Study Guide For NAS 2– Questions With Insightful
Solutions
What is the Scientific Method? Correct Answer - Is a method with
defined steps that include experiments and careful observation, the purpose is
to provide a systematic and objective approach to conducting research.
Steps of the Scientific Method Correct Answer - 1. Make an observation
2. Form a hypothesis
3. Make a prediction based of Hypothesis
4. Experiment to test prediction.
5. Analyze the results
6. Is hypothesis supported or not?
Hypothesis definition Correct Answer - Hypothesis is a suggested
explanation for an event, which can be tested.
Theory Definition Correct Answer - Theory is a tested and confirmed
explanation for observations or phenomena.
Sample Size Definition Correct Answer - Refers to the number of
individual measurements or observations taken in an experiment.
Trial Definition Correct Answer - Is a method of experimentation, which
is conducted to prove or illustrate the truth or validity of something.
Control Definition Correct Answer - Is a factor that remains unchanged
or unaffected by other variables during an experiment.
Placebo Definition Correct Answer - Placebo is a dosage form that is
identical to the dosage form being tested. It is used as a control for
comparison.
Independent Variable Definition Correct Answer - Independent variable
is the variable that is Intentionally changed.
,Dependent Variable Definition Correct Answer - Dependent Variable is
the outcome or response that depends on the changes made to the
independent.
Constant Variable Definition Correct Answer - Must not change during
the experiment.
Standardized Variables Definition Correct Answer - Standardized
Variables are solutions that contain a known and accurate amount of a
substance or element.
step 1 to using a Microscope Correct Answer - Get a slide and place it in
the stage clips.
Step 2 in using a microscope Correct Answer - Turn on light source once
slide is properly placed, magnifies 4x
Step 3 (when using microscope) Correct Answer - look through eye
piece, magnifies 10x
step 4 in using a microscope Correct Answer - first choose the shortest
Lense (scanning lense) (red) 40x
Step 5 when using a microscope Correct Answer - After finding what you
want to look at, switch to the next largest objective lense (low power objective
lense) (yellow)
step 6 when using a microscope Correct Answer - to get more
magnification, switch to the high-power objective lense (blue)
step 7 when using a microscope Correct Answer - Then, to adjust view
use either course or fine adjustment knobs.
Step 8 when using a microscope Correct Answer - only use course
adjustment when looking under the scanning lense or the low power objective
lense, Red/Yellow.
Step 9 when using a microscope Correct Answer - fine adjustment knob
should only be used under the high-power objective lense or blue lense.
,Step 10 when using a microscope Correct Answer - when putting slides
into focus, always start with scanning lense and get into focus, then move to
low power objective and put that into focus before moving to high power
lense.
How to calculate the total magnification of a microscope. Correct Answer -
To calculate total magnification, the scanning lense you start with first, that
magnifies 4x, then the magnification from the eye piece is 10x, 10x4=40x
magnification. The low power objective lense is the second largest lense,
which will magnify 10x. The eyepiece magnifies 10x. 10x10-100x
magnification. Then the high-power objective lense, the largest lense that you
will use last, magnifies 40x, along with the eyepiece which magnifies 10x,
40x10=400x total magnification.
As magnification increases the... Correct Answer - Working distance is -
Decreased
Depth of Field is - Decreased &
Field of view is - Decreased
Describe the difference between potential and kinetic energy. Correct
Answer - Potential energy- Is the energy of position, or the energy of
matter possesses because of positioning
kinetic energy- Is the form of energy powering any type of matter in motion.
Describe the basic structure of an atom Correct Answer - Atoms are
made up of even smaller subatomic particles, the proton, neutron, and
electrons,
Describe The relative masses of an atom. Correct Answer - An electron
has about 1/2000th the mass of a proton or neutron which do not contribute
to the mass of an atom, a proton has 1 atomic mass unit. And a neutron has 1
atomic mass unit.
Describe the relative charges of an atom. Correct Answer - -Protons are
Positively charged
-Neutrons do not have a specific charge
-Electrons are Negatively charged.
, What is the location of the relative particles of an atom Correct Answer -
All 3 particles, protons, neutrons and electrons are all located in the nucleus,
EXCEPT for electrons, they are located outside the nucleus.
Atomic Symbol Correct Answer - A one or two letter abbreviation used
to represent an element on the periodic table. First letter is always capitalized,
and the second letter is always lowercased.
Atomic Number Correct Answer - The number of protons in the nucleus
of an atom, which determines the identity of the element (ex. A proton has 6
protons, so its atomic number is 6.
Ion: Correct Answer - An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or
more electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge. A positively charged ion is
called a cation, and a negatively charged ion is called a anion.
Isotope: Correct Answer - Variants of a particular chemical element that
have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. This
means isotopes have a different number of mass numbers.
H- Correct Answer - Hydrogen
N- Correct Answer - Nitrogen
Ca- Correct Answer - Calcium
Cl- Correct Answer - Chloride
Zn- Correct Answer - Zinc
C- Correct Answer - Carbon
P- Correct Answer - Phosphorus
K- Correct Answer - Potassium
Mg- Correct Answer - Magnesium
O- Correct Answer - Oxygen
Solutions
What is the Scientific Method? Correct Answer - Is a method with
defined steps that include experiments and careful observation, the purpose is
to provide a systematic and objective approach to conducting research.
