HSC 343 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update

HSC 343 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update What does the autonomic nervous system do? - Answers -controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glandular secretion -it is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems What does sympathetic system do? - Answers "fight-or-flight," expends energy, increase HR, dilates pupils and bronchi, decreases secretions What does the parasympathetic systems do? - Answers dominates at rest, conserves energy, decreases HR, increases tract functions, constricts pupils What are the neurons responsible for? - Answers autonomic neurotransmission Where do the presynaptic neurons lie? - Answers brain--ganglia Where do the postsynaptic neurons lie? - Answers ganglia-- effector organs What are processes involved in neurotransmission? - Answers -synthesis of neurotransmitters (NT) -packaging of NTs in presynaptic terminals -stimulation of presynaptic nerve/release of NT -diffusion of NT aacross synaptic cleft and binding to post-synaptic membrane -activation of the postsynaptic cell -degradation/ reuptake of the NT What neurotransmitters are important to the process? - Answers norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin and GABA What does the Alpha 1 receptor do? - Answers vasconstriction, decrease secretions, pupil dilation, decrease GI motility, urinary retention What does the Alpha 2 receptor do? - Answers decrease CNS sympathetic outflow, decrease NE release, decrease insulin release What does the Beta 1 receptor do? - Answers ^HR, CO, automaticity, contractility, ^renin secretion What does the Beta 2 receptor do? - Answers bronchial relaxation, uterine relaxation, vasodilation What does the Dopamine receptor do? - Answers increased HR and BP What signs and symptoms does a patient with high sympathetic tone have? - Answers -high HR, BP, blood glucose, alertness, air flow -constipation, big pupil, fluid retention What signs and symptoms does a patient with high parasympathetic tone have? - Answers low HR, diarrhea, bowel sounds, drooling, respiratory compromise, pinpoint pupil, sweating, runny nose What are the actions of Epinephrine? - Answers vasoconstriction, bronchodilation, ^HR, ^glucose, ^lipolysis, GI relaxation What is Epinephrine used for? - Answers cardiac stimulant, anaphylaxis, combined with local anesthetics What are the actions of Norepinephrine? - Answers ^vasoconstriction, will cause reflex, decrease HR What is Norepinephrine used for? - Answers septic shock What are the actions of Dopamine? - Answers works at receptors, low doses maintain good renal blood flow, higher doses ^BP, ^cardiac contractility What is Dopamine used for? - Answers shock What are the actions of Dobutamine? - Answers ^efficiency of heart beat B1: ^HR, contractility What is Dobutamine used for? - Answers a drug of choice for cardiac stimulation; emergency drug What are the actions of Phenylephrine? - Answers works on alpha receptors producing vasoconstriction, reflex decrease HR What is Phenlephrine used for? - Answers in cold meds, to dilate pupil What are the actions of Terbutaline? - Answers works on beta 2 receptors to cause bronchiolar and uterine relaxation What is Terbutaline used for? - Answers prevent asthma and suppress premature labor and delivery What are actions of Mirabegron? - Answers works on the beta3 receptor in the bladder to treat OAB, increases capacity What is Mirabegron used for? - Answers hypertension What are the actions of Amphetamines? - Answers heightened mood, decreased appetite What are Amphetamines used for? - Answers ADD and narcolepsy What are actions of Pseudoephedrine? - Answers vasocontriction (alpha 1) What is Pseudoephedrine used for? - Answers congestion and has fewer CNS effects What is Methamphetamine? - Answers a modified, long acting amphetamine-like drug that provides the user with elevated mood, insomnia, decreased appetite, high BP and high HR What are actions of Phenoxybenzamine? - Answers blocks alpha 1&2 receptors, vasodilation What is Phenoxybenzamine used for? - Answers pheochromocytoma, long acting, daily doses What are actions of Phentolamine? - Answers blocks alpha 1&2 receptors, vasodilation What is Phentolamine used for? - Answers shock, control of peripheral resistance, fast onset/offset