TCAR EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
(100% CORRECT ANSWERS) /
ALREADY GRADED A+
what type of force has the most damage on tissues?✔✔DECELERATION
-WHY airbags and seatbelts help reduce injuries
-FORCE cannot be created nor destroyed, so E HAS to be transferred to something
what type of trauma is the most common?✔✔BLUNT
-eg MVCs, falls
what is the first level of E transfer?✔✔injuries from the crash itself
what is the second level of E transfer?✔✔injury from something like a seat belt that occurs as the
body continues to move at the previous speed
what is the third level of E transfer?✔✔injury to the ORGANS as organs travel at their previous
speed and hit internal body wall
what is the fourth level of E transfer?✔✔injury from an unrestrained object ie something flying
through a car like a missile lol
what type of MVC are most common?✔✔FRONTAL
-BUT cars are designed for this type of crash and will collapse on impact which helps absorb E
transfer and reduce injuries to person
-will see anterior body surface injuries
what type of MVCs have the highest case fatality rate?✔✔LATERAL
-because ONLY the car door protecting you from injuries
-will see massive UNILATERAL trauma
, what types of injuries would you see in a rear-end collision?✔✔whiplash, which is cervical strain
from hyperextension -> hyperflexion
what types of injuries would you see w/ auto vs. pedestrian?✔✔injuries where the bumper of the
car would hit like hip + leg injuries
-head injury from body being thrown on windshield before hitting the ground
-BUT exact area depends on height of pt AND height of car
what characteristics do you want to know about a fall?✔✔fall height, landing surface (tells you
about deceleration), and point of impact
facts about firearm injuries✔✔-because F =ma, mass of bullets don't vary that much, BUT
acceleration DOES
-when a bullet hits a body, it rotates around in a body cavity creating a trauma tunnel
-AND the E of the bullet creates a rippling effect of E that can damage tissue far from point of impact
called a temporary cavity
solid tissue will _______✔✔CRACK
-eg bone, solid organs like spleen/liver/brain/kidneys/pancreas
hollow tissue will ______✔✔POP
-eg lungs, middle ear, bladder, globe of the eye, heart, pregnant uterus, abdominal cavity
-particularly when these cavities are FULL like with a full bladder and during a deep breath
-will see a bowel rupture more commonly than a stomach rupture because stomach is v muscular
fixed points will _____✔✔TEAR
-eg vessels, ligaments, tubes, nerves, skin
-vessels are more likely to tear at bifurcations
-DAI is actually when the axons and dendrites tear
-skin tearing => degloving injury
what are Morel-Lavallee injuries?✔✔INTERNAL degloving of the skin where the epidermis shears
from the fascia
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS
(100% CORRECT ANSWERS) /
ALREADY GRADED A+
what type of force has the most damage on tissues?✔✔DECELERATION
-WHY airbags and seatbelts help reduce injuries
-FORCE cannot be created nor destroyed, so E HAS to be transferred to something
what type of trauma is the most common?✔✔BLUNT
-eg MVCs, falls
what is the first level of E transfer?✔✔injuries from the crash itself
what is the second level of E transfer?✔✔injury from something like a seat belt that occurs as the
body continues to move at the previous speed
what is the third level of E transfer?✔✔injury to the ORGANS as organs travel at their previous
speed and hit internal body wall
what is the fourth level of E transfer?✔✔injury from an unrestrained object ie something flying
through a car like a missile lol
what type of MVC are most common?✔✔FRONTAL
-BUT cars are designed for this type of crash and will collapse on impact which helps absorb E
transfer and reduce injuries to person
-will see anterior body surface injuries
what type of MVCs have the highest case fatality rate?✔✔LATERAL
-because ONLY the car door protecting you from injuries
-will see massive UNILATERAL trauma
, what types of injuries would you see in a rear-end collision?✔✔whiplash, which is cervical strain
from hyperextension -> hyperflexion
what types of injuries would you see w/ auto vs. pedestrian?✔✔injuries where the bumper of the
car would hit like hip + leg injuries
-head injury from body being thrown on windshield before hitting the ground
-BUT exact area depends on height of pt AND height of car
what characteristics do you want to know about a fall?✔✔fall height, landing surface (tells you
about deceleration), and point of impact
facts about firearm injuries✔✔-because F =ma, mass of bullets don't vary that much, BUT
acceleration DOES
-when a bullet hits a body, it rotates around in a body cavity creating a trauma tunnel
-AND the E of the bullet creates a rippling effect of E that can damage tissue far from point of impact
called a temporary cavity
solid tissue will _______✔✔CRACK
-eg bone, solid organs like spleen/liver/brain/kidneys/pancreas
hollow tissue will ______✔✔POP
-eg lungs, middle ear, bladder, globe of the eye, heart, pregnant uterus, abdominal cavity
-particularly when these cavities are FULL like with a full bladder and during a deep breath
-will see a bowel rupture more commonly than a stomach rupture because stomach is v muscular
fixed points will _____✔✔TEAR
-eg vessels, ligaments, tubes, nerves, skin
-vessels are more likely to tear at bifurcations
-DAI is actually when the axons and dendrites tear
-skin tearing => degloving injury
what are Morel-Lavallee injuries?✔✔INTERNAL degloving of the skin where the epidermis shears
from the fascia
