NUR 452 Final Exam Rangel ASU
Questions With Correct Answers
Compare |and |contrast |community-oriented |and |community-based |nursing |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Community-oriented |nursing:
-goal |is |to |preserve, |protect, |promote, |or |maintain |health |of |individuals, |families, |groups. |
populations, |communities
-health |care |to |promote |quality |of |life
-also |called |population |health/ |population |focused/ |population |oriented
-main |focus |is |community/population |health
-no |direct |care |for |individual
-ex. |family |w/diabetes, |school |nurse, |community |outreach |program, |long |time, |upstream |
based, |public |health
-ex. |school |nurse |educates |students |on |safe |sex |practices
-Community-based |nursing:
-focus |on |illness |care |of |individuals |and |families
-manage |acute |and |chronic |illness |in |the |community
-family |centered |illness |care
-examples→ |pediatric |nurses, |mental |health |nursing, |home |health |nurse
-ex. |client |w/ |diabetes, |referral, |client |specific |care |(episodic), |short |time |(acute |issues), |
provider |driven
-ex. |mother |who |lacks |medical |insurance |and |brings |sick |child |in |to |clinic |in |her |neighborhood
-ex. |man |who |seeks |help |for |care |at |community |clinic |after |cutting |foot |while |walking |barefoot
|on |the |street
Apply |the |public |health |core |functions |to |the |health |of |a |community/population |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Core |Public |Health |Functions |and |Ten |Essential |Services:
-Core |Function: |Assessment
,-ex. |glucose |screening, |assessing |STI |rate, |ht |and |wt |of |kids |in |a |class
Monitor |health |status→ |identify |community |health |problems
Diagnose |& |investigate→ |health |problems |& |health |hazards |in |the |community
-Core |Function: |Policy |Development
Inform, |educate, |& |empower→ |about |health |issues
Mobilize |community |partnerships→ |identify |& |solve |health |problems
Develop |policies→ |plans |that |support |individual |& |community |health |efforts
-Core |Function: |Assurance
Enforce |laws→ |laws |and |regulations |that |protect |health |and |assure |safety
Link |to/provide |care→ |link |people |to |needed |personal |health |services |and |assure |the |
provision |of |health |care |when |otherwise |unavailable |(ex. |if |hospitals |shuts |down, |provides |
mobile |health |clinics)
Assure |competent |workforce→ |both |for |public |health |and |personal |healthcare |(ex. |take |
trainings |like |how |to |give |vaccines)
Evaluate→ |effectiveness, |accessibility, |and |quality |of |personal |and |population-based |health |
services
Research→ |new |insights |and |innovative |solutions |to |health |problems
Differentiate |upstream |versus |downstream |thinking |in |community |health |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Upstream: |determinants |of |health |are |overarching |factors |that |are |largely |
outside |of |the |control |of |the |individual |and |which |have |significant |trickle-down |effects |on |
other, |more |proximal |determinants |of |public |health
ex. |screening |for |HTN |knowing |you |have |a |family |hx |of |it
-Downstream: |determinants |of |public |health |can |be |seen |as |the |outcomes |of |up |and |
midstream |factors |and |variables, |downstream |determinants |are |more |easily |mitigated |or |
prevented |by |the |individual |such |as |a |change |in |eating |habits |or |reducing |risk |on |the |job
ex. |screening |for |suspicion |of |HTN
, Describe |factors |contributing |to |vulnerability |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Vulnerability→ |
susceptibility |to |actual |or |potential |stressors |that |may |lead |to |an |adverse |effect
-Vulnerable |population→ |those |groups |who |have |an |increased |risk |for |developing |adverse |
health |outcomes
-Ex. |poverty |and |homelessness, |migrant |heath, |teen |pregnancy, |mental |health, |substance |
abuse, |violence |and |human |abuse, |infetious |and |communicable |diseases, |high |risk |mothers |
