NURSING 101 FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING PRACTICE EXAM 1, PART 2 /
ANALYZED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
During the change-of-shift report the night nurse states that a client mentioned having a bad experience
with surgery in the past. The nurse was called away and was unable to continue the conversation with
the client. The nurse tells the day shift nurse about the comment and notes that the client appears
anxious. When the day shift nurse visits the client to clarify the client's bad experience with surgery, the
nurse is exhibiting which aspect of critical thinking?
A. Integrity
B. Discipline
C. Confidence
D. Perseverance - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Discipline
Discipline includes completing the task at hand, including assessments (which were not completed on
the previous shift). Integrity includes recognizing when one's opinions conflict with those of others and
finding a mutually satisfying solution. Confidence is demonstrated in one's presentation and belief in
one's knowledge and abilities. Perseverance helps the critical thinker to find effective solutions to client
care problems, especially when they have been previously unresolved.
A client tells the nurse, "I'm not happy with the way the patient care technician did my bath. He just
seemed to be in a hurry and did not wash my back like I asked." The nurse decides to go talk with the
technician to learn his side of the story as well. This is an example of:
A. Fairness
B. Curiosity
C. Risk taking
D. Responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER -A. Fairness
,Fairness involves analyzing all viewpoints to understand the situation completely before making a
decision. Curiosity gives the critical thinker the motivation to continue to ask questions and learn more.
Risk taking involves trying different ways to solve problems.
The surgical unit has initiated the use of a pain rating scale to assess the severity of clients' pain during
their postoperative recovery. The nurse assigned to a client can look at the pain flow sheet to see the
client's pain scores over the last 24 hours. Use of the pain scale is an example of adherence to which
intellectual standard? - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Consistency
Using the same pain scale for all clients and ratings promotes consistency—each nurse has the same
measurement scale to compare assessments. Relevance refers to how applicable the assessment is. An
assessment has depth when it deals with less obvious issues. Specificity refers to the ability of the
assessment to provide information about the particular problem of interest.
During the day the nurse spends time instructing a client in how to self-administer insulin. After
discussing the technique and demonstrating an injection, the nurse asks the client to try it. After the
client makes two attempts it is clear that the client does not understand how to prepare the correct
dose. The nurse discusses the situation with the charge nurse and asks for suggestions. This is an
example of:
A. Reflection
B. Risk taking
C. Problem solving
D. Client assessment - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Problem Solving
This is an example of problem solving because the nurse is taking a problem to a supervisor for help in
finding a different approach. Reflection is the process of purposefully thinking back and recalling a
situation to discover its purpose or meaning. Risk taking involves trying a different approach. Client
assessment is the first step in the process of instruction.
A nurse uses an institution's procedure manual to confirm how to insert a Foley catheter. The level of
critical thinking the nurse is using is:
,A. Commitment
B. Scientific method
C. Basic critical thinking
D. Complex critical thinking - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Basic critical thinking
At the basic level of critical thinking, a learner trusts the experts and follows a procedure step by step.
Complex critical thinkers separate themselves from authorities and analyze and examine choices more
independently. Commitment is the third level of critical thinking in which the person anticipates the
need to make choices without assistance from others. The scientific method is a process of problem
solving.
A nurse refers to a client's postsurgical written plan of care, noting that the client has a drainage device
collecting wound drainage. The surgeon is to be notified when drainage in the device exceeds 100 ml for
the day. The nurse carefully notes the amount of drainage currently in the device. This is an example of:
A. Planning
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Intervention - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Assessment
Assessment is the process of observing and collecting data. Planning is the step in which the diagnosis is
analyzed for problem resolution. Intervention consists of the steps actually taken after planning.
Evaluation measures the effectiveness of the plan.
The nurse asks a client how she feels about impending surgery for breast cancer. Before initiating the
discussion the nurse reviewed information about loss and grief in addition to therapeutic
communication principles. The critical thinking component involved in the nurse's review of the
literature is:
A) Experience
B) Problem solving
C) Knowledge application
, D) Clinical decision making - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Knowledge application
The nurse sought appropriate information to be able to communicate more knowledgeably with the
client. Experience is acquired through clinical learning situations. Problem solving is a series of steps to
resolve a problem. Clinical decision making is a process in which critical thinking steps are followed for
problem resolution.
Which of the following is the most accurate information to give a nurse during change-of-shift
reporting?
A) Client refuses to take medications.
B) Client reports sharp pain in left anterior knee.
C) Client encouraged to consume more fluids.
D) Client expressed concern about pending surgery. - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Client reports sharp pain in
elft anterior knee
The information in option 2 represents objective data that the nurse can use as part of baseline
information. "Encouraged" and "more" are vague terms. "Concern" is also vague; relating the exact
concern would be more accurate. Option 1 may be true, but accurate data would also report why the
client refused medication.
On entering a client's room during change-of-shift rounds, the nurse notices that the client and spouse
have their backs turned to each other, and both have their arms folded across their chests. The best
action for the nurse to take at this time is to:
A) Introduce himself or herself and begin discharge teaching.
B) Proceed with the tasks the nurse was intending to perform.
C) Say nothing and leave quickly, closing the door behind.
D) Ask the client and spouse if they need some time alone right now. - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Ask the
client and spouse if they need smoe time alone right now.
