ACLS Red cross
- answers✔✔Looking at the image of the heart's conduction system, where is the AV node?
- answers✔✔Which of the following rhythm strips is showing pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?
- answers✔✔Which shows atrial flutter?
- answers✔✔Which shows first-degree AV block?
- answers✔✔Which shows sinus bradycardia?
- answers✔✔Which shows third-degree AV block?
-"I've been so anxious lately because I just lost my job."
-"I've had a terrible cold with a horrible cough for the past week and today I developed a fever."
-"I've been vomiting for the past 2 days from a gastrointestinal bug." - answers✔✔Cardiac monitoring
reveals a tachyarrhythmia. The patient is hemodynamically stable and has a regular heart rate ranging
from 120 to 135 beats per minute. Which statements by the patient could the team interpret as
contributing to the tachyarrhythmia?
-Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body
-Using an endovascular catheter-Giving an ice
-cold IV fluid bolus - answers✔✔After cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation, the patient has a
return of spontaneous circulation. The patient is unable to follow verbal commands. Targeted
temperature management is initiated. Which method(s) would be appropriate for the resuscitation
team to use?
,-Arterial blood gases may be used to guide ventilation and oxygenation in the post-cardiac arrest
patient.
-Perfusion should be assessed and maintained to ensure the best outcome for the post-cardiac arrest
patient. - answers✔✔Which statements accurately reflect the recommendations for post-cardiac arrest
patient care?
-Epinephrine or dopamine infusion Correct
-Transcutaneous pacing - answers✔✔A patient with bradycardia and signs of hemodynamic compromise
does not respond to atropine. Which interventions could the healthcare provider use next?
-Initiate a dopamine infusion
-Administer atropine
-Initiate transcutaneous pacing - answers✔✔For a patient with third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
and a blood pressure of 70/48 mmHg, what interventions should be considered?
-Post-cardiac arrest neuroprognostication should be multimodal.
-Decision-making related to the continuation or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments should be
delayed until 72 hours after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and following return to
normothermia. - answers✔✔Which statements accurately reflect the recommendations for post-cardiac
arrest neuroprognostication?
-SaO2 90%
-PaCO2 48 mmHg
-ETCO2 55 mmHg - answers✔✔A patient in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation.
As part of post-cardiac arrest care, the patient is receiving mechanical ventilation at an initial rate of 10
breaths/min and a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.30. Which finding(s) would indicate the need
for change in the ventilator settings to optimize the patient's ventilation and oxygenation?
-Verapamil
-Digoxin
-Metoprolol - answers✔✔The ECG rhythm strip of a patient who arrived in the emergency department
complaining of dizziness, syncope and shortness of breath reveals sinus bradycardia. When reviewing
,the patient's medication history, the healthcare provider identifies which agent(s) as a potential cause of
the patient's current condition?
-Visual function
-Language deficits
-Facial Palsy
-Level of consciousness - answers✔✔Which areas are evaluated using the National Institutes of Health
Stroke Scale (NIHSS)?
"Haley, please prepare Mr. Hernandez for transcutaneous pacing."
"Valerie, please administer 1 milligram atropine by rapid IV push." - answers✔✔Three minutes after the
initial dose of atropine is administered, Mr. Hernandez's heart rate has increased slightly to 34 bpm, but
there is no change in his clinical condition. How should Dr. Hudson direct the team's next actions?
"Kirron, please continue compressions."
"Charmar, please charge the defibrillator." - answers✔✔Review the rhythm shown here and then decide
how Dr. Ruiz should direct the team's immediate next actions.
"We provided chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute while giving 1
ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions." - answers✔✔A resuscitation team is
debriefing following a recent event. A patient experienced cardiac arrest, and advanced life support was
initiated. The patient required the placement of an advanced airway to maintain airway patency. Which
statement indicates that the team performed high-quality CPR?
0.15 mV - answers✔✔A 35-year-old female patient's ECG is consistent with STEMI. The ECG reveals a
new ST-segment elevation at the J point in leads V2 and V3 of at least which size?
0.4 to 0.8 mg every 5 minutes - answers✔✔What is the dose of nitroglycerin (sublingual tablet or spray)
to be administered to a patient suspected of having an acute coronary syndrome?
, 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg - answers✔✔A patient in cardiac arrest has received one dose of lidocaine. What
dosage should the patient receive the next time lidocaine is administered?
1 mg - answers✔✔What is the correct dose of epinephrine to give?
1 ventilation every 6 seconds - answers✔✔At what rate should ventilations be supported?
1- to 2-L intravenous (IV) isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus
Mechanical circulatory support
Vasopressor infusion with epinephrine (2-10 mcg/min) - answers✔✔A post-cardiac arrest patient has a
systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mmHg. What interventions should be considered next?
1. Administer epinephrine.
2. Consider establishing an advanced airway.
3. Consider underlying causes (Hs and Ts). - answers✔✔In addition to resuming CPR, what other actions
should the team take at this time?
1. Hypovolemia
2. Hypoxia.
3. Hypothermia
4. acidosis
5. potassium imbalance
6. toxins
7. cardiac tamponade
8. tension pneumothorax
9. pulmonary embolism
10. myocardial infarction - answers✔✔When a patient is in cardiac arrest, it is important to consider
reversible underlying causes. What underlying causes should the team consider?
