Application Programmer Q And A

APPLICATION PROGRAMMER Q AND A

Processs2Blocks2-s2answer--
Parts2ofs2as2flowcharts2thats2tellss2thes2programs2whats2actions2tos2take.s2Uses2rectangless2tos2captures2proc
esss2stepss2likes2basics2taskss2ors2actionss2ins2yours2process

Decisions2Blocks2-s2answer--Thes2diamond-shapeds2blocks2useds2fors2YES/
NOs2questions.s2Theses2blockss2haves2twos2outputs:s21s2(fors2yes)s2ands22s2(fors2no).

Storeds2Datas2blocks2-s2answer--
Thiss2iss2as2generals2datas2storages2objects2useds2ins2thes2processs2flows2ass2opposeds2tos2datas2whichs2cou
lds2bes2alsos2storeds2ons2as2hards2drive,s2magnetics2tape,s2memorys2card,s2ofs2anys2others2storages2device.

datas2blocks2(i/o)s2-s2answer--
Thes2Datas2object,s2oftens2referreds2tos2ass2thes2I/
Os2Shapes2showss2thes2Inputss2tos2ands2Outputss2froms2as2process.s2Thiss2takess2thes2shapes2ofs2as2parallel
ogram.

Flowcharts2Terminal/Terminators2-s2answer--
Thes2terminators2showss2wheres2yours2processs2beginss2ors2ends.s2Yous2cans2uses2wordss2likes2'Start',s2'Be
gin',s2'End's2insides2thes2terminators2shapes2tos2makes2thingss2mores2obvious.

Flowcharts2Documents2-s2answer--Documents2objects2iss2as2rectangles2withs2as2wave-
likes2base.s2Thiss2shapes2iss2useds2tos2represents2as2Documents2ors2Reports2ins2as2processs2flow.

Directs2Datas2-s2answer--
Directs2Datas2objects2ins2as2processs2flows2representss2informations2storeds2whichs2cans2bes2accesseds2dir
ectly.s2Thiss2objects2representss2as2computer'ss2hards2drive.s2Usuallys2cylinders2ors2cones2shapeds2layings2
ons2itss2side.

internals2storages2-s2answer--
Thiss2iss2as2shapes2whichs2iss2commonlys2founds2ins2programmings2flowchartss2tos2illustrates2thes2informati
ons2storeds2ins2memory,s2ass2opposeds2tos2ons2as2file.s2Thiss2shapes2iss2oftens2referreds2tos2ass2thes2magneti
cs2cores2memorys2ofs2earlys2computers;s2ors2thes2randoms2accesss2memorys2(RAM)s2ass2wes2calls2its2today.

sequentials2accesss2-s2answer--
As2methods2ofs2datas2accesss2useds2bys2tapes2drives,s2wherebys2datas2iss2writtens2ors2reads2sequentiallys2fr
oms2thes2beginnings2tos2thes2ends2ofs2thes2tapes2ors2untils2thes2desireds2datas2iss2found.s2Thiss2objects2takess
2thes2shapes2ofs2as2reels2ofs2tape.s2Its2representss2informations2storeds2ins2as2sequence,s2suchs2ass2datas2ons

2as2magnetics2tape.



Manuals2Inputs2-s2answer--
Thiss2objects2iss2representeds2bys2rectangles2withs2thes2tops2slopings2ups2froms2lefts2tos2right.s2Thes2Manuals


1

, 2Inputs2objects2signifiess2ans2actions2wheres2thes2users2iss2prompteds2fors2informations2thats2musts2bes2man
uallys2inputs2intos2as2system.

Subroutines2-s2answer--
As2subordinates2routine;s2specifically,s2as2sequences2ofs2computers2instructionss2fors2performings2as2specifi
eds2tasks2thats2cans2bes2useds2repeatedly.s2Thes2sames2objects2iss2alsos2calleds2as2Predefineds2Process.s2T
hiss2meanss2thes2flowcharts2fors2thes2predefineds2processs2hass2tos2bes2alreadys2drawn,s2ands2yous2shoulds
2references2thes2flowcharts2fors2mores2information.



sequences2programmings2-s2answer--
Ones2ofs2thes2threes2basics2logics2structuress2ins2computers2programming.s2Thes2others2twos2logics2structur
ess2ares2selections2ands2loop.

Ins2as2sequences2structure,s2ans2action,s2ors2event,s2leadss2tos2thes2nexts2ordereds2actions2ins2as2predetermi
neds2order.s2Thes2sequences2cans2contains2anys2numbers2ofs2actions,s2buts2nos2actionss2cans2bes2skippeds2
ins2thes2sequence.

Selections2Programmings2-s2answer--
Ins2as2selections2structure,s2as2questions2iss2asked,s2ands2dependings2ons2thes2answer,s2thes2programs2take
ss2ones2ofs2twos2coursess2ofs2action,s2afters2whichs2thes2programs2movess2ons2tos2thes2nexts2event.

Thiss2structures2iss2sometimess2referreds2tos2ass2ans2if-then-
elses2becauses2its2directss2thes2programs2tos2performs2ins2thiss2way:s2Ifs2Conditions2As2iss2Trues2thens2perfor
ms2Actions2Xs2elseperforms2Actions2Y

Loops2(programming)s2-s2answer--
As2sets2ofs2instructionss2thats2thes2programs2repeatss2untils2as2conditions2iss2mets2ors2counts2iss2reached.

Eachs2passs2throughs2thes2loops2iss2calleds2ans2iteration.s2Loopss2constitutes2ones2ofs2thes2mosts2basics2and
s2powerfuls2programmings2concepts.



Iterations2-s2answer--
As2singles2passs2throughs2as2groups2ofs2instructions.s2Mosts2programss2contains2loopss2ofs2instructionss2tha
ts2ares2executeds2overs2ands2overs2again.s2Thes2computers2iteratess2throughs2thes2loop,s2whichs2meanss2th
ats2its2repeatedlys2executess2thes2loop.

Encapsulations2-s2answer--
Thiss2concepts2iss2alsos2oftens2useds2tos2hides2thes2internals2representation,s2ors2state,s2ofs2ans2objects2from
s2thes2outside.s2Thiss2iss2calleds2informations2hiding.s2Ifs2yous2haves2ans2attributes2thats2iss2nots2visibles2froms

2thes2outsides2ofs2ans2object,s2ands2bundles2its2withs2methodss2thats2provides2reads2ors2writes2accesss2tos2it,s2

thens2yous2cans2hides2specifics2informations2ands2controls2accesss2tos2thes2internals2states2ofs2thes2object.

Encapsulations2iss2achieveds2whens2eachs2objects2keepss2itss2states2private,s2insides2as2class.s2Others2obje
ctss2don'ts2haves2directs2accesss2tos2thiss2state.s2Instead,s2theys2cans2onlys2calls2as2lists2ofs2publics2functionss
2—s2calleds2methods.



Abstractions2-s2answer--
Objectss2ins2ans2OOPs2languages2provides2ans2abstractions2thats2hidess2thes2internals2implementations2det
2