Nursing 208 test 3 || 100% Accurate Answers.
The nurse is instructing an unlicensed health care worker on the care of the client with HIV who
also has active genital herpes. Which statement by the health care worker indicates effective
teaching of standard precautions?A) ''I need to know my HIV status, so I must get tested before
caring for any clients."B) ''Putting on a gown and gloves will cover up the itchy sores on my
elbows.''C) ''Washing my hands and putting on a gown and gloves is what I must do before
starting care.''D) ''I will wash my hands before going into the room, and then put on gown and
gloves only for direct contact with the client's genitals." correct answers (C) ''Washing my hands
and putting on a gown and gloves is what I must do before starting care.''Rationale: Standard
precautions include whatever personal protective equipment (PPE) is necessary for the
prevention of transmission of HIV and genital herpes.
The nurse presents a seminar on HIV testing to a group of seniors and their caregivers in an
assisted living facility. Which responses fit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's
(CDC's) recommendations for HIV testing? (Select all that apply.)
A) ''I am 78 years old and I was treated and cured of syphilis many years ago.''
B) ''In 1986, I received a transfusion of platelets.''
C) ''Seven years ago, I was released from a penitentiary.''
D) ''I used to smoke marijuana 30 years ago, but I have not done any drugs since.''
E) ''I had sex with a man with a disreputable past from New York back in the late 1960s, but I
have been happily married since 1971.''F) ''At 68, I am going to get married for the fourth time.''
correct answers (A, C, F)A) ''I am 78 years old and I was treated and cured of syphilis many
years ago.''Rationale: People who have had sexually transmitted diseases should be tested for
HIV.C) ''Seven years ago, I was released from a penitentiary.''Rationale: HIV testing is
recommended for people who are or have been in jails or prisons.F) ''At 68, I am going to get
married for the fourth time.''Rationale: People who are planning to get married should be tested
for HIV.
The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with HIV. The patient asks what would
determine the actual development of AIDS. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that
what is a diagnostic criterion for AIDS?
A. Presence of HIV antibodie
B. CD4+ T cell count below 200/µL
,C. Presence of oral hairy leukoplakia
D. White blood cell count below 5000/µl correct answers B. CD4+ T cell count below
200/µLDiagnostic criteria for AIDS include a CD4+ T cell count below 200/µL and/or the
development of specified opportunistic infections, cancers, wasting syndrome, or dementia. The
other options may be found in patients with HIV disease but do not define the advancement of
HIV infection to AIDS.
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been living with HIV for several years. Which
assessment finding most clearly indicates an acute exacerbation of the disease?
A. A new onset of polycythemia
B. Presence of mononucleosis-like symptoms
C. A sharp decrease in the patient's CD4+ count
D. A sudden increase in the patient's WBC count correct answers C. A sharp decrease in the
patient's CD4+ countA decrease in CD4+ count signals an exacerbation of the severity of HIV.
Polycythemia is not characteristic of the course of HIV. A patient's WBC count is very unlikely
to suddenly increase, with decreases being typical. Mononucleosis-like symptoms such as
malaise, headache, and fatigue are typical of early HIV infection and seroconversion.
A pregnant woman who was tested and diagnosed with HIV infection is very upset. What should
the nurse teach this patient about her baby's risk of being born with HIV infection?
A. "The baby will probably be infected with HIV."
B. "Only an abortion will keep your baby from having HIV."
C. "Treatment with antiretroviral therapy will decrease the baby's chance of HIV infection."
D. "The duration and frequency of contact with the organism will determine if the baby gets HIV
infection. correct answers C. "Treatment with antiretroviral therapy will decrease the baby's
chance of HIV infection."On average, 25% of infants born to women with untreated HIV will be
born with HIV. The risk of transmission is reduced to less than 2% if the infected pregnant
woman is treated with antiretroviral therapy. Duration and frequency of contact with the HIV
organism is one variable that influences whether transmission of HIV occurs. Volume, virulence,
and concentration of the organism as well as host immune status are variables related to
transmission via blood, semen, vaginal secretions, or breast milk.
