NUR 631 FINAL EXAM, PRACTICE EXAM AND
STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+
Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom?
a. Excessive mucus production
b. Elevated blood glucose levels
c. Low sodium content in perspiration
d. Abnormally thin exocrine secretions - ANSWER>> a. Excessive
mucus production
Exp: Excessive mucus production characterizes cystic fibrosis.
However, the pathophysiologic triad that is the hallmark of cystic
fibrosis includes (1) pancreatic enzyme deficiency, which causes
maldigestion; (2) overproduction of mucus in the respiratory tract
and an inability to clear secretions, which cause progressive
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and (3) abnormally
elevated sodium and chloride concentrations in sweat. Exocrine
secretions tend to be abnormally thick and precipitate in the
glandular ducts, obstructing flow. An elevated blood glucose level
is not associated with this disorder page 1494
Which medication compensates for the deficiency that occurs as
a result of cystic fibrosis?
a. Salt tablets
,b. Pancreatic enzymes
c. Antihypertensives
d. Antibiotics - b.
ANSWER>> Pancreatic
enzymes
Exp: Pancreatic replacement enzymes are administered before or
with meals, and high/calorie, high/protein diets with frequent
snacks and vitamin supplements are used to treat the deficiency.
page 1494
What causes a person with cystic fibrosis to experience an
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?
a. Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus.
b. Impaired blood supply to the pancreas causes ischemia.
c. A genetically impaired pancreas is unable to produce digestive
enzymes.
d. The pancreas has a volvulus at the ampulla of water -
ANSWER>> a. Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus.
Exp: Approximately 85% of individuals with cystic fibrosis
experience pancreatic insufficiency. Obstruction of the pancreatic
ducts with thick mucus blocks the flow of pancreatic enzymes and
causes degenerative and fibrotic changes in the pancreas. This
selection is the only option that accurately describes why an
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is observed in individuals
diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. page 1494
What is the cause of faulty digestion of fats in those diagnosed
with cystic fibrosis?
a Bile ducts obstructed with mucus, prohibiting the release of bile
b. Failure to metabolize fat/soluble vitamins
c. Deficiency of pancreatic enzymes
d. Fat malabsorption that now occurs in the jejunum -
ANSWER>> c. Deficiency of pancreatic enzymes
,Exp: Severe problems with maldigestion of proteins,
carbohydrates, and fats occur because of the insufficient
secretion of pancreatic enzymes. This selection is the only option
that accurately describes why fatty stools are observed in
individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. page 1494
Which disorder is characterized by damage to the mucosa of the
duodenum and jejunum and impaired secretion of secretin,
cholecystokinin, and pancreatic enzymes?
a. Wilson disease
c. Gluten/sensitive enteropathy
d. c.
Galactosemi ANSWER>> Gluten/sensitiv
a- e enteropathy
b. Cystic fibrosis
Exp: Gluten/sensitive enteropathy is characterized by damage to
the mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum and has secondary
effects that exacerbate malabsorption. The secretion of intestinal
hormones, such as secretin and cholecystokinin, may be
diminished. Because these chemical messengers are scarce,
secretion of pancreatic enzymes and expulsion of bile from the
gallbladder decrease. These statements are not true of the other
options. page 1495
What factor associated with gluten/sensitive enteropathy (celiac
sprue) causes an infant to bruise and bleed easily?
a. Vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption
b. Bone marrow function depression
c. Iron, folate, and B12 deficiency anemias
d. Prescribed daily warfarin ;Coumadin - ANSWER>> a. Vitamin
K deficiency from fat malabsorption
Exp: Deficiencies of fat/soluble vitamins (such as vitamin K) are
common in children with gluten/sensitive enteropathy. Vitamin K
malabsorption leads to hypoprothrombinemia, causing the child to
, bruise and bleed easily. This selection is the only option that
accurately describes the mechanism that causes bruising and
bleeding in children diagnosed with celiac sprue. page 1497
In an infant who is 6 weeks old, an increase in bilirubin production
and persistent jaundice support which diagnosis?
a. Pathologic hyperbilirubinemia
b. Physiologic
Jaundice
c. Hepatitis
A
d. Infantile a. Pathologic
cirrhosis - ANSWER>> hyperbilirubine
mia
Exp: Physiologic jaundice develops during the second or third day
after birth and usually subsides in 1 to 2 weeks in full/term infants
and in 2 to 4 weeks in premature infants. After this development,
increased bilirubin values and persistent jaundice indicate
pathologic hyperbilirubinemia. This selection is the only option
that accurately identifies the diagnosis associated with these
symptoms and timeline. page 1500 - 1501
Physiologic jaundice in a newborn is caused by:
a. Reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine
b. Impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin
c. Increased bilirubin production
d. Mild conjugated (indirect-reacting) hyperbilirubinemia -
ANSWER>> d. Mild conjugated (indirect-reacting)
hyperbilirubinemia
Exp: page 1500
In children, the risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) are primarily
associated with:
a. Living in urban communities
STUDY GUIDE NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY
GRADED A+
Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom?
a. Excessive mucus production
b. Elevated blood glucose levels
c. Low sodium content in perspiration
d. Abnormally thin exocrine secretions - ANSWER>> a. Excessive
mucus production
Exp: Excessive mucus production characterizes cystic fibrosis.
