear and purulent
puro-sanguineous correct answers this type of mixture of exudate fluid is a mixture of purulent
and blood drainage - new wounds that are infected
reparative correct answers this stage of the inflammatory process involves the tissue being
repaired or regenerated (if it cant be regenerated, scar tissue is formed)
specific immunity correct answers this type of immunity protects against certain identifiable
bacteria or fungi, involves the immune system
antibody mediated and cell mediated defenses correct answers two components to the immune
system (specific immunity)
antibody mediated correct answers this type of specific immunity involves producing antibodies
(immunoglobulins) are produced in response to bacterial or viral infections
B cells correct answers antibodies are plasma proteins produced by _____ cells
IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE correct answers B cells produce 5 classes of
immunoglobulins/antibodies:
IgM correct answers this type of immunoglobulin indicates current infection
, IgG correct answers this type of immunoglobulin indicates past infection (can pass through the
placental barrier)
IgA correct answers this type of immunoglobulin protects against infections from mucous
membranes (saliva, mucus, tears, urine)
IgD correct answers this type of immunoglobulin is in the blood serum and plasma membrane of
B lymphocytes - function is unclear
IgE correct answers this type of immunoglobulin plays a role in regulating allergic reactions and
parasitic infections
cell-mediated defenses correct answers this type of specific immunity is when you are exposed to
an antigen, your lymphoid tissue releases T cells into circulation
cell mediated correct answers if this type of specific immunity is lost, as occurs with HIV, then
the body is defenseless against viral, bacterial, and fungal infections
active and passive correct answers two types of immunity
active immunity correct answers this type of immunity is protection provided by our own bodies
(natural and artificial)
artificial active immunity correct answers this type of active immunity involves antibodies
formed in response to vaccines given
natural active immunity correct answers this type active immunity involves antibodies formed in
response to an infection a person is exposed to
infection correct answers invasion of the body by microbes and the proliferation (growth in
numbers) of those microbes
virulence correct answers how strong the microbe is
incubation, prodromal, full stage of illness, convalescent correct answers stages of infection
incubation correct answers this stage of infection is the time between invasion and appearance of
infection - varies
prodromal correct answers this stage of infection is the early S&S of disease - may be contagious
and not aware - hours or days
full stage of illness correct answers this stage of infection is obviously ill, localized or systematic
convalescent correct answers this stage of infection is the recover period and S&S disappear
non specific immunity and specific immunity correct answers two types of body defenses
non-specific immunity correct answers this type of immunity protects against any microbe or
invader, primary line of defense (skin and mucous membranes)
dry correct answers you want the skin to be ________ to prevent microbe growth
skin - intact and dry
nose - cilia, mucus, turbinates
,mouth
eyes - tears, lashes, blinking
GI tract - hyperacidity
vagina - hyperacidity correct answers types of non-specific defense
inflammatory response correct answers mechanism dilutes invaders and/or destroys them as well
as promotes repair
pain, swelling, redness, heat (erythema), decrease function of the affected part correct answers
what are the 5 signs of inflammation
vascular/cellular response to injury, exudate, and reparative stage correct answers 3 stages to the
inflammatory process
vascular and cellular response to injury correct answers this stage of the inflammatory process
involves blood vessels initially constrict then vasodilate, thus increasing blood flow flooding the
area producing heat and redness - this dilutes the invaders causing swelling/pain
exudate stage correct answers this stage of the inflammatory process involves the fluid that
flooded the area, the dead tissue, and other products form a barrier around the area preventing the
spread of invaders
serous, sanguineous, purulent, or a mixture of types (serosanguinous, sero-purulent, euro-
sanguineous) correct answers types of exudates in the inflammatory process
serous correct answers this type of exudate fluid is mostly clear portion of blood, watery and has
few cells (fluid in blisters)
sanguineous correct answers this type of exudate fluid contains large amounts of blood cells,
indicating capillary damage (determines if it is new-bright and old-dark)
,purulent correct answers this type of exudate fluid is thicker than serous, contains leukocytes,
liquified tissue, dead and living invaders, and debris - can be different colors
serosanguinous correct answers this type of mixture of exudate fluid is a mix of clear and bloody
drainage
sero-purulent correct answers this type of mixture of exudate fluid is a mix of clear and purulent
puro-sanguineous correct answers this type of mixture of exudate fluid is a mixture of purulent
and blood drainage - new wounds that are infected
reparative correct answers this stage of the inflammatory process involves the tissue being
repaired or regenerated (if it cant be regenerated, scar tissue is formed)
specific immunity correct answers this type of immunity protects against certain identifiable
bacteria or fungi, involves the immune system
antibody mediated and cell mediated defenses correct answers two components to the immune
system (specific immunity)
antibody mediated correct answers this type of specific immunity involves producing antibodies
(immunoglobulins) are produced in response to bacterial or viral infections
B cells correct answers antibodies are plasma proteins produced by _____ cells
IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE correct answers B cells produce 5 classes of
immunoglobulins/antibodies:
IgM correct answers this type of immunoglobulin indicates current infection
, IgG correct answers this type of immunoglobulin indicates past infection (can pass through the
placental barrier)
IgA correct answers this type of immunoglobulin protects against infections from mucous
membranes (saliva, mucus, tears, urine)
IgD correct answers this type of immunoglobulin is in the blood serum and plasma membrane of
B lymphocytes - function is unclear
IgE correct answers this type of immunoglobulin plays a role in regulating allergic reactions and
parasitic infections
cell-mediated defenses correct answers this type of specific immunity is when you are exposed to
an antigen, your lymphoid tissue releases T cells into circulation
cell mediated correct answers if this type of specific immunity is lost, as occurs with HIV, then
the body is defenseless against viral, bacterial, and fungal infections
active and passive correct answers two types of immunity
active immunity correct answers this type of immunity is protection provided by our own bodies
(natural and artificial)
artificial active immunity correct answers this type of active immunity involves antibodies
formed in response to vaccines given
natural active immunity correct answers this type active immunity involves antibodies formed in
response to an infection a person is exposed to
