Chapter 5 Evidence-Based Practice Questions With
Complete Solutions
A 50-year-old patient complains of hair loss. A scraping of the
patient's scalp shows a candida infection. The hair loss
decreased with the use of a medicated shampoo and herbal oil.
The nurse has developed a PICOT question and starts to search
for the evidence. The nurse has reviewed many books and
searched for information on the Internet. The nurse also
consulted other health care professionals and found that herbal
oils have an antifungal medicinal value. Which should be the
nurse do next? Select all that apply.
1
Recommend a protocol if the evidence supports the use of herbal
oil.
2
Conduct a pilot study if the evidence is not strong enough to
support the use of herbal oils.
3
Keep all the data of the study confidential and share outcomes
with staff who are affected by the results.
4
Conduct the research study even if the PICOT question goes
unanswered after the study.
5
Avoid recommending any changes in the Correct Answers 1,
2, 4
Once the nurse finds information supporting the use of herbal
oils, the nurse should take steps to implement this change in
practice and evaluate the outcomes. Following the evaluation,
,the nurse can recommend a related protocol. If the evidence is
not strong enough, the nurse can conduct a pilot study to test the
use of herbal oils in hair loss. If the PICOT question remains
unanswered after evaluation, then a research study can be
conducted. Following the outcome evaluation, the results should
be shared with the staff to promote evidence-based practice. If
the evaluation of the study shows that herbal oil is useful, then
the nurse is allowed to recommend this change in protocol.
A 50-year-old woman complains of hair loss. When going
through the medical records, the nurse finds that the patient
underwent chemotherapy for breast cancer a few years ago. To
determine a relationship between hair loss and chemotherapy,
the nurse formulates a PICOT question. Which points should the
nurse keep in mind when developing a PICOT question? Select
all that apply.
1
The sequence of P, I, C, O, and T should be followed.
2
The I in PICOT refers to intervention of interest.
3
PICOT helps to ask an intervention-focused question.
4
The elements P and O can be skipped.
5
PICOT helps to identify knowledge gaps within a given clinical
situation. Correct Answers 2, 3, 5
A well-focused question makes it easy to gather evidence. A
PICOT question is very useful for evidence-based practice. The
I in PICOT refers to intervention of interest. A well-framed
, PICOT question helps to keep the research question focused on
intervention. A well-formed PICOT questions also helps to
question the existing routines and identify knowledge gaps
within a given clinical situation. The sequence of P, I, C, O, and
T is not mandatory in developing the PICOT question. The
components I, C, and T may not be suitable to be used in every
PICOT question, so they can be skipped accordingly.
A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with lung cancer and has a
history of smoking. To find the association between smoking
and lung cancer, the nurse decides to use a case-control study.
Before proceeding to implementation, the nurse should obtain
informed consent from the study subjects. Which are involved in
informed consent? Select all that apply.
1
The patient and a family member should sign the consent form.
2
The patient should be capable of understanding the research
procedure.
3
Once the patient has signed the forms, the patient must
participate until the end of the research.
4
Informed consent ensures the patient that all the information of
the study will be confidential.
5
The patient has the right to refuse to participate at any point of
time in the research. Correct Answers 2, 4, 5
Informed consent means that the research subjects are given full
and complete information about the study, including the purpose
Complete Solutions
A 50-year-old patient complains of hair loss. A scraping of the
patient's scalp shows a candida infection. The hair loss
decreased with the use of a medicated shampoo and herbal oil.
The nurse has developed a PICOT question and starts to search
for the evidence. The nurse has reviewed many books and
searched for information on the Internet. The nurse also
consulted other health care professionals and found that herbal
oils have an antifungal medicinal value. Which should be the
nurse do next? Select all that apply.
1
Recommend a protocol if the evidence supports the use of herbal
oil.
2
Conduct a pilot study if the evidence is not strong enough to
support the use of herbal oils.
3
Keep all the data of the study confidential and share outcomes
with staff who are affected by the results.
4
Conduct the research study even if the PICOT question goes
unanswered after the study.
5
Avoid recommending any changes in the Correct Answers 1,
2, 4
Once the nurse finds information supporting the use of herbal
oils, the nurse should take steps to implement this change in
practice and evaluate the outcomes. Following the evaluation,
,the nurse can recommend a related protocol. If the evidence is
not strong enough, the nurse can conduct a pilot study to test the
use of herbal oils in hair loss. If the PICOT question remains
unanswered after evaluation, then a research study can be
conducted. Following the outcome evaluation, the results should
be shared with the staff to promote evidence-based practice. If
the evaluation of the study shows that herbal oil is useful, then
the nurse is allowed to recommend this change in protocol.
A 50-year-old woman complains of hair loss. When going
through the medical records, the nurse finds that the patient
underwent chemotherapy for breast cancer a few years ago. To
determine a relationship between hair loss and chemotherapy,
the nurse formulates a PICOT question. Which points should the
nurse keep in mind when developing a PICOT question? Select
all that apply.
1
The sequence of P, I, C, O, and T should be followed.
2
The I in PICOT refers to intervention of interest.
3
PICOT helps to ask an intervention-focused question.
4
The elements P and O can be skipped.
5
PICOT helps to identify knowledge gaps within a given clinical
situation. Correct Answers 2, 3, 5
A well-focused question makes it easy to gather evidence. A
PICOT question is very useful for evidence-based practice. The
I in PICOT refers to intervention of interest. A well-framed
, PICOT question helps to keep the research question focused on
intervention. A well-formed PICOT questions also helps to
question the existing routines and identify knowledge gaps
within a given clinical situation. The sequence of P, I, C, O, and
T is not mandatory in developing the PICOT question. The
components I, C, and T may not be suitable to be used in every
PICOT question, so they can be skipped accordingly.
A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with lung cancer and has a
history of smoking. To find the association between smoking
and lung cancer, the nurse decides to use a case-control study.
Before proceeding to implementation, the nurse should obtain
informed consent from the study subjects. Which are involved in
informed consent? Select all that apply.
1
The patient and a family member should sign the consent form.
2
The patient should be capable of understanding the research
procedure.
3
Once the patient has signed the forms, the patient must
participate until the end of the research.
4
Informed consent ensures the patient that all the information of
the study will be confidential.
5
The patient has the right to refuse to participate at any point of
time in the research. Correct Answers 2, 4, 5
Informed consent means that the research subjects are given full
and complete information about the study, including the purpose
