HIUS 221 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers Solved Correctly Latest Update 2025-2026
Aztecs (Mexicas) - Answers who:
what: strongest mainland group in the Mexico region
when: 15th century
where: Tenochtitlan (Mexico City)
HS 1:
HS 2:
James Thomson Callender - Answers who: a "tabloid" journalist
what: published the story of Thomas Jefferson's slave and the children they had.
when: 19th c
where:
HS 1:
HS 2:
Sally Hemings - Answers who: Thomas Jefferson's slave
what: had many children during her time with Jefferson
when: 19th c
where:
HS 1:
HS 2:
Inclusivism - Answers who:
what: includes other beliefs/practices incorporated into their own; did not try to convert
when:
where: North America and Indigenous Religions in Africa
HS 1: clashes with exclusivism (Islam and Christianity)
HS 2: Allows for a more open minded view of society
,Great Chain of Being - Answers who: Western Europeans
what: Natural ranks in society (God -/-> Peasants)
when: Middle Ages/1500s
where: Western Europe
HS 1:
HS 2:
Pecos Trade Fair - Answers who: Plains Tribes (mainly Apache)
what: Major trade hub
where: modern NM
when: occupied heavily in 1400s
HS 1: Native American tribes conducted extensive and prosperous trade with one another prior
to colonialization
HS 2: Europeans would take advantage of Native American trade
Cahokia - Answers who: Mississippian tribes
what: Native American city
where: modern St Louis
when: 600-1400
HS 1: Native American tribes were able to develop large, organized, and prosperous cities prior
to colonization
HS 2: Native Americans had spaces for religious practice, trade, and diverse populations in
cities
15th C French Town - Answers
Reconquista (to 1492) - Answers who: North African Muslims and European Catholics
what: Reconquering of Spain from Islamic hands
when: 718-1492
where: Iberia
HS 1: The creation of the Conquistadors and Crusading culture (colonialism)
, HS 2: The win of the Catholics led to the creation of Spain, a huge colonial empire
Christopher Columbus - Answers who: a navigator sailing for Spain
what: looked for a western route to Asia and discovered the Americas for Europeans; landed
when: 1492
where: the Bahamas
HS 1: Created calling Native Americas "Indians" because he thought he was near India but he
was really talking to the Tainos
HS 2:
Requerimiento (1512+) - Answers who: Spanish
what: convert or die in a "just war", any deaths/losses your fault
when: 1512
where: wherever Spain claimed was theirs
HS 1: Ferdinand and Isabella felt Natives could be converted; declared them free
HS 2:
Virgin soil epidemics - Answers who: some Europeans (mainly Native Americans)
what: first encounter to certain diseases; decreased native population by about 90%
when: 1500-1700
where: Americas
HS 1: Weakened tribes in the fight against colonization
HS 2: Heavily decreased native populations
Hernando de Soto - Answers who: Spanish explorer
what: explored Southern US and died on his trip
when: 1540s
where: the South (Florida, Mississippi R, S Appalachia)
HS 1: de Soto was in search of gold but he would not find any in this region, leaving Spain to
focus on other areas
Aztecs (Mexicas) - Answers who:
what: strongest mainland group in the Mexico region
when: 15th century
where: Tenochtitlan (Mexico City)
HS 1:
HS 2:
James Thomson Callender - Answers who: a "tabloid" journalist
what: published the story of Thomas Jefferson's slave and the children they had.
when: 19th c
where:
HS 1:
HS 2:
Sally Hemings - Answers who: Thomas Jefferson's slave
what: had many children during her time with Jefferson
when: 19th c
where:
HS 1:
HS 2:
Inclusivism - Answers who:
what: includes other beliefs/practices incorporated into their own; did not try to convert
when:
where: North America and Indigenous Religions in Africa
HS 1: clashes with exclusivism (Islam and Christianity)
HS 2: Allows for a more open minded view of society
,Great Chain of Being - Answers who: Western Europeans
what: Natural ranks in society (God -/-> Peasants)
when: Middle Ages/1500s
where: Western Europe
HS 1:
HS 2:
Pecos Trade Fair - Answers who: Plains Tribes (mainly Apache)
what: Major trade hub
where: modern NM
when: occupied heavily in 1400s
HS 1: Native American tribes conducted extensive and prosperous trade with one another prior
to colonialization
HS 2: Europeans would take advantage of Native American trade
Cahokia - Answers who: Mississippian tribes
what: Native American city
where: modern St Louis
when: 600-1400
HS 1: Native American tribes were able to develop large, organized, and prosperous cities prior
to colonization
HS 2: Native Americans had spaces for religious practice, trade, and diverse populations in
cities
15th C French Town - Answers
Reconquista (to 1492) - Answers who: North African Muslims and European Catholics
what: Reconquering of Spain from Islamic hands
when: 718-1492
where: Iberia
HS 1: The creation of the Conquistadors and Crusading culture (colonialism)
, HS 2: The win of the Catholics led to the creation of Spain, a huge colonial empire
Christopher Columbus - Answers who: a navigator sailing for Spain
what: looked for a western route to Asia and discovered the Americas for Europeans; landed
when: 1492
where: the Bahamas
HS 1: Created calling Native Americas "Indians" because he thought he was near India but he
was really talking to the Tainos
HS 2:
Requerimiento (1512+) - Answers who: Spanish
what: convert or die in a "just war", any deaths/losses your fault
when: 1512
where: wherever Spain claimed was theirs
HS 1: Ferdinand and Isabella felt Natives could be converted; declared them free
HS 2:
Virgin soil epidemics - Answers who: some Europeans (mainly Native Americans)
what: first encounter to certain diseases; decreased native population by about 90%
when: 1500-1700
where: Americas
HS 1: Weakened tribes in the fight against colonization
HS 2: Heavily decreased native populations
Hernando de Soto - Answers who: Spanish explorer
what: explored Southern US and died on his trip
when: 1540s
where: the South (Florida, Mississippi R, S Appalachia)
HS 1: de Soto was in search of gold but he would not find any in this region, leaving Spain to
focus on other areas
