Test Bank For Pathophysiology 9th Edition McCance The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers

Test Bank For Pathophysiology 9th Edition McCance The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers




TEST BANK
d1

,Chapterd101:d1Cellulard1Biology
McCance/Huether:d1Pathophysiology:d1Thed1Biologicd1Basisd1ofd1Diseased1ind1Adultsd1andd1Children,d19thd1Edition


MULTIPLEd1CHOICE

1. Whichd1statementd1bestd1describesd1thed1cellulard1functiond1ofd1metabolicd1absorption?
a. Cellsd1cand1produced1proteins.
b. Cellsd1cand1secreted1digestived1enzymes.
c. Cellsd1cand1taked1ind1andd1used1nutrients.
d. Cellsd1cand1synthesized1fats.
ANS:d1 C
Ind1metabolicd1absorption,d1alld1cellsd1taked1ind1andd1used1nutrientsd1andd1otherd1substancesd1fromd1th
eird1surroundings.d1Thed1remainingd1optionsd1ared1notd1inclusived1ind1theird1descriptionsd1ofd1cell
ulard1metabolicd1absorption.

PTS:d 1 d 1 1 DIF:d 1 Cognitived1Level:d1Remembering

2. Whered1isd1mostd1ofd1ad1cell’sd1geneticd1information,d1includingd1RNAd1andd1DNA,d1contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:d1 C
Thed1nucleusd1containsd1thed1nucleolus,d1ad1smalld1densed1structured1composedd1largelyd1ofd1RN
A,d1mostd1ofd1thed1cellulard1DNA,d1andd1thed1DNA-
bindingd1proteins,d1suchd1asd1thed1histones,d1whichd1regulated1itsd1activity.d1Thed1mitochondriad1
ared1responsibled1ford1cellulard1respirationd1andd1energyd1production.
Ribosomes’d1chiefd1functiond1isd1tod1provided1sitesd1ford1cellulard1proteind1synthesis.d1Lyso
somesd1functiond1asd1thed1intracellulard1digestived1system.

PTS:d 1 d 1 1 DIF:d 1 Cognitived1Level:d1Remembering

3. Whichd1componentd1ofd1thed1celld1producesd1hydrogend1peroxided1(H2O2)d1byd1usingd1oxygend1tod1r
emoved1hydrogend1atomsd1fromd1specificd1substratesd1ind1and1oxidatived1reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:d1 B

Peroxisomesd1ared1sod1namedd1becaused1theyd1usuallyd1containd1enzymesd1thatd1used1oxygend1tod1
removed1hydrogend1atomsd1fromd1specificd1substratesd1ind1and1oxidatived1reactiond1thatd1producesd1
H2O2,d1whichd1isd1ad1powerfuld1oxidantd1andd1potentiallyd1destructived1ifd1itd1accumulatesd1ord1esca
pesd1fromd1peroxisomes.d1Ribosomesd1ared1RNA-
proteind1complexesd1(nucleoproteins)d1thatd1ared1synthesizedd1ind1thed1nucleolusd1andd1secretedd1i
ntod1thed1cytoplasmd1throughd1poresd1ind1thed1nucleard1enveloped1calledd1nucleard1pored1complex
es.d1Lysosomesd1ared1sacliked1structuresd1thatd1originated1fromd1thed1Golgid1complexd1andd1contai
nd1mored1thand140d1digestived1enzymesd1calledd1hydrolases,d1whichd1catalyzed1bondsd1ind1protein
s,d1lipids,d1nucleicd1acids,d1andd1carbohydrates.d1And1endosomed1isd1ad1vesicald1thatd1hasd1beend1pi
nchedd1offd1fromd1thed1cellulard1membrane.