and |infants, |chronic |illness/disability, |persons |with |HIV/AIDS, |immigrants |and |refugees
-Factors→ |physical |resources |(poverty, |limited |social |support), |environmental |resources |
(hazardous |work), |personal |resources |(human |capital), |biopsychosocial |resources |(illness, |
genetic |predisposition)
-Human |capital |refers |to |all |the |strengths, |knoweldge |and |skills |that |enable |a |person |to |live |a |
productive |and |happy |life; |people |with |little |education |have |less |human |capital |because |their |
choices |are |more |limited
Examine |health |disparities |of |various |countries, |such |as |developed |vs. |developing |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Health |disparities→ |differences |in |the |incidence, |prevalence, |mortality, |and |
burden |of |disease |and |other |adverse |health |conditions |that |exist |among |specific |population |
groups |and |differences |that |occur |by |gender, |race, |or |ethnicty, |education |or |incomes, |disabiliy,
|rural |locations, |sexual |orientations
-Can |be |unavoidable, |avoidable |and |stereotyping |and |prejudice |can |be |involved
-Ex. |breast |cancer |mortality, |breast |cancer |screening, |diabetes, |early |and |adequate |prenatal |
care, |health |care |access, |health |insurance, |cardiovascular |disease, |immunizations,
|infant/fetal/perinatal |morality, |cervical |cancer, |obesity, |pain |management, |pap |smear, |
pregnancy |mortality |rate, |preventivie |care, |prostate |cancer |mortality, |quality |of |palliative |care
-Developed |country→ |stable |economy, |wide |range |of |industrial |and |technological |
development |(ex. |US, |Japan, |Sweden, |France)
-More |likely |to |die |of |chronic |diseases
-Developing |country→ |economy |not |stable, |not |stable |in |respect |to |technological |
development |(ex. |Bangladesh, |Haiti, |Guatemala)
-More |likely |to |die |of |infectious |diseases
-Health |disparities→ |communicable |diseases, |diarrheal |disease, |maternal |and |women's |health,
|nutrition |and |world |health, |natural |and |man-made |disasters
Questions With Correct Answers
Compare |and |contrast |community-oriented |and |community-based |nursing |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Community-oriented |nursing:
-goal |is |to |preserve, |protect, |promote, |or |maintain |health |of |individuals, |families, |groups. |
populations, |communities
-health |care |to |promote |quality |of |life
-also |called |population |health/ |population |focused/ |population |oriented
-main |focus |is |community/population |health
-no |direct |care |for |individual
-ex. |family |w/diabetes, |school |nurse, |community |outreach |program, |long |time, |upstream |
based, |public |health
-ex. |school |nurse |educates |students |on |safe |sex |practices
-Community-based |nursing:
-focus |on |illness |care |of |individuals |and |families
-manage |acute |and |chronic |illness |in |the |community
-family |centered |illness |care
-examples→ |pediatric |nurses, |mental |health |nursing, |home |health |nurse
-ex. |client |w/ |diabetes, |referral, |client |specific |care |(episodic), |short |time |(acute |issues), |
provider |driven
-ex. |mother |who |lacks |medical |insurance |and |brings |sick |child |in |to |clinic |in |her |neighborhood
-ex. |man |who |seeks |help |for |care |at |community |clinic |after |cutting |foot |while |walking |barefoot
|on |the |street
Apply |the |public |health |core |functions |to |the |health |of |a |community/population |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Core |Public |Health |Functions |and |Ten |Essential |Services:
-Core |Function: |Assessment
,-ex. |glucose |screening, |assessing |STI |rate, |ht |and |wt |of |kids |in |a |class
Monitor |health |status→ |identify |community |health |problems
Diagnose |& |investigate→ |health |problems |& |health |hazards |in |the |community
-Core |Function: |Policy |Development
Inform, |educate, |& |empower→ |about |health |issues
Mobilize |community |partnerships→ |identify |& |solve |health |problems
Develop |policies→ |plans |that |support |individual |& |community |health |efforts
