APEA PREDICTOR EXAM 2023-2024 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+|BRAND NEW!!
1).A161516years16old16high16school16student16with16a16mild16sore16throat16and16low-
grade16fever16that16has16persisted16for16about16316weeks.16She16reports16general16malaise,16fat
igue,16and16loss16of16appetite.16The16NP16suspects16mononucleosis.16Which16of16the16followi
ng16is16the16LEAST16appropriate16intervention?
A.Palpate16the16lymph16nodes16and16spleen
B16.Examine16the16posterior16oropharynx16for16petechiae16Obtain16a16CBC,16throat16culture,16and
16heterophil16antibody16test.
C.16Obtain16an16urinalyses16and16serum16for16LFTs16and16amylase1 6 -16ANSWERS-
16Obtain16an16urinalyses16and16serum16for16LFTs16and16amylase
Explanation:16mononucleosis16is16a16symptomatic16infection16caused16by16the16Epstein-
Bar16virus.16Common16is16people1615-
2416years16of16age.16Common16signs16and16symptoms16following16incubation16period16(1-
216months)16include16fatigue,16chills,16malaise,16anorexia,16white16tonsillar16exudates16and16l
ymphadenopathy16or16posterior16cervical16region.16Splenomegaly16can16be16present.16A16macul
opapular16or16occasionally16a16petechial16rash16occurs16in16less16than1615%16of16patients.16A16dia
gnosis16is16usually16made16using16the16Monospot.16In16addition,16neutropenia16and16lymphocy
tosis16are16usually16detected16in16the16CBC
2) A163216years16old16male16patient16complaint16of16urinary16frequency16and16burning16on16ur
ination16for16316days.16Urinalyses16reveals16bacteriuria16and16positive16nitrites.16He16denies16
any16past16hx.16Of16urinary16tract16infections.16The16initial16treatment16should16be:
a. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole16(Bactrim,16Sulfatrim)16for167-1016day
b. ciprofloxacin16(Cipro)16for163-516days
c. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole16for16316days
d. 75016mg16ciprofloxacin16as16a16one-time16dose1 6 -16ANSWERS-16.16trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole16(Bactrim,16Sulfatrim)16for167-1016day
Explanation:16trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole16(TMPS)16is16usually16n16appropriate16medication16to16treat1 6 urinary16 tract
1 6 infections1 6 in1 6 most1 6 patients.1 6 In1 6 the1 6 case1 6 of1 6 community16 resistance1 6 to1 6 TMPS
>20%^,16another16medication16should16be16substituted.16In16men,16the16appropriate16length16
of16time16is167161016days.16Women16may16be16treated16for16316days16for16uncomplicated16UT
I
3) Which16agent16is16most16effective16for16the16treatment16of16nodulocystic16acne?
a. Benzoyl16peroxide16(Benzac)
b. Retinoic16acid16(Retin16A)
, c. Topical16tetracycline
d. Isotretinoin1 6 -16ANSWERS-16Isotretinoin
Explanation:16Isotretinoin16(Accutane)16is16a16systemic16agent16indicated16for16treatment16w
ith16severe16inflammatory16acne.16Guidelines16for16its16use16must16be16clearly16understood16by
16the16patient.16A16woman16of16childbearing16age16must16use16an16effective16method16of16cont
raception16because16isotretinoin16is16116There16are16many16restrictions16in16prescribing16this16
medication16because16of16the16teratogenic16effects16is16given16during16pregnancy.16Therefore,
16it16is16a16pregnancy16category16X.
4) An161816y/o16woman16is16taking16a16combined16hormonal16oral16contraceptive.16She16should16b
e16instructed16to16use16a16backup16method16for16the16prevention16of16pregnancy
a. Throughout16the16week16of16placebo16pills
b. If16prescribed16topiramate16(Topamax)16for16the16treatment16of16migraines.
c. If16prescribed16amoxicillin/clavulanate16(Augmentin)16for16a16sinus16infection
d. if16she16forgets16to16take16a16single16dose16of16the16contraceptive16-16ANSWERS-
16If16prescribed16topiramate16(Topamax)16for16the16treatment16of16migraines.
Explanation:16Anticonvulsant16including16phenytoin16(Dilantin),16carbamazepine16(Tegretol
),16primidone16(Mysoline),16topiramate16(Topamax)16and16oxcarbazepine16(Trileptal)16reduce
16the16effectiveness16of16contraceptives.16Depo-
medroxyprogesterone16acetate16injections16or16levonorgestrel-
releasing16intrauterine16devices16would16be16a16better16method16of16contraceptive16for16patien
ts16taking16anticonvulsants.16Most16commonly16used16antibiotics16have16not16been16proven16t
o16reduce16the16effectiveness16of16contraceptives.16Rifampin16is16an16exception,16and16additiona
l1 6 1 6 Be16used
by16women16taking16this16drug16and16using16oral16contraceptives,16transdermal,16or16vaginal1
6ring16preparations.16Additional16backup16contraception16should16be16used16if16taking16antifu
ngal16agents.16No16additional16protection16is16needed16thought16the16week16of16placebo16pills.
16Missing16one16single16dose16of16contraceptive16does16not16require16additional16protection,16
missing16more16than16one16doses16does.
5) mmol/L),16LDL=1619016mg/dL16(4.9416mmol/L),16HDL=162516mg/dL16(6516mmol/L),16an
d16triglycerides=1634416mg/dL16(8.9416mmol/L).16What16agent16have16the16greatest16effect16on16i
mproving16her16lipid16profile16and16reducing16morbidity16and16mortality16associates16with16d
yslipidemia?
a. Atorvastatin
b. Niacin16(Niaspan)
c. Omega16316fatty16acids
d. Fenofibrates1 6 -16ANSWERS-16Atorvastatin
Explanation:16First16and16foremost,16it16is16essential16to16educate16individuals16on16a16heart-
healthy16lifestyle.16LDL-
C16is16one16of16the16major16culprits16in16the16development16of16atherosclerotic16heart16disease.16T
he16target16level16of16LDL-
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+|BRAND NEW!!
1).A161516years16old16high16school16student16with16a16mild16sore16throat16and16low-
grade16fever16that16has16persisted16for16about16316weeks.16She16reports16general16malaise,16fat
igue,16and16loss16of16appetite.16The16NP16suspects16mononucleosis.16Which16of16the16followi
ng16is16the16LEAST16appropriate16intervention?
A.Palpate16the16lymph16nodes16and16spleen
B16.Examine16the16posterior16oropharynx16for16petechiae16Obtain16a16CBC,16throat16culture,16and
16heterophil16antibody16test.
C.16Obtain16an16urinalyses16and16serum16for16LFTs16and16amylase1 6 -16ANSWERS-
16Obtain16an16urinalyses16and16serum16for16LFTs16and16amylase
Explanation:16mononucleosis16is16a16symptomatic16infection16caused16by16the16Epstein-
Bar16virus.16Common16is16people1615-
2416years16of16age.16Common16signs16and16symptoms16following16incubation16period16(1-
216months)16include16fatigue,16chills,16malaise,16anorexia,16white16tonsillar16exudates16and16l
ymphadenopathy16or16posterior16cervical16region.16Splenomegaly16can16be16present.16A16macul
opapular16or16occasionally16a16petechial16rash16occurs16in16less16than1615%16of16patients.16A16dia
gnosis16is16usually16made16using16the16Monospot.16In16addition,16neutropenia16and16lymphocy
tosis16are16usually16detected16in16the16CBC
2) A163216years16old16male16patient16complaint16of16urinary16frequency16and16burning16on16ur
ination16for16316days.16Urinalyses16reveals16bacteriuria16and16positive16nitrites.16He16denies16
any16past16hx.16Of16urinary16tract16infections.16The16initial16treatment16should16be:
a. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole16(Bactrim,16Sulfatrim)16for167-1016day
b. ciprofloxacin16(Cipro)16for163-516days
c. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole16for16316days
d. 75016mg16ciprofloxacin16as16a16one-time16dose1 6 -16ANSWERS-16.16trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole16(Bactrim,16Sulfatrim)16for167-1016day
Explanation:16trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole16(TMPS)16is16usually16n16appropriate16medication16to16treat1 6 urinary16 tract
1 6 infections1 6 in1 6 most1 6 patients.1 6 In1 6 the1 6 case1 6 of1 6 community16 resistance1 6 to1 6 TMPS
>20%^,16another16medication16should16be16substituted.16In16men,16the16appropriate16length16
of16time16is167161016days.16Women16may16be16treated16for16316days16for16uncomplicated16UT
I
3) Which16agent16is16most16effective16for16the16treatment16of16nodulocystic16acne?