PTS:d 1 d 1 1 DIF:d 1 Cognitived1Level:d1Remembering

4. Whichd1celld1componentd1isd1capabled1ofd1cellulard1autodigestiond1whend1itd1isd1releasedd1duri
ngd1celld1injury?

, a. Ribosome
b. Golgid1complex
c. Smoothd1endoplasmicd1reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS:d1 D
Thed1lysosomald1membraned1actsd1asd1ad1protectived1shieldd1betweend1thed1powerfuld1digestived1en
zymesd1withind1thed1lysosomed1andd1thed1cytoplasm,d1preventingd1theird1leakaged1intod1thed1cytopl
asmicd1matrix.d1Disruptiond1ofd1thed1membraned1byd1variousd1treatmentsd1ord1cellulard1injuryd1le
adsd1tod1ad1released1ofd1thed1lysosomald1enzymes,d1whichd1cand1thend1reactd1withd1theird1specificd1
substrates,d1causingd1cellular
self-
digestion.d1Thed1chiefd1functiond1ofd1ad1ribosomed1isd1tod1provided1sitesd1ford1cellulard1proteind1sy
nthesis.d1Thed1Golgid1complexd1isd1ad1networkd1ofd1flattened,d1smoothd1vesiclesd1andd1membranesd1o
ftend1locatedd1neard1thed1celld1nucleus.d1Thed1smoothd1endoplasmicd1reticulumd1isd1involvedd1ind1s
teroidd1hormoned1productiond1andd1removingd1toxicd1substancesd1fromd1thed1cell.

PTS:d 1 d 1 1 DIF:d 1 Cognitived1Level:d1Remembering

5. Whichd1cAMP-mediatedd1responsed1isd1relatedd1tod1antidiureticd1hormone?
a. Increasedd1heartd1rated1andd1forced1ofd1contraction
b. Secretiond1ofd1cortisol
c. Increasedd1retentiond1ofd1water
d. Breakdownd1ofd1fat
ANS:d1 C
Antidiureticd1hormoned1leadsd1tod1increasedd1retentiond1ofd1waterd1ind1thed1body.d1Epinephrined
1causesd1increasesd1ind1heartd1rated1andd1forced1ofd1contraction.d1Increasedd1cortisold1secretiond1is

d1dued1tod1ACTH.d1Breakdownd1ofd1fatd1isd1dued1tod1glucagon.



PTS:d 1 d 1 1 DIF:d 1 Cognitived1Level:d1Remembering

6. Duringd1whichd1phased1ofd1thed1celld1cycled1isd1DNAd1synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS:d1 B


Thed1fourd1designatedd1phasesd1ofd1thed1celld1cycled1are:d1(1)d1thed1G1d1phased1(Gd1=d1gap),d1whichd
1isd1thed1periodd1betweend1thed1Md1phased1(Md1=d1mitosis)d1andd1thed1startd1ofd1DNAd1synthesis;d1(2)d1

thed1Sd1phased1(S
=d1synthesis),d1duringd1whichd1DNAd1isd1synthesizedd1ind1thed1celld1nucleus;d1(3)d1thed1G2d 1 phase,d1d
uringd1whichd1RNAd1andd1proteind1synthesisd1occurs,d1thed1periodd1betweend1thed1completiond1of
d1DNAd1synthesisd1andd1thed1nextd1phased1(M);d1andd1(4)d1thed1Md1phase,d1whichd1includesd1nucle

ard1andd1cytoplasmicd1division.

PTS:d 1 d 1 1 DIF: Cognitived1Level:d1Remembering

7. Whatd1organicd1compoundd1facilitatesd1transportationd1acrossd1celld1membranesd1byd1acti
ngd1asd1receptors,d1transportd1channelsd1ford1electrolytes,d1andd1enzymesd1tod1drived1acti
ved1pumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS:d1 C
Proteinsd1haved1severald1functions,d1includingd1actingd1asd1receptors,d1transportd1channelsd1ford1e

, lectrolytes,d1andd1enzymesd1tod1drived1actived1pumpsd1Lipidsd1helpd1actd1asd1thed1“glue”d1holdingd
1celld1membranesd1together.d1Proteasesd1caused1thed1breakdownd1ofd1protein.d1Carbohydratesd1ared1i

nvolvedd1ind1cellulard1protectiond1andd1lubricationd1andd1helpd1produced1energyd1viad1oxidatived1p
hosphorylation.