, A 25-year-old male patient has been diagnosed with HIV. The patient does not want to take more
than one antiretroviral drug. What reasons can the nurse tell the patient about for taking more
than one drug?
A. Together they will cure HIV.
B. Viral replication will be inhibited.
C. They will decrease CD4+ T cell counts.
D. It will prevent interaction with other drugs correct answers B. Viral replication will be
inhibited. The major advantage of using several classes of antiretroviral drugs is that viral
replication can be inhibited in several ways, making it more difficult for the virus to recover and
decreasing the likelihood of drug resistance that is a major problem with monotherapy.
Combination therapy also delays disease progression and decreases HIV symptoms and
opportunistic diseases. HIV cannot be cured. CD4+ T cell counts increase with therapy. There are
dangerous interactions with many antiretroviral drugs and other commonly used drugs.
The woman is afraid she may get HIV from her bisexual husband. What should the nurse include
when teaching her about preexposure prophylaxis (select all that apply)?
A. Take fluconazole (Diflucan).
B. Take amphotericin B (Fungizone).
C. Use condoms for risk-reducing sexual relations.
D. Take emtricitabine and tenofovir (Truvada) regularly.
E. Have regular HIV testing for herself and her husband. correct answers C. Use condoms for
risk-reducing sexual relations.D. Take emtricitabine and tenofovir (Truvada) regularly.E. Have
regular HIV testing for herself and her husband.Using male or female condoms, having monthly
HIV testing for the patient and her husband, and the woman taking emtricitabine and tenofovir
regularly has shown to decrease the infection of heterosexual women having sex with a partner
who participates in high-risk behavior. Fluconazole and amphotericin B are taken for Candida
albicans, Coccidioides immitis, and Cryptococcosus neoformans, which are all opportunistic
diseases associate with HIV infection.
The nurse was accidently stuck with a needle used on an HIV-positive patient. After reporting
this, what care should this nurse first receive?
A. Personal protective equipment
B. Combination antiretroviral therapy
The nurse is instructing an unlicensed health care worker on the care of the client with HIV who
also has active genital herpes. Which statement by the health care worker indicates effective
teaching of standard precautions?A) ''I need to know my HIV status, so I must get tested before
caring for any clients."B) ''Putting on a gown and gloves will cover up the itchy sores on my
elbows.''C) ''Washing my hands and putting on a gown and gloves is what I must do before
starting care.''D) ''I will wash my hands before going into the room, and then put on gown and
gloves only for direct contact with the client's genitals." correct answers (C) ''Washing my hands
and putting on a gown and gloves is what I must do before starting care.''Rationale: Standard
precautions include whatever personal protective equipment (PPE) is necessary for the
prevention of transmission of HIV and genital herpes.
The nurse presents a seminar on HIV testing to a group of seniors and their caregivers in an
assisted living facility. Which responses fit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's
(CDC's) recommendations for HIV testing? (Select all that apply.)
A) ''I am 78 years old and I was treated and cured of syphilis many years ago.''
B) ''In 1986, I received a transfusion of platelets.''
C) ''Seven years ago, I was released from a penitentiary.''
D) ''I used to smoke marijuana 30 years ago, but I have not done any drugs since.''
E) ''I had sex with a man with a disreputable past from New York back in the late 1960s, but I
have been happily married since 1971.''F) ''At 68, I am going to get married for the fourth time.''
correct answers (A, C, F)A) ''I am 78 years old and I was treated and cured of syphilis many
years ago.''Rationale: People who have had sexually transmitted diseases should be tested for
HIV.C) ''Seven years ago, I was released from a penitentiary.''Rationale: HIV testing is
recommended for people who are or have been in jails or prisons.F) ''At 68, I am going to get
married for the fourth time.''Rationale: People who are planning to get married should be tested
for HIV.
The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with HIV. The patient asks what would
determine the actual development of AIDS. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that
what is a diagnostic criterion for AIDS?
