NSC 150 Exam Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_an3260
1. Carbohydrates Function in body: main energy source for cells (nerves+ brain, red blood cells)
2. Glycemic Index measures how foods affect level of blood sugar, high GI foods >70 (sugar,
processed foods, starch) low GI foods <55 (fiber, protein, cooking)
3. Monosaccha- glucose, fructose, galactose
rides
4. Disaccharides sucrose, lactose, maltose
5. Polysaccharides complex carbohydrate macro molecules made from sugar molecules (starch,
glycogen, cellulose, chitin)
6. Starch broken down into glucose and absorbed
7. Fiber moves through small intestine undigested
8. What differenti- Both are carbs but fiber is different bc it's not digested by the human body in the
ates starch from same way
fiber?
9. Soluble Fiber dissolves in water, absorbed in stomach + intestines
Foods: beans, oats, apples, strawberries
Benefit: weight management + improving heart disease risk factors, low choles-
terol and blood sugar levels
10. Insoluble Fiber does not dissolve in water, absorbed in stomach + intestines
Foods: wheat, rice, veggies
Benefits: promotes GI health + protection against colon cancer
11. Insulin helps control blood sugar levels
-secreted from pancreas, released when wheat and glucose is absorbed into
bloodstream
, NSC 150 Exam Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_an3260
12. Glucagon prevents blood glucose from dropping too low, pancreas from dropping too low,
pancreas releases glucagon if levels too low
13. Type 1 Diabetes body cant produce enough insulin
14. Type 2 Diabetes body cells become less responsive to insulin
15. What is gluten? protein found in wheat, barley, and rye
16. What causes celi- gluten triggers it and can be gene related
ac disease?
17. Normal Fasting 70-100 mg/dl
Blood glucose
levels
18. Probiotic live microbes (healthy bacteria) applied to or ingested into the body, intended to
exert a beneficial effect
EX: yogurt, kombucha, cheese
19. Prebiotic a substance that passes undigested into the colon and stimulates the growth
and/or activity of certain types of bacteria
EX: fibers, honey, apples, bananas
20. What causes lac- lactase deficiency, lactose undigested and not absorbed
tose intolerance?
21. HDL (High Densi- the type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol back to the liver from the cells;
ty Lipoprotein) composed primarily of protein (healthy cholesterol)
22. LDL (low density "bad" cholesterol
lipoprotein) drops off cholesterol
Contributes to cardiovascular disease
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_an3260
1. Carbohydrates Function in body: main energy source for cells (nerves+ brain, red blood cells)
2. Glycemic Index measures how foods affect level of blood sugar, high GI foods >70 (sugar,
processed foods, starch) low GI foods <55 (fiber, protein, cooking)
3. Monosaccha- glucose, fructose, galactose
rides
4. Disaccharides sucrose, lactose, maltose
5. Polysaccharides complex carbohydrate macro molecules made from sugar molecules (starch,
glycogen, cellulose, chitin)
6. Starch broken down into glucose and absorbed
7. Fiber moves through small intestine undigested
8. What differenti- Both are carbs but fiber is different bc it's not digested by the human body in the
ates starch from same way
fiber?
9. Soluble Fiber dissolves in water, absorbed in stomach + intestines
Foods: beans, oats, apples, strawberries
Benefit: weight management + improving heart disease risk factors, low choles-
terol and blood sugar levels
10. Insoluble Fiber does not dissolve in water, absorbed in stomach + intestines
Foods: wheat, rice, veggies
Benefits: promotes GI health + protection against colon cancer
11. Insulin helps control blood sugar levels
-secreted from pancreas, released when wheat and glucose is absorbed into
bloodstream
, NSC 150 Exam Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_an3260
12. Glucagon prevents blood glucose from dropping too low, pancreas from dropping too low,
pancreas releases glucagon if levels too low
13. Type 1 Diabetes body cant produce enough insulin
14. Type 2 Diabetes body cells become less responsive to insulin
15. What is gluten? protein found in wheat, barley, and rye
16. What causes celi- gluten triggers it and can be gene related
ac disease?
17. Normal Fasting 70-100 mg/dl
Blood glucose
levels
18. Probiotic live microbes (healthy bacteria) applied to or ingested into the body, intended to
exert a beneficial effect
EX: yogurt, kombucha, cheese
19. Prebiotic a substance that passes undigested into the colon and stimulates the growth
and/or activity of certain types of bacteria
EX: fibers, honey, apples, bananas
20. What causes lac- lactase deficiency, lactose undigested and not absorbed
tose intolerance?
21. HDL (High Densi- the type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol back to the liver from the cells;
ty Lipoprotein) composed primarily of protein (healthy cholesterol)
22. LDL (low density "bad" cholesterol
lipoprotein) drops off cholesterol
Contributes to cardiovascular disease
