PA exam 3 Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
What are the three groups of nutrients - AnswersMacronutirents, micronutrients, water
One gram of carbs or protein is how many kcal of energy - Answers4
What is the RDA of carbs? - Answers130 g/day, 55%-60% total calories
RDA for protein - Answers56 g/day for men, 46 veg/day for women, 71 g/day for lactating women
12-20% of total kcal
One gram of fat is how many kcal - Answers9
What does gluconeogenesis do - AnswersConverts fat to glucose if energy needs exceed carb intake
Limit dietary cholesterol to what - AnswersLess than 300 mg/day
How much water is metabolized in daily foods and fluids? - Answers2.5-3 L
BMI for underweight - AnswersUnder 18.5
BMI for normal weight - Answers18.5-24.9
BMI for overweight - Answers25-25.9
BMI for obesity - Answersgreater than 30
Hyperlipidemia - AnswersAssociated with elevated serum lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids)
Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) - AnswersInadequate protein and calorie intake, most common form
of undernutrition
Clinical findings of PCM - AnswersPoor food intake, wasting disease, malabsorption syndromes
Apnea - AnswersAbsence of breathing
eupnea - AnswersNormal breathing
Orthopnea - AnswersOnly able to breathe in an upright position
Dyspnea - AnswersSubjective sensation relation by patient as to difficulty breathing
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - AnswersAttacks of severe shortness of breath that wakes a person from
sleep where they have to sit up to catch their breath w
What disease is common with paroxysmal nocturnal dysnpnea - AnswersCHF
Hypoxia - AnswersLow oxygen in tissue
, Hypoxemia - AnswersLow oxygen in blood
Ventilation - AnswersProcess of gas moving gases in and out of lungs by inspiration and expiration
Diffusion - AnswersProcess of oxygen and carbon dioxide move from areas of high concentration to low
concentration
After inspiration, concentration of O2 is? - AnswersHigher in alveoli than in pulmonary capillaries
What type of pleura are lungs protected by? - AnswersVisceral
What type of pleura are the chest wall and diaphragm protected by? - AnswersParietal
How many lobes does the right lung have - Answers3
How many lobes does the left lung have - Answers2
Number of thoracic vertebrae - Answers12
Parts of the sternum - Answersmanubrium, body, xiphoid process
Inspiration - AnswersDiaphragm contracts and pushes abdominal contents downward
Three functions of upper airway - AnswersConducts air to lower airway, protects lower airway from
foreign matter, warms filters and humidifies inspired air
Lower airway consists of - AnswersRight and left main stem bronchi, segmental and subsegmental
bronchi, terminal bronchioles, alveoli
Infant RR - Answers30-55
Toddler RR - Answers20-30
Preschool RR - Answers20-25
School age RR - Answers14-22
Adolescent RR - Answers12-18
Suprasternal notch - AnswersDepression at anterior aspect of neck above manubrium
Angle of Louis - AnswersJunction between manubrium and sternum body
Vertebra prominens - AnswersSpinous process of C7; visible and palpable with head bent forward
pack years - Answers#years smoked x number packs per day
Crackles - AnswersSounds moist, bubbling, gurgling
Wheezing - AnswersHigh pitched musical sound
What are the three groups of nutrients - AnswersMacronutirents, micronutrients, water
One gram of carbs or protein is how many kcal of energy - Answers4
What is the RDA of carbs? - Answers130 g/day, 55%-60% total calories
RDA for protein - Answers56 g/day for men, 46 veg/day for women, 71 g/day for lactating women
12-20% of total kcal
One gram of fat is how many kcal - Answers9
What does gluconeogenesis do - AnswersConverts fat to glucose if energy needs exceed carb intake
Limit dietary cholesterol to what - AnswersLess than 300 mg/day
How much water is metabolized in daily foods and fluids? - Answers2.5-3 L
BMI for underweight - AnswersUnder 18.5
BMI for normal weight - Answers18.5-24.9
BMI for overweight - Answers25-25.9
BMI for obesity - Answersgreater than 30
Hyperlipidemia - AnswersAssociated with elevated serum lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids)
Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) - AnswersInadequate protein and calorie intake, most common form
of undernutrition
Clinical findings of PCM - AnswersPoor food intake, wasting disease, malabsorption syndromes
Apnea - AnswersAbsence of