-Core |Function: |Assurance
Enforce |laws→ |laws |and |regulations |that |protect |health |and |assure |safety
Link |to/provide |care→ |link |people |to |needed |personal |health |services |and |assure |the |
provision |of |health |care |when |otherwise |unavailable |(ex. |if |hospitals |shuts |down, |provides |
mobile |health |clinics)
Assure |competent |workforce→ |both |for |public |health |and |personal |healthcare |(ex. |take |
trainings |like |how |to |give |vaccines)
Evaluate→ |effectiveness, |accessibility, |and |quality |of |personal |and |population-based |health |
services
Research→ |new |insights |and |innovative |solutions |to |health |problems
Differentiate |upstream |versus |downstream |thinking |in |community |health |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Upstream: |determinants |of |health |are |overarching |factors |that |are |largely |
outside |of |the |control |of |the |individual |and |which |have |significant |trickle-down |effects |on |
other, |more |proximal |determinants |of |public |health
ex. |screening |for |HTN |knowing |you |have |a |family |hx |of |it
-Downstream: |determinants |of |public |health |can |be |seen |as |the |outcomes |of |up |and |
midstream |factors |and |variables, |downstream |determinants |are |more |easily |mitigated |or |
prevented |by |the |individual |such |as |a |change |in |eating |habits |or |reducing |risk |on |the |job
ex. |screening |for |suspicion |of |HTN
, Describe |factors |contributing |to |vulnerability |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Vulnerability→ |
susceptibility |to |actual |or |potential |stressors |that |may |lead |to |an |adverse |effect
-Vulnerable |population→ |those |groups |who |have |an |increased |risk |for |developing |adverse |
health |outcomes
-Ex. |poverty |and |homelessness, |migrant |heath, |teen |pregnancy, |mental |health, |substance |
abuse, |violence |and |human |abuse, |infetious |and |communicable |diseases, |high |risk |mothers |
and |infants, |chronic |illness/disability, |persons |with |HIV/AIDS, |immigrants |and |refugees
-Factors→ |physical |resources |(poverty, |limited |social |support), |environmental |resources |
(hazardous |work), |personal |resources |(human |capital), |biopsychosocial |resources |(illness, |
genetic |predisposition)
-Human |capital |refers |to |all |the |strengths, |knoweldge |and |skills |that |enable |a |person |to |live |a |
productive |and |happy |life; |people |with |little |education |have |less |human |capital |because |their |
choices |are |more |limited
Examine |health |disparities |of |various |countries, |such |as |developed |vs. |developing |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔--Health |disparities→ |differences |in |the |incidence, |prevalence, |mortality, |and |
burden |of |disease |and |other |adverse |health |conditions |that |exist |among |specific |population |
groups |and |differences |that |occur |by |gender, |race, |or |ethnicty, |education |or |incomes, |disabiliy,
|rural |locations, |sexual |orientations
-Can |be |unavoidable, |avoidable |and |stereotyping |and |prejudice |can |be |involved
-Ex. |breast |cancer |mortality, |breast |cancer |screening, |diabetes, |early |and |adequate |prenatal |
care, |health |care |access, |health |insurance, |cardiovascular |disease, |immunizations,
|infant/fetal/perinatal |morality, |cervical |cancer, |obesity, |pain |management, |pap |smear, |
pregnancy |mortality |rate, |preventivie |care, |prostate |cancer |mortality, |quality |of |palliative |care
-Developed |country→ |stable |economy, |wide |range |of |industrial |and |technological |
development |(ex. |US, |Japan, |Sweden, |France)
-More |likely |to |die |of |chronic |diseases
-Developing |country→ |economy |not |stable, |not |stable |in |respect |to |technological |
development |(ex. |Bangladesh, |Haiti, |Guatemala)
-More |likely |to |die |of |infectious |diseases
-Health |disparities→ |communicable |diseases, |diarrheal |disease, |maternal |and |women's |health,
|nutrition |and |world |health, |natural |and |man-made |disasters
