MSIS 2103 Midterm Exam 2

MSIS 2103 Midterm Exam 2 Entity relationship diagram - -shows the relationships between the tables in a database Primary key - -a unique identifier of every row or record in the table Record primary key - -normally assigned sequentially by the database as a new record is input into the table Relational database can have - -one to one relationship or a one to many Metadata - -defines what can go into a particular field and how it has to be formatted Database management system (DBMS) - -a software that is used to create a database, define fields formatting, define database business rules, and modify the database structure Enterprise system - -have a single database and each application accesses the same database Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system - -often used by businesses that manufacture products Customer relationship management (CRM) - -Service companies and sales companies often use CRM systems Supply chain management (SCM) - -Companies that are involved in logistics and distribution would often use an SCM Distributed file system (DFS) or nosql database - -server-based system that allows for massive amounts of data A relational database cannot have a many to many relationship between entities. - False Because a properly designed relational database only has single data entry, variables that can be calculated are not in the database. - -False The DBMS is used to create database business rules - -True A manufacturing company that uses an enterprise information system will likely use - ERP Heuristics are - -qualitative methods that are experience based MSIS 2103 MSIS 2103 Insensitive to prior outcomes - -Your resume showed that you had been a top performer in your current job for several years and the interviewer formed an opinion based on whom you reminded him of Insensitivity to prior probabilities - -This bias comes from forming an opinion about group membership based on information given and not using information about the prior probability of group membership Law of small numbers - -says that any sample will have a distribution that is representative of the population, regardless of sample size. Insensitivity to predictability - -is a bias that is present when the prediction of a future event is often made on representativeness or how the event is described. Illusion of validity - -produced by a good fit between the predicted outcome and the input information. Availability heuristic - -is named because the probability of an occurrence is based on the ease at which instances are brought to mind Bias of imaginability - -a bias where sometimes one has to assess the frequency of a class whose instances are not stored in memory, but can be generated according to a given rule. Biased in the evaluation of conjunctive and disjunctive events - -Conjunctive events are events that are related to other events Status quo - -Overall people tend to prefer the present state of affairs to change One-reason decision-making - -People often times reduce decisions to one reason and a reason that is important to them You always take exams wearing the same shirt, because when you wear that shirt you make a good grade on the exam. This is an example of what bias? - -Illusion-correlation bias Risk - -probability times the impact(how bad or good it is) Probability - -the extent to which an event is likely to occur, measured by the ratio of the favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible. Risk appetite - -The amount of risk you are willing to accept Risk Acceptance - -accepting the potential risk MSIS 2103 MSIS 2103 Risk Avoidance - -avoiding the potential risk Phishing - -the fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information, such as passwords and credit card numbers. Identity theft - -the fraudulent acquisition and use of a person's private identifying information, usually for financial gain. CIA - -CIA stand for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability Confidentiality is - -to keep your conversations and information on the Internet private Cipher - -a method or algorithm for encrypting information Integrity is - -the second tenet of the model. It means to keep information free from unauthorized changes Availability - -This means to make the computer or website or information system available to people who need it. Visualizations are used to - -convey information that is not apparent from the raw data Bar charts - -Use bar charts for comparing data across categories. Column charts - -Use column charts for comparing categories over time. Line Charts - -Use line charts to view trends over time. Area charts - -Use area charts to show multiple trends over time and how the different trends relate to each other. Pie Charts - -Use pie charts to show percentages. This is really the only use for pie charts. Scatter plot - -Use scatter plots to see the relationship between different variables. Treemap - -Use a treemap to see all of the data and how the different pieces relate to the whole. Combination Charts - -It is possible to combine charts into one chart to better visualize the data. Consider combining bar charts with line charts.