a. Benzoyl16peroxide16(Benzac)
b. Retinoic16acid16(Retin16A)
, c. Topical16tetracycline
d. Isotretinoin1 6 -16ANSWERS-16Isotretinoin
Explanation:16Isotretinoin16(Accutane)16is16a16systemic16agent16indicated16for16treatment16w
ith16severe16inflammatory16acne.16Guidelines16for16its16use16must16be16clearly16understood16by
16the16patient.16A16woman16of16childbearing16age16must16use16an16effective16method16of16cont
raception16because16isotretinoin16is16116There16are16many16restrictions16in16prescribing16this16
medication16because16of16the16teratogenic16effects16is16given16during16pregnancy.16Therefore,
16it16is16a16pregnancy16category16X.
4) An161816y/o16woman16is16taking16a16combined16hormonal16oral16contraceptive.16She16should16b
e16instructed16to16use16a16backup16method16for16the16prevention16of16pregnancy
a. Throughout16the16week16of16placebo16pills
b. If16prescribed16topiramate16(Topamax)16for16the16treatment16of16migraines.
c. If16prescribed16amoxicillin/clavulanate16(Augmentin)16for16a16sinus16infection
d. if16she16forgets16to16take16a16single16dose16of16the16contraceptive16-16ANSWERS-
16If16prescribed16topiramate16(Topamax)16for16the16treatment16of16migraines.
Explanation:16Anticonvulsant16including16phenytoin16(Dilantin),16carbamazepine16(Tegretol
),16primidone16(Mysoline),16topiramate16(Topamax)16and16oxcarbazepine16(Trileptal)16reduce
16the16effectiveness16of16contraceptives.16Depo-
medroxyprogesterone16acetate16injections16or16levonorgestrel-
releasing16intrauterine16devices16would16be16a16better16method16of16contraceptive16for16patien
ts16taking16anticonvulsants.16Most16commonly16used16antibiotics16have16not16been16proven16t
o16reduce16the16effectiveness16of16contraceptives.16Rifampin16is16an16exception,16and16additiona
l1 6 1 6 Be16used
by16women16taking16this16drug16and16using16oral16contraceptives,16transdermal,16or16vaginal1
6ring16preparations.16Additional16backup16contraception16should16be16used16if16taking16antifu
ngal16agents.16No16additional16protection16is16needed16thought16the16week16of16placebo16pills.
16Missing16one16single16dose16of16contraceptive16does16not16require16additional16protection,16
missing16more16than16one16doses16does.
5) mmol/L),16LDL=1619016mg/dL16(4.9416mmol/L),16HDL=162516mg/dL16(6516mmol/L),16an
d16triglycerides=1634416mg/dL16(8.9416mmol/L).16What16agent16have16the16greatest16effect16on16i
mproving16her16lipid16profile16and16reducing16morbidity16and16mortality16associates16with16d
yslipidemia?
a. Atorvastatin
b. Niacin16(Niaspan)
c. Omega16316fatty16acids
d. Fenofibrates1 6 -16ANSWERS-16Atorvastatin
Explanation:16First16and16foremost,16it16is16essential16to16educate16individuals16on16a16heart-
healthy16lifestyle.16LDL-
C16is16one16of16the16major16culprits16in16the16development16of16atherosclerotic16heart16disease.16T
he16target16level16of16LDL-
