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BIO 210 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS &
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS [GRADED A+]
Terms in this set (184) Q & A
>> Define anatomy.
-answer- The study of structure.
>> Define physiology.
-answer- The study of function.
>> Define homeostasis.
-answer- The body's ability to maintain a constant internal environment.
>> Define metabolism.
-answer- The sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur within body cells, including
catabolism (the breaking down of larger, more complex substances into smaller, simpler
building blocks) and anabolism (the building of larger, more complex substances from smaller,
simpler building blocks).
>> Define stimuli.
-answer- Changes.
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>> List the structural levels of organization from simplest to most complex. Explain each level.
-answer- 1. Atom - the basic unit of a chemical element
2. Molecule - 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together
3. Cell - the smallest living component of a living being
4. Tissue - a group of cells that performs a specific function
5. Organ - a group of different tissues that performs a specific function
6. Organ System - a group of different organs that performs a specific function
7. Organism - a group of different organ systems that work together to maintain life
>> Differentiate between negative feedback and positive feedback.
-answer- Negative feedback: original stimulus and response are opposites
Positive feedback: original stimulus and response are the same
>> Differentiate between visceral and parietal membranes. Name the fluid found between
these membranes.
-answer- Visceral membranes are located on the surface of the organs. Parietal membranes
line the cavity in which the organ is located.
Serous fluid
>> Define atom.
-answer- The basic unit of a chemical element
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>> Define element.
-answer- A unique substance that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical methods
>> Describe the structure of an atom. List the subatomic particles and their charges, and give
their locations in the atom.
-answer- Atoms are made up of 3 different subatomic particles:
1. Protons - positive charge
2. Neutrons - no charge
3. Electrons - negative charge
The nucleus, made up of protons and neutrons, has an overall positive charge and lies in the
middle of the atom. Surrounding the nucleus are energy levels (or shells) that house
electrons. These negatively charged electrons orbit around the nucleus (due to the magnetic
attraction between positive and negative charges).
>> Differentiate between atomic number and atomic mass.
-answer- Atomic number: number of protons
Atomic mass: number of protons + number of neutrons
>> Differentiate between ionic and covalent bonding.
-answer- Ionic bonding: also called electron transfer, one atom loses one or more electrons
and becomes positively charged while the other atom gains one or more electrons and
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becomes negatively charged. The attraction between positive and negative charges holds the
two atoms together.
Covalent bonding: also called electron sharing, two atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons
>> Differentiate between cations and anions.
-answer- Cations: positively charged ions
Anions: negatively charged ions
>> Differentiate between inorganic and organic molecules.
-answer- Organic compounds: contain carbon, made by living things, covalently bonded
Inorganic compounds: usually do not contain carbon (a few exceptions - carbon dioxide,
carbon monoxide)
>> Name the most important inorganic molecule and explain its importance.
-answer- Water
1. High heat capacity (absorbs/releases large amounts of heat before changing in
temperature)
BIO 210 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS &
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS [GRADED A+]
Terms in this set (184) Q & A
>> Define anatomy.
-answer- The study of structure.
>> Define physiology.
-answer- The study of function.
>> Define homeostasis.
-answer- The body's ability to maintain a constant internal environment.
>> Define metabolism.
-answer- The sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur within body cells, including
catabolism (the breaking down of larger, more complex substances into smaller, simpler
building blocks) and anabolism (the building of larger, more complex substances from smaller,
simpler building blocks).
>> Define stimuli.
-answer- Changes.
, Page 2 of 49
>> List the structural levels of organization from simplest to most complex. Explain each level.
-answer- 1. Atom - the basic unit of a chemical element
2. Molecule - 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together
3. Cell - the smallest living component of a living being
4. Tissue - a group of cells that performs a specific function
5. Organ - a group of different tissues that performs a specific function
6. Organ System - a group of different organs that performs a specific function
7. Organism - a group of different organ systems that work together to maintain life
>> Differentiate between negative feedback and positive feedback.
-answer- Negative feedback: original stimulus and response are opposites
Positive feedback: original stimulus and response are the same
>> Differentiate between visceral and parietal membranes. Name the fluid found between
these membranes.
-answer- Visceral membranes are located on the surface of the organs. Parietal membranes
line the cavity in which the organ is located.
Serous fluid
>> Define atom.
-answer- The basic unit of a chemical element
, Page 3 of 49
>> Define element.
-answer- A unique substance that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical methods
>> Describe the structure of an atom. List the subatomic particles and their charges, and give
their locations in the atom.
-answer- Atoms are made up of 3 different subatomic particles:
1. Protons - positive charge
2. Neutrons - no charge
3. Electrons - negative charge
The nucleus, made up of protons and neutrons, has an overall positive charge and lies in the
middle of the atom. Surrounding the nucleus are energy levels (or shells) that house
electrons. These negatively charged electrons orbit around the nucleus (due to the magnetic
attraction between positive and negative charges).
>> Differentiate between atomic number and atomic mass.
-answer- Atomic number: number of protons
Atomic mass: number of protons + number of neutrons
>> Differentiate between ionic and covalent bonding.
-answer- Ionic bonding: also called electron transfer, one atom loses one or more electrons
and becomes positively charged while the other atom gains one or more electrons and
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becomes negatively charged. The attraction between positive and negative charges holds the
two atoms together.
Covalent bonding: also called electron sharing, two atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons
>> Differentiate between cations and anions.
-answer- Cations: positively charged ions
Anions: negatively charged ions
>> Differentiate between inorganic and organic molecules.
-answer- Organic compounds: contain carbon, made by living things, covalently bonded
Inorganic compounds: usually do not contain carbon (a few exceptions - carbon dioxide,
carbon monoxide)
>> Name the most important inorganic molecule and explain its importance.
-answer- Water
1. High heat capacity (absorbs/releases large amounts of heat before changing in
temperature)