A. Presence of HIV antibodie
B. CD4+ T cell count below 200/µL
,C. Presence of oral hairy leukoplakia
D. White blood cell count below 5000/µl correct answers B. CD4+ T cell count below
200/µLDiagnostic criteria for AIDS include a CD4+ T cell count below 200/µL and/or the
development of specified opportunistic infections, cancers, wasting syndrome, or dementia. The
other options may be found in patients with HIV disease but do not define the advancement of
HIV infection to AIDS.
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been living with HIV for several years. Which
assessment finding most clearly indicates an acute exacerbation of the disease?
A. A new onset of polycythemia
B. Presence of mononucleosis-like symptoms
C. A sharp decrease in the patient's CD4+ count
D. A sudden increase in the patient's WBC count correct answers C. A sharp decrease in the
patient's CD4+ countA decrease in CD4+ count signals an exacerbation of the severity of HIV.
Polycythemia is not characteristic of the course of HIV. A patient's WBC count is very unlikely
to suddenly increase, with decreases being typical. Mononucleosis-like symptoms such as
malaise, headache, and fatigue are typical of early HIV infection and seroconversion.
A pregnant woman who was tested and diagnosed with HIV infection is very upset. What should
the nurse teach this patient about her baby's risk of being born with HIV infection?
A. "The baby will probably be infected with HIV."
B. "Only an abortion will keep your baby from having HIV."
C. "Treatment with antiretroviral therapy will decrease the baby's chance of HIV infection."
D. "The duration and frequency of contact with the organism will determine if the baby gets HIV
infection. correct answers C. "Treatment with antiretroviral therapy will decrease the baby's
chance of HIV infection."On average, 25% of infants born to women with untreated HIV will be
born with HIV. The risk of transmission is reduced to less than 2% if the infected pregnant
woman is treated with antiretroviral therapy. Duration and frequency of contact with the HIV
organism is one variable that influences whether transmission of HIV occurs. Volume, virulence,
and concentration of the organism as well as host immune status are variables related to
transmission via blood, semen, vaginal secretions, or breast milk.
, A 25-year-old male patient has been diagnosed with HIV. The patient does not want to take more
than one antiretroviral drug. What reasons can the nurse tell the patient about for taking more
than one drug?
A. Together they will cure HIV.
B. Viral replication will be inhibited.
C. They will decrease CD4+ T cell counts.
D. It will prevent interaction with other drugs correct answers B. Viral replication will be
inhibited. The major advantage of using several classes of antiretroviral drugs is that viral
replication can be inhibited in several ways, making it more difficult for the virus to recover and
decreasing the likelihood of drug resistance that is a major problem with monotherapy.
Combination therapy also delays disease progression and decreases HIV symptoms and
opportunistic diseases. HIV cannot be cured. CD4+ T cell counts increase with therapy. There are
dangerous interactions with many antiretroviral drugs and other commonly used drugs.
The woman is afraid she may get HIV from her bisexual husband. What should the nurse include
when teaching her about preexposure prophylaxis (select all that apply)?
A. Take fluconazole (Diflucan).
B. Take amphotericin B (Fungizone).
C. Use condoms for risk-reducing sexual relations.
D. Take emtricitabine and tenofovir (Truvada) regularly.
E. Have regular HIV testing for herself and her husband. correct answers C. Use condoms for
risk-reducing sexual relations.D. Take emtricitabine and tenofovir (Truvada) regularly.E. Have
regular HIV testing for herself and her husband.Using male or female condoms, having monthly
HIV testing for the patient and her husband, and the woman taking emtricitabine and tenofovir
regularly has shown to decrease the infection of heterosexual women having sex with a partner
who participates in high-risk behavior. Fluconazole and amphotericin B are taken for Candida
albicans, Coccidioides immitis, and Cryptococcosus neoformans, which are all opportunistic
diseases associate with HIV infection.
The nurse was accidently stuck with a needle used on an HIV-positive patient. After reporting
this, what care should this nurse first receive?
A. Personal protective equipment
B. Combination antiretroviral therapy
