Glycolysis – Biochemistry || 100% SOLVED!!
What is the net end product of glycolysis per molecule of glucose? correct answers 2
Pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH
Where does glycolysis occur? correct answers In the cytosol.
How much ATP does it take to invest in glycolysis (Chemical Priming Phase)? correct
answers 2 ATP molecules are required to convert glucose to G6P.
What are glucokinase and hexokinase? correct answers These are isozymes that convert
glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Glucokinase is type IV isozyme of hexokinase and is found
in the liver. Hexokinase has a higher affinity (Lower Km).
What happens to PFK-1 when there is a high concentration of ATP? correct answers ATP
binds to the inhibition site of PFK-1 and decreases the activity of the enzyme.
How does AMP affect PFK-1 activity? correct answers AMP activates PFK-1 and overcomes
the inhibitory effect of ATP.
What is the end product of the Chemical Priming Phase (investment stage) of glycolysis?
correct answers 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate molecules (GAP) per glucose.
What must happen for glycolysis to operate continuously? correct answers NADH produced
by Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase must be re-oxidized to NAD+. This can
happen (1) Transferral to ETC by glycerol 3-phosphate/Malate shuttle or (2) anaerobically
via lactate dehydrogenase (pyruvate to lactate).
What is anaerobic glycolysis? correct answers The transformation of glucose to pyruvate
when limited amounts of oxygen are available. P
What is fermentation? correct answers Another way to metabolize pyruvate anaerobically by
converting it to acetaldehyde and then to ethanol. Regenerates NAD+.
What are the final products of glycolysis? Not counting ATP and NADH. correct answers
Pyruvate, Lactate, or Ethanol.
How is pyruvate used in mitochondria? correct answers It is oxidized to form CO2 and water.
This is called respiration.
How is pyruvate used in active muscles? correct answers It is reduced by NADH to lactate.
This is called lactic acid fermentation.
How is pyruvate used in yeast? correct answers It is decarboxylated and reduced by NADH
to formed CO2 and ethanol. This is known as alcoholic fermentation.
What is the "committed" step of glycolysis? correct answers Fructose 6-Phosphate + ATP to
Fructose 1,6-biphosphate via PFK-1 enzyme.
What is the net end product of glycolysis per molecule of glucose? correct answers 2
Pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH
Where does glycolysis occur? correct answers In the cytosol.
How much ATP does it take to invest in glycolysis (Chemical Priming Phase)? correct
answers 2 ATP molecules are required to convert glucose to G6P.
What are glucokinase and hexokinase? correct answers These are isozymes that convert
glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Glucokinase is type IV isozyme of hexokinase and is found
in the liver. Hexokinase has a higher affinity (Lower Km).
What happens to PFK-1 when there is a high concentration of ATP? correct answers ATP
binds to the inhibition site of PFK-1 and decreases the activity of the enzyme.
How does AMP affect PFK-1 activity? correct answers AMP activates PFK-1 and overcomes
the inhibitory effect of ATP.
What is the end product of the Chemical Priming Phase (investment stage) of glycolysis?
correct answers 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate molecules (GAP) per glucose.
What must happen for glycolysis to operate continuously? correct answers NADH produced
by Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase must be re-oxidized to NAD+. This can
happen (1) Transferral to ETC by glycerol 3-phosphate/Malate shuttle or (2) anaerobically
via lactate dehydrogenase (pyruvate to lactate).
What is anaerobic glycolysis? correct answers The transformation of glucose to pyruvate
when limited amounts of oxygen are available. P
What is fermentation? correct answers Another way to metabolize pyruvate anaerobically by
converting it to acetaldehyde and then to ethanol. Regenerates NAD+.
What are the final products of glycolysis? Not counting ATP and NADH. correct answers
Pyruvate, Lactate, or Ethanol.
How is pyruvate used in mitochondria? correct answers It is oxidized to form CO2 and water.
This is called respiration.
How is pyruvate used in active muscles? correct answers It is reduced by NADH to lactate.
This is called lactic acid fermentation.
How is pyruvate used in yeast? correct answers It is decarboxylated and reduced by NADH
to formed CO2 and ethanol. This is known as alcoholic fermentation.
What is the "committed" step of glycolysis? correct answers Fructose 6-Phosphate + ATP to
Fructose 1,6-biphosphate via PFK-1 enzyme.
