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One reason why the study of speech production addresses the subsystems
separately, and in sequential order, is this approach ____________ a
________ and ________ topic. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔simplifies, large, complex
Evidence to support the view that acoustic targets are the main variables
for speech comes from _________ in the speech of people with
___________. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔distortions, hearing impairment
What is one of the theoretical problems associated with the idea of motor
programs?
________ thousands of programs would need to be __________ for _____
the _______ we make. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔many, stored, all, movement
,The most basic unit of analysis for speech motor control is: Scientists
_________ on _________ single unit of measurement for control. - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔do not agree, one
Motor equivalence in speech motor control means that ___________ an
utterance more than once may involve subtle _________ in __________
movements. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔repeating, differences, articular
Clear speech typically includes __________ fundamental frequency
________. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔increased, variability
The speech signal is neither ________ nor ________. - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔invariant, linear
One type of quantal perception that occurs as we listen to speech is called
__________. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔categorical perception
In the McGurk effect, the __________ and/or _________ of articulation is
perceived to ________. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔place, manner, change
Top-down processing in the perception of speech involves using
_________, ________, and _________ cues. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔contextual,
linguistic, cognitive
,Which speech perception theory has been criticized as being so vague that
it is more of a philosophy than a theory or model? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔motor
theory
Perceptual magnets enhance ___________ between distinct __________.
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔differences, phonemes
Research with infants has shown that _________ language exposure
gradually _______ discrimination of ____________ speech features. - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔dominant, decreases, non native
4 features of the scientific method. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔empirical,
deterministic, predictive, parsimonious
Based on data. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔empirical
Obeys physical laws. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔deterministic
If you do this... then that will happen. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔predictive
Use the simplest explanation possible. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔parsimonious
Difference Limens ________ with stimulus frequency. - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔increase
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, Each __________ is a nonlinear step
Each step upward is bigger than the last (about 5.9% higher frequency than
the one before it).
When we're at the low end of the pitch range, we can hear differences
between frequencies that are really rather small—just a couple of Hz apart.
But as we get to the higher end, our difference limens are greater, and so
the increasing size in Hz of each semitone step as we go up actually
matches our auditory perceptual abilities quite nicely. - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔semitone
__________ frequency sounds must differ more to be heard as different in
pitch - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔higher
_______ semitones in one octave - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔12
No two semitones are physically identical (Hz) but semitones sound
___________ in step size. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔equal
Higher sampling rate gives better ___________. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔fidelity
Higher sampling rate requires _________ files.
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