GCU BIO-201 Final Exam 2 Questions
With 100% Solved Solutions (2025-2026)
Edition.
What are the 5 layers of the skin?
(From deep to superficial) - Answer Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum (only in palms and soles of feet)
Stratum Corneum
What causes osteoporosis? - Answer Deficiency of calcium
What hormone is released when CA levels are too high? - Answer Calcitonin (*Think "can tone
it down")
What hormone(s) is released when CA levels are too low? - Answer Parathyroid & Calcitriol
Whats the difference between Appositional growth & Epiphyseal growth? - Answer
Appositional grows in width
Epiphyseal grows in length
What do ligament do? - Answer Attach bone to bone
What do tendons do? - Answer Attach bone to muscle
What is bone formation called? - Answer Osteogenesis
What happens when growing stops? - Answer Epiphyseal plate ossifies
What is ossification? - Answer Hardening
, What part of bone do tendons & ligaments attach to? - Answer Periosteum
What vessels can be found in Haversian & Volkmann's canals? - Answer Artery, Vein, & Lymph
What does the matrix of spongy bone look like? - Answer Open network of trabeculae
What is 1/3 of Osseous tissue composed of? - Answer CA ions
What type of bone cell resides in endosteum? - Answer Osteoclasts
What are osteocytes? - Answer Most common cell in bone
Where are osteocytes held? - Answer In the Lacunae
What is the process when mesenchyme cells differentiate? - Answer Intramembranous
ossification
How does the osteoid matrix differ from bone? - Answer It doesn't have CA ions yet
Where is the primary center of ossification located? - Answer Diaphysis during development
What is not a function of skeletal muscles? - Answer Store lipids (Adipose cells do this)
Muscle cells are packed with which protein filaments? - Answer Myofibrils
Cytoplasm in animal cells is ____________ in a muscle cell. - Answer Sarcoplasm
Sarcomeres are found in all except? - Answer Smooth muscle (It is not striated like other
muscles)
What elastic structure pulls myosin back to "normal"? - Answer Titin filaments
With 100% Solved Solutions (2025-2026)
Edition.
What are the 5 layers of the skin?
(From deep to superficial) - Answer Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum (only in palms and soles of feet)
Stratum Corneum
What causes osteoporosis? - Answer Deficiency of calcium
What hormone is released when CA levels are too high? - Answer Calcitonin (*Think "can tone
it down")
What hormone(s) is released when CA levels are too low? - Answer Parathyroid & Calcitriol
Whats the difference between Appositional growth & Epiphyseal growth? - Answer
Appositional grows in width
Epiphyseal grows in length
What do ligament do? - Answer Attach bone to bone
What do tendons do? - Answer Attach bone to muscle
What is bone formation called? - Answer Osteogenesis
What happens when growing stops? - Answer Epiphyseal plate ossifies
What is ossification? - Answer Hardening
, What part of bone do tendons & ligaments attach to? - Answer Periosteum
What vessels can be found in Haversian & Volkmann's canals? - Answer Artery, Vein, & Lymph
What does the matrix of spongy bone look like? - Answer Open network of trabeculae
What is 1/3 of Osseous tissue composed of? - Answer CA ions
What type of bone cell resides in endosteum? - Answer Osteoclasts
What are osteocytes? - Answer Most common cell in bone
Where are osteocytes held? - Answer In the Lacunae
What is the process when mesenchyme cells differentiate? - Answer Intramembranous
ossification
How does the osteoid matrix differ from bone? - Answer It doesn't have CA ions yet
Where is the primary center of ossification located? - Answer Diaphysis during development
What is not a function of skeletal muscles? - Answer Store lipids (Adipose cells do this)
Muscle cells are packed with which protein filaments? - Answer Myofibrils
Cytoplasm in animal cells is ____________ in a muscle cell. - Answer Sarcoplasm
Sarcomeres are found in all except? - Answer Smooth muscle (It is not striated like other
muscles)
What elastic structure pulls myosin back to "normal"? - Answer Titin filaments