NURSING PRACTICE EXAM 1, PART 2 /
ANALYZED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
During the change-of-shift report the night nurse states that a client mentioned having a bad experience
with surgery in the past. The nurse was called away and was unable to continue the conversation with
the client. The nurse tells the day shift nurse about the comment and notes that the client appears
anxious. When the day shift nurse visits the client to clarify the client's bad experience with surgery, the
nurse is exhibiting which aspect of critical thinking?
A. Integrity
B. Discipline
C. Confidence
D. Perseverance - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Discipline
Discipline includes completing the task at hand, including assessments (which were not completed on
the previous shift). Integrity includes recognizing when one's opinions conflict with those of others and
finding a mutually satisfying solution. Confidence is demonstrated in one's presentation and belief in
one's knowledge and abilities. Perseverance helps the critical thinker to find effective solutions to client
care problems, especially when they have been previously unresolved.
A client tells the nurse, "I'm not happy with the way the patient care technician did my bath. He just
seemed to be in a hurry and did not wash my back like I asked." The nurse decides to go talk with the
technician to learn his side of the story as well. This is an example of:
A. Fairness
B. Curiosity
C. Risk taking
D. Responsibility - CORRECT ANSWER -A. Fairness
,Fairness involves analyzing all viewpoints to understand the situation completely before making a
decision. Curiosity gives the critical thinker the motivation to continue to ask questions and learn more.
Risk taking involves trying different ways to solve problems.
The surgical unit has initiated the use of a pain rating scale to assess the severity of clients' pain during
their postoperative recovery. The nurse assigned to a client can look at the pain flow sheet to see the
client's pain scores over the last 24 hours. Use of the pain scale is an example of adherence to which
intellectual standard? - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Consistency
Using the same pain scale for all clients and ratings promotes consistency—each nurse has the same
measurement scale to compare assessments. Relevance refers to how applicable the assessment is. An
assessment has depth when it deals with less obvious issues. Specificity refers to the ability of the
assessment to provide information about the particular problem of interest.
During the day the nurse spends time instructing a client in how to self-administer insulin. After
discussing the technique and demonstrating an injection, the nurse asks the client to try it. After the
client makes two attempts it is clear that the client does not understand how to prepare the correct
dose. The nurse discusses the situation with the charge nurse and asks for suggestions. This is an
example of:
A. Reflection
B. Risk taking
C. Problem solving
D. Client assessment - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Problem Solving
This is an example of problem solving because the nurse is taking a problem to a supervisor for help in
finding a different approach. Reflection is the process of purposefully thinking back and recalling a
situation to discover its purpose or meaning. Risk taking involves trying a different approach. Client
assessment is the first step in the process of instruction.
A nurse uses an institution's procedure manual to confirm how to insert a Foley catheter. The level of
critical thinking the nurse is using is:
,A. Commitment
B. Scientific method
C. Basic critical thinking
D. Complex critical thinking - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Basic critical thinking
At the basic level of critical thinking, a learner trusts the experts and follows a procedure step by step.
Complex critical thinkers separate themselves from authorities and analyze and examine choices more
independently. Commitment is the third level of critical thinking in which the person anticipates the
need to make choices without assistance from others. The scientific method is a process of problem
solving.
A nurse refers to a client's postsurgical written plan of care, noting that the client has a drainage device
collecting wound drainage. The surgeon is to be notified when drainage in the device exceeds 100 ml for
the day. The nurse carefully notes the amount of drainage currently in the device. This is an example of:
A. Planning
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Intervention - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Assessment
Assessment is the process of observing and collecting data. Planning is the step in which the diagnosis is
analyzed for problem resolution. Intervention consists of the steps actually taken after planning.
Evaluation measures the effectiveness of the plan.
The nurse asks a client how she feels about impending surgery for breast cancer. Before initiating the
discussion the nurse reviewed information about loss and grief in addition to therapeutic
communication principles. The critical thinking component involved in the nurse's review of the
literature is:
A) Experience
B) Problem solving
C) Knowledge application
, D) Clinical decision making - CORRECT ANSWER -C. Knowledge application
The nurse sought appropriate information to be able to communicate more knowledgeably with the
client. Experience is acquired through clinical learning situations. Problem solving is a series of steps to
resolve a problem. Clinical decision making is a process in which critical thinking steps are followed for
problem resolution.
Which of the following is the most accurate information to give a nurse during change-of-shift
reporting?
A) Client refuses to take medications.
B) Client reports sharp pain in left anterior knee.
C) Client encouraged to consume more fluids.
D) Client expressed concern about pending surgery. - CORRECT ANSWER -B. Client reports sharp pain in
elft anterior knee
The information in option 2 represents objective data that the nurse can use as part of baseline
information. "Encouraged" and "more" are vague terms. "Concern" is also vague; relating the exact
concern would be more accurate. Option 1 may be true, but accurate data would also report why the
client refused medication.
On entering a client's room during change-of-shift rounds, the nurse notices that the client and spouse
have their backs turned to each other, and both have their arms folded across their chests. The best
action for the nurse to take at this time is to:
A) Introduce himself or herself and begin discharge teaching.
B) Proceed with the tasks the nurse was intending to perform.
C) Say nothing and leave quickly, closing the door behind.
D) Ask the client and spouse if they need some time alone right now. - CORRECT ANSWER -D. Ask the
client and spouse if they need smoe time alone right now.
