NIH EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
As such, the relationship between investigators and human subjects is critical and should
be based on ___, ___, and ___.
honesty, trust, and respect
Nazi Medical War Crimes (1939-1945) "Medical experiments" were performed on
thousands of concentration camp prisoners and included deadly studies and tortures such
as _____
injecting people with gasoline and live viruses
immersing people in ice water
forcing people to ingest poisons
The Nuremberg Military Tribunals found that the defendants had:
1. Corrupted the ethics of the medical and scientific professions
2. Repeatedly and deliberately violated the rights of the subjects
In the August 1947 verdict, the judges included a section called Permissible Medical
Experiments. This section became known as the ____ and was the first international code
of research ethics.
Nuremberg Code
The Code provides ten Directives for Human Experimentation
1. need voluntary consent
2. The experiment must yield generalizable knowledge that could not be obtained in any other
way and is not random and unnecessary in nature
3. try animals first
4. All unnecessary physical and mental suffering and injury should be avoided
5. No experiment should be conducted if there is reason to believe that death or disabling injury
will occur
6. The degree of risk to subjects should never exceed the humanitarian importance of the
, problem
7. Risks to the subjects should be minimized through proper preparations
8. Experiments should only be conducted by scientifically qualified investigators
9. Subjects should always be at liberty to withdraw from experiments
10. Investigators must be ready to end the experiment at any stage if there is cause to believe that
continuing the experiment is likely to result in injury, disability or death to the subject
The Syphilis Study at Tuskegee- who performed this
conducted by the United States Public Health Service in Tuskegee, Alabama
This study of the natural history of untreated syphilis was initiated in the 1930s and
continued until ___
1972
The Syphilis Study at Tuskegee involved approximately ___ African-American men:
600
400- with syphilis
200 controls
did they get consent for this
no
they found PCN to tx it in 1940- but didnt
instead they let the study continue
Outcomes of the Syphilis Study at Tuskegee
1. National Research Act of 1974
2. Basic HHS Policy for Protection of Human Research Subjects
3. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral
Research
ANSWERS!!
As such, the relationship between investigators and human subjects is critical and should
be based on ___, ___, and ___.
honesty, trust, and respect
Nazi Medical War Crimes (1939-1945) "Medical experiments" were performed on
thousands of concentration camp prisoners and included deadly studies and tortures such
as _____
injecting people with gasoline and live viruses
immersing people in ice water
forcing people to ingest poisons
The Nuremberg Military Tribunals found that the defendants had:
1. Corrupted the ethics of the medical and scientific professions
2. Repeatedly and deliberately violated the rights of the subjects
In the August 1947 verdict, the judges included a section called Permissible Medical
Experiments. This section became known as the ____ and was the first international code
of research ethics.
Nuremberg Code
The Code provides ten Directives for Human Experimentation
1. need voluntary consent
2. The experiment must yield generalizable knowledge that could not be obtained in any other
way and is not random and unnecessary in nature
3. try animals first
4. All unnecessary physical and mental suffering and injury should be avoided
5. No experiment should be conducted if there is reason to believe that death or disabling injury
will occur
6. The degree of risk to subjects should never exceed the humanitarian importance of the
, problem
7. Risks to the subjects should be minimized through proper preparations
8. Experiments should only be conducted by scientifically qualified investigators
9. Subjects should always be at liberty to withdraw from experiments
10. Investigators must be ready to end the experiment at any stage if there is cause to believe that
continuing the experiment is likely to result in injury, disability or death to the subject
The Syphilis Study at Tuskegee- who performed this
conducted by the United States Public Health Service in Tuskegee, Alabama
This study of the natural history of untreated syphilis was initiated in the 1930s and
continued until ___
1972
The Syphilis Study at Tuskegee involved approximately ___ African-American men:
600
400- with syphilis
200 controls
did they get consent for this
no
they found PCN to tx it in 1940- but didnt
instead they let the study continue
Outcomes of the Syphilis Study at Tuskegee
1. National Research Act of 1974
2. Basic HHS Policy for Protection of Human Research Subjects
3. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral
Research