Steps of the Scientific Method Correct Answer - 1. Make an observation
2. Form a hypothesis
3. Make a prediction based of Hypothesis
4. Experiment to test prediction.
5. Analyze the results
6. Is hypothesis supported or not?
Hypothesis definition Correct Answer - Hypothesis is a suggested
explanation for an event, which can be tested.
Theory Definition Correct Answer - Theory is a tested and confirmed
explanation for observations or phenomena.
Sample Size Definition Correct Answer - Refers to the number of
individual measurements or observations taken in an experiment.
Trial Definition Correct Answer - Is a method of experimentation, which
is conducted to prove or illustrate the truth or validity of something.
Control Definition Correct Answer - Is a factor that remains unchanged
or unaffected by other variables during an experiment.
Placebo Definition Correct Answer - Placebo is a dosage form that is
identical to the dosage form being tested. It is used as a control for
comparison.
Independent Variable Definition Correct Answer - Independent variable
is the variable that is Intentionally changed.
,Dependent Variable Definition Correct Answer - Dependent Variable is
the outcome or response that depends on the changes made to the
independent.
Constant Variable Definition Correct Answer - Must not change during
the experiment.
Standardized Variables Definition Correct Answer - Standardized
Variables are solutions that contain a known and accurate amount of a
substance or element.
step 1 to using a Microscope Correct Answer - Get a slide and place it in
the stage clips.
Step 2 in using a microscope Correct Answer - Turn on light source once
slide is properly placed, magnifies 4x
Step 3 (when using microscope) Correct Answer - look through eye
piece, magnifies 10x
step 4 in using a microscope Correct Answer - first choose the shortest
Lense (scanning lense) (red) 40x
Step 5 when using a microscope Correct Answer - After finding what you
want to look at, switch to the next largest objective lense (low power objective
lense) (yellow)
step 6 when using a microscope Correct Answer - to get more
magnification, switch to the high-power objective lense (blue)
step 7 when using a microscope Correct Answer - Then, to adjust view
use either course or fine adjustment knobs.
Step 8 when using a microscope Correct Answer - only use course
adjustment when looking under the scanning lense or the low power objective
lense, Red/Yellow.
Step 9 when using a microscope Correct Answer - fine adjustment knob
should only be used under the high-power objective lense or blue lense.
,Step 10 when using a microscope Correct Answer - when putting slides
into focus, always start with scanning lense and get into focus, then move to
low power objective and put that into focus before moving to high power
lense.
How to calculate the total magnification of a microscope. Correct Answer -
To calculate total magnification, the scanning lense you start with first, that
magnifies 4x, then the magnification from the eye piece is 10x, 10x4=40x
magnification. The low power objective lense is the second largest lense,
which will magnify 10x. The eyepiece magnifies 10x. 10x10-100x
magnification. Then the high-power objective lense, the largest lense that you
will use last, magnifies 40x, along with the eyepiece which magnifies 10x,
40x10=400x total magnification.
As magnification increases the... Correct Answer - Working distance is -
Decreased
Depth of Field is - Decreased &
Field of view is - Decreased
Describe the difference between potential and kinetic energy. Correct
Answer - Potential energy- Is the energy of position, or the energy of
matter possesses because of positioning
kinetic energy- Is the form of energy powering any type of matter in motion.
Describe the basic structure of an atom Correct Answer - Atoms are
made up of even smaller subatomic particles, the proton, neutron, and
electrons,
Describe The relative masses of an atom. Correct Answer - An electron
has about 1/2000th the mass of a proton or neutron which do not contribute
to the mass of an atom, a proton has 1 atomic mass unit. And a neutron has 1
atomic mass unit.
Describe the relative charges of an atom. Correct Answer - -Protons are
Positively charged
-Neutrons do not have a specific charge
-Electrons are Negatively charged.
, What is the location of the relative particles of an atom Correct Answer -
All 3 particles, protons, neutrons and electrons are all located in the nucleus,
EXCEPT for electrons, they are located outside the nucleus.
Atomic Symbol Correct Answer - A one or two letter abbreviation used
to represent an element on the periodic table. First letter is always capitalized,
and the second letter is always lowercased.
Atomic Number Correct Answer - The number of protons in the nucleus
of an atom, which determines the identity of the element (ex. A proton has 6
protons, so its atomic number is 6.
Ion: Correct Answer - An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or
more electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge. A positively charged ion is
called a cation, and a negatively charged ion is called a anion.
Isotope: Correct Answer - Variants of a particular chemical element that
have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. This
means isotopes have a different number of mass numbers.
H- Correct Answer - Hydrogen
N- Correct Answer - Nitrogen
Ca- Correct Answer - Calcium
Cl- Correct Answer - Chloride
Zn- Correct Answer - Zinc
C- Correct Answer - Carbon
P- Correct Answer - Phosphorus
K- Correct Answer - Potassium
Mg- Correct Answer - Magnesium
O- Correct Answer - Oxygen
