NRS 3015 : EXAM 1 MATERIAL (OAKLAND
UNIVERISTY SCHOOL OF NURSING - NRS 3015 -
PROF ULREICH - SUMMER 2025 - EXAM 1
MATERIAL) WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
Define preoperative phase Answer - Begin: When the decision to proceed with
surgival intervention is made
End: when patient is transferred to OR table
Define Intraoperative phase Answer - Begin: when patient is transferred to OR
table
Ends: with admission to PACU
Define postoperative phase Answer - Begins: admission to PACU
Ends: follow up evaluaitaon in the clinical setting or home
Types of surgical classification Answer - 1. Reconstructive: may follow a
previous surgery to improve function or obtain a more desirable cosmetic
effect (ex. cleft lip)
2. Cosmetic: not medically necessary, used to alter anatomy and appearance
(ex. liposuction, tummy tuck, facelift)
3. Palliative: relieve symptoms and imporve patients quality of life.
4. Rehabilitative
,Degrees of urgency within surgery Answer - Emergent: must be performed
without delay
Urgent: needs to be done soon but can wait until patient is stable
924-30 hours)
Required: needs to be done, but not necessarily (few weeks or months)
immediately
Elective: Pt should have surgery, but avoiding is not catastrophic
Optional: Decision rests with patient and personal decision
Preadmission Testing Answer - Initial preoperative assessment before
admission to the hospital
- assessment data
- patient education
- verify preop diagnostic testing
- preop therapies (bowel prep, etc)
- advance directive
- begin discharge planning and assessment
Preop Assessment Answer - Assess and adress risk factors that may affect post
op complications and delay recovery, looks at underlying conditions and their
effect on the surgery. Physical examination
- meds, allergies, health history, nutrition, fluids, dentition, alcohol, drugs,
respiratory and cv status, hepatic and renal function, spiritual and cultural
beliefs, immune function
Meds that affect surgical experience Answer - Steroids, diuretics, tranquilizers,
phenothiazines, insulin, antibiotics, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, thyroid
,hormones, opioids, over the counter and herbal (some increase risk of bleeds,
or may prolong effect of anesthesia)
Gerontologic Considerations for Preop Answer - - Anesthesia may precipitate
dysregulation of older adults
- Low cardiac reserves
- depressed renal and hepatic function
- reduced GI activity
- assess condition of skin, bruises, abrasions, discolorations
- less subq increases risk for temp changes
- confusion common, may need further education on the surgery and process
Informed consent Answer - - patients voluntary decision to undergo surgery
- legally required
- explains the benefits, procedute, risk and complications
- nurse acts as a witness to the signature
- needs to be signed before psychoactive meds
- patient has right to refuse surgery
Deep breathing, coughing and incentive spirometer: patient education post-op
Answer - Increased lung expansion and blood oxygenation post surgery
thoracic or abodminal incisions need to split to minimize pressure
Mobility and movement: patient education post-op Answer - Improve
circulation, prevent venous stasis, promote respiratory function.
, Frequent position changes without disrupting IV or lines, special positions
based on surgery, ROM for joints
Pain management: patient education post-op Answer - Differentiation
between acute and chronic pain
Use a 0-10 or alternative scale to promote effective pain managment
Coping strategies: patient education post-op Answer - Anxiety is common but
can lead to complications if left unresolved (arrythmias, tachycardia, HTN,
increased pain).
Examples:
- guided imagery
- distraction
- optimistic self recitation
- music
- aromatherapy
- reiki
Ambulatory surgery: patient education post-op Answer - Includes patient and
family for discharge and at home care.
Includes:
- answering questions
- what to expect
- what to leave at home
- what to wear
UNIVERISTY SCHOOL OF NURSING - NRS 3015 -
PROF ULREICH - SUMMER 2025 - EXAM 1
MATERIAL) WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS!!
Define preoperative phase Answer - Begin: When the decision to proceed with
surgival intervention is made
End: when patient is transferred to OR table
Define Intraoperative phase Answer - Begin: when patient is transferred to OR
table
Ends: with admission to PACU
Define postoperative phase Answer - Begins: admission to PACU
Ends: follow up evaluaitaon in the clinical setting or home
Types of surgical classification Answer - 1. Reconstructive: may follow a
previous surgery to improve function or obtain a more desirable cosmetic
effect (ex. cleft lip)
2. Cosmetic: not medically necessary, used to alter anatomy and appearance
(ex. liposuction, tummy tuck, facelift)
3. Palliative: relieve symptoms and imporve patients quality of life.
4. Rehabilitative
,Degrees of urgency within surgery Answer - Emergent: must be performed
without delay
Urgent: needs to be done soon but can wait until patient is stable
924-30 hours)
Required: needs to be done, but not necessarily (few weeks or months)
immediately
Elective: Pt should have surgery, but avoiding is not catastrophic
Optional: Decision rests with patient and personal decision
Preadmission Testing Answer - Initial preoperative assessment before
admission to the hospital
- assessment data
- patient education
- verify preop diagnostic testing
- preop therapies (bowel prep, etc)
- advance directive
- begin discharge planning and assessment
Preop Assessment Answer - Assess and adress risk factors that may affect post
op complications and delay recovery, looks at underlying conditions and their
effect on the surgery. Physical examination
- meds, allergies, health history, nutrition, fluids, dentition, alcohol, drugs,
respiratory and cv status, hepatic and renal function, spiritual and cultural
beliefs, immune function
Meds that affect surgical experience Answer - Steroids, diuretics, tranquilizers,
phenothiazines, insulin, antibiotics, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, thyroid
,hormones, opioids, over the counter and herbal (some increase risk of bleeds,
or may prolong effect of anesthesia)
Gerontologic Considerations for Preop Answer - - Anesthesia may precipitate
dysregulation of older adults
- Low cardiac reserves
- depressed renal and hepatic function
- reduced GI activity
- assess condition of skin, bruises, abrasions, discolorations
- less subq increases risk for temp changes
- confusion common, may need further education on the surgery and process
Informed consent Answer - - patients voluntary decision to undergo surgery
- legally required
- explains the benefits, procedute, risk and complications
- nurse acts as a witness to the signature
- needs to be signed before psychoactive meds
- patient has right to refuse surgery
Deep breathing, coughing and incentive spirometer: patient education post-op
Answer - Increased lung expansion and blood oxygenation post surgery
thoracic or abodminal incisions need to split to minimize pressure
Mobility and movement: patient education post-op Answer - Improve
circulation, prevent venous stasis, promote respiratory function.
, Frequent position changes without disrupting IV or lines, special positions
based on surgery, ROM for joints
Pain management: patient education post-op Answer - Differentiation
between acute and chronic pain
Use a 0-10 or alternative scale to promote effective pain managment
Coping strategies: patient education post-op Answer - Anxiety is common but
can lead to complications if left unresolved (arrythmias, tachycardia, HTN,
increased pain).
Examples:
- guided imagery
- distraction
- optimistic self recitation
- music
- aromatherapy
- reiki
Ambulatory surgery: patient education post-op Answer - Includes patient and
family for discharge and at home care.
Includes:
- answering questions
- what to expect
- what to leave at home
- what to wear
