RCP 160 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Tidal volume breathing - Answer -Facilitates removal of CO2 and replenishes O2
Alveolar ventilation - Answer -Amount of fresh gas reaching alveoli per minute,
determined by tidal volume, dead space and RR
Compliance - Answer -Higher lung inflates easily, lower lung inflation is difficult
Surfactant - Answer -Prevents alveolar collapse, inhaling toxins decrease effectiveness
Restrictive lung diseases - Answer -More pressure needed to meet volume
Obstructive lung diseases - Answer -More volume needed to meet pressure
Rapid shallow breathing and high minute volume - Answer -Results in bad alveolar
ventilation
Anatomic dead space - Answer -Gas left in the conducting airways, including the
nasopharynx oropharynx and laryngopharynx
Alveolar dead space - Answer -Can be caused by PE,
Anatomic dead space - Answer -Each inspiration the fas left in the conducting airways
that do not participate in gas exchange is anatomic dead space
Physiologic dead space - Answer -Combination of anatomic and alveolar dead space
Alveolar air equation - Answer -PaO2 = FiO2 x (Pb - PH2O) - (PaCO2 / .8)
A-g gradient - Answer -Compares PAO2 to PaO2 (Alveolar O2 with arterial O2)
Factors that impact diffusion across the AC membrane - Answer -Capillary membrane,
interstitial fluid, alveolar membrane
Things that could thicken the AC membrane - Answer -Interstitial disease, pulmonary
fibrosis, PNA, atelectasis
Factors that impact the A-a gradient - Answer -Diffusion (A-C membrane thickening),
cardiac shunting, pulmonary shunt, time
Minute ventilation - Answer -Ve = RR x Vt
Alveolar minute ventilation - Answer -VA = (Vt - Vd) x RR
Tidal volume breathing - Answer -Facilitates removal of CO2 and replenishes O2
Alveolar ventilation - Answer -Amount of fresh gas reaching alveoli per minute,
determined by tidal volume, dead space and RR
Compliance - Answer -Higher lung inflates easily, lower lung inflation is difficult
Surfactant - Answer -Prevents alveolar collapse, inhaling toxins decrease effectiveness
Restrictive lung diseases - Answer -More pressure needed to meet volume
Obstructive lung diseases - Answer -More volume needed to meet pressure
Rapid shallow breathing and high minute volume - Answer -Results in bad alveolar
ventilation
Anatomic dead space - Answer -Gas left in the conducting airways, including the
nasopharynx oropharynx and laryngopharynx
Alveolar dead space - Answer -Can be caused by PE,
Anatomic dead space - Answer -Each inspiration the fas left in the conducting airways
that do not participate in gas exchange is anatomic dead space
Physiologic dead space - Answer -Combination of anatomic and alveolar dead space
Alveolar air equation - Answer -PaO2 = FiO2 x (Pb - PH2O) - (PaCO2 / .8)
A-g gradient - Answer -Compares PAO2 to PaO2 (Alveolar O2 with arterial O2)
Factors that impact diffusion across the AC membrane - Answer -Capillary membrane,
interstitial fluid, alveolar membrane
Things that could thicken the AC membrane - Answer -Interstitial disease, pulmonary
fibrosis, PNA, atelectasis
Factors that impact the A-a gradient - Answer -Diffusion (A-C membrane thickening),
cardiac shunting, pulmonary shunt, time
Minute ventilation - Answer -Ve = RR x Vt
Alveolar minute ventilation - Answer -VA = (Vt - Vd) x RR