- answers✔✔Looking at the image of the heart's conduction system, where is the AV node?
- answers✔✔Which of the following rhythm strips is showing pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?
- answers✔✔Which shows atrial flutter?
- answers✔✔Which shows first-degree AV block?
- answers✔✔Which shows sinus bradycardia?
- answers✔✔Which shows third-degree AV block?
-"I've been so anxious lately because I just lost my job."
-"I've had a terrible cold with a horrible cough for the past week and today I developed a fever."
-"I've been vomiting for the past 2 days from a gastrointestinal bug." - answers✔✔Cardiac monitoring
reveals a tachyarrhythmia. The patient is hemodynamically stable and has a regular heart rate ranging
from 120 to 135 beats per minute. Which statements by the patient could the team interpret as
contributing to the tachyarrhythmia?
-Applying cooling blankets to the patient's body
-Using an endovascular catheter-Giving an ice
-cold IV fluid bolus - answers✔✔After cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation, the patient has a
return of spontaneous circulation. The patient is unable to follow verbal commands. Targeted
temperature management is initiated. Which method(s) would be appropriate for the resuscitation
team to use?
,-Arterial blood gases may be used to guide ventilation and oxygenation in the post-cardiac arrest
patient.
-Perfusion should be assessed and maintained to ensure the best outcome for the post-cardiac arrest
patient. - answers✔✔Which statements accurately reflect the recommendations for post-cardiac arrest
patient care?
-Epinephrine or dopamine infusion Correct
-Transcutaneous pacing - answers✔✔A patient with bradycardia and signs of hemodynamic compromise
does not respond to atropine. Which interventions could the healthcare provider use next?
-Initiate a dopamine infusion
-Administer atropine
-Initiate transcutaneous pacing - answers✔✔For a patient with third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
and a blood pressure of 70/48 mmHg, what interventions should be considered?
-Post-cardiac arrest neuroprognostication should be multimodal.
-Decision-making related to the continuation or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments should be
delayed until 72 hours after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and following return to
normothermia. - answers✔✔Which statements accurately reflect the recommendations for post-cardiac
arrest neuroprognostication?
-SaO2 90%
-PaCO2 48 mmHg
-ETCO2 55 mmHg - answers✔✔A patient in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation.
As part of post-cardiac arrest care, the patient is receiving mechanical ventilation at an initial rate of 10
breaths/min and a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.30. Which finding(s) would indicate the need
for change in the ventilator settings to optimize the patient's ventilation and oxygenation?
-Verapamil
-Digoxin
-Metoprolol - answers✔✔The ECG rhythm strip of a patient who arrived in the emergency department
complaining of dizziness, syncope and shortness of breath reveals sinus bradycardia. When reviewing
,the patient's medication history, the healthcare provider identifies which agent(s) as a potential cause of
the patient's current condition?
-Visual function
-Language deficits
-Facial Palsy
-Level of consciousness - answers✔✔Which areas are evaluated using the National Institutes of Health
Stroke Scale (NIHSS)?
"Haley, please prepare Mr. Hernandez for transcutaneous pacing."
"Valerie, please administer 1 milligram atropine by rapid IV push." - answers✔✔Three minutes after the
initial dose of atropine is administered, Mr. Hernandez's heart rate has increased slightly to 34 bpm, but
there is no change in his clinical condition. How should Dr. Hudson direct the team's next actions?
"Kirron, please continue compressions."
"Charmar, please charge the defibrillator." - answers✔✔Review the rhythm shown here and then decide
how Dr. Ruiz should direct the team's immediate next actions.
"We provided chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute while giving 1
ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions." - answers✔✔A resuscitation team is
debriefing following a recent event. A patient experienced cardiac arrest, and advanced life support was
initiated. The patient required the placement of an advanced airway to maintain airway patency. Which
statement indicates that the team performed high-quality CPR?
0.15 mV - answers✔✔A 35-year-old female patient's ECG is consistent with STEMI. The ECG reveals a
new ST-segment elevation at the J point in leads V2 and V3 of at least which size?
0.4 to 0.8 mg every 5 minutes - answers✔✔What is the dose of nitroglycerin (sublingual tablet or spray)
to be administered to a patient suspected of having an acute coronary syndrome?
, 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg - answers✔✔A patient in cardiac arrest has received one dose of lidocaine. What
dosage should the patient receive the next time lidocaine is administered?
1 mg - answers✔✔What is the correct dose of epinephrine to give?
1 ventilation every 6 seconds - answers✔✔At what rate should ventilations be supported?
1- to 2-L intravenous (IV) isotonic crystalloid fluid bolus
Mechanical circulatory support
Vasopressor infusion with epinephrine (2-10 mcg/min) - answers✔✔A post-cardiac arrest patient has a
systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mmHg. What interventions should be considered next?
1. Administer epinephrine.
2. Consider establishing an advanced airway.
3. Consider underlying causes (Hs and Ts). - answers✔✔In addition to resuming CPR, what other actions
should the team take at this time?
1. Hypovolemia
2. Hypoxia.
3. Hypothermia
4. acidosis
5. potassium imbalance
6. toxins
7. cardiac tamponade
8. tension pneumothorax
9. pulmonary embolism
10. myocardial infarction - answers✔✔When a patient is in cardiac arrest, it is important to consider
reversible underlying causes. What underlying causes should the team consider?