However, the pathophysiologic triad that is the hallmark of cystic
fibrosis includes (1) pancreatic enzyme deficiency, which causes
maldigestion; (2) overproduction of mucus in the respiratory tract
and an inability to clear secretions, which cause progressive
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and (3) abnormally
elevated sodium and chloride concentrations in sweat. Exocrine
secretions tend to be abnormally thick and precipitate in the
glandular ducts, obstructing flow. An elevated blood glucose level
is not associated with this disorder page 1494
Which medication compensates for the deficiency that occurs as
a result of cystic fibrosis?
a. Salt tablets
,b. Pancreatic enzymes
c. Antihypertensives
d. Antibiotics - b.
ANSWER>> Pancreatic
enzymes
Exp: Pancreatic replacement enzymes are administered before or
with meals, and high/calorie, high/protein diets with frequent
snacks and vitamin supplements are used to treat the deficiency.
page 1494
What causes a person with cystic fibrosis to experience an
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?
a. Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus.
b. Impaired blood supply to the pancreas causes ischemia.
c. A genetically impaired pancreas is unable to produce digestive
enzymes.
d. The pancreas has a volvulus at the ampulla of water -
ANSWER>> a. Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus.
Exp: Approximately 85% of individuals with cystic fibrosis
experience pancreatic insufficiency. Obstruction of the pancreatic
ducts with thick mucus blocks the flow of pancreatic enzymes and
causes degenerative and fibrotic changes in the pancreas. This
selection is the only option that accurately describes why an
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is observed in individuals
diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. page 1494
What is the cause of faulty digestion of fats in those diagnosed
with cystic fibrosis?
a Bile ducts obstructed with mucus, prohibiting the release of bile
b. Failure to metabolize fat/soluble vitamins
c. Deficiency of pancreatic enzymes
d. Fat malabsorption that now occurs in the jejunum -
ANSWER>> c. Deficiency of pancreatic enzymes
,Exp: Severe problems with maldigestion of proteins,
carbohydrates, and fats occur because of the insufficient
secretion of pancreatic enzymes. This selection is the only option
that accurately describes why fatty stools are observed in
individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. page 1494
Which disorder is characterized by damage to the mucosa of the
duodenum and jejunum and impaired secretion of secretin,
cholecystokinin, and pancreatic enzymes?
a. Wilson disease
c. Gluten/sensitive enteropathy
d. c.
Galactosemi ANSWER>> Gluten/sensitiv
a- e enteropathy
b. Cystic fibrosis
Exp: Gluten/sensitive enteropathy is characterized by damage to
the mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum and has secondary
effects that exacerbate malabsorption. The secretion of intestinal
hormones, such as secretin and cholecystokinin, may be
diminished. Because these chemical messengers are scarce,
secretion of pancreatic enzymes and expulsion of bile from the
gallbladder decrease. These statements are not true of the other
options. page 1495
What factor associated with gluten/sensitive enteropathy (celiac
sprue) causes an infant to bruise and bleed easily?
a. Vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption
b. Bone marrow function depression
c. Iron, folate, and B12 deficiency anemias
d. Prescribed daily warfarin ;Coumadin - ANSWER>> a. Vitamin
K deficiency from fat malabsorption
Exp: Deficiencies of fat/soluble vitamins (such as vitamin K) are
common in children with gluten/sensitive enteropathy. Vitamin K
malabsorption leads to hypoprothrombinemia, causing the child to
, bruise and bleed easily. This selection is the only option that
accurately describes the mechanism that causes bruising and
bleeding in children diagnosed with celiac sprue. page 1497
In an infant who is 6 weeks old, an increase in bilirubin production
and persistent jaundice support which diagnosis?
a. Pathologic hyperbilirubinemia
b. Physiologic
Jaundice
c. Hepatitis
A
d. Infantile a. Pathologic
cirrhosis - ANSWER>> hyperbilirubine
mia
Exp: Physiologic jaundice develops during the second or third day
after birth and usually subsides in 1 to 2 weeks in full/term infants
and in 2 to 4 weeks in premature infants. After this development,
increased bilirubin values and persistent jaundice indicate
pathologic hyperbilirubinemia. This selection is the only option
that accurately identifies the diagnosis associated with these
symptoms and timeline. page 1500 - 1501
Physiologic jaundice in a newborn is caused by:
a. Reabsorption of bilirubin in the small intestine
b. Impaired hepatic uptake and excretion of bilirubin
c. Increased bilirubin production
d. Mild conjugated (indirect-reacting) hyperbilirubinemia -
ANSWER>> d. Mild conjugated (indirect-reacting)
hyperbilirubinemia
Exp: page 1500
In children, the risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) are primarily
associated with:
a. Living in urban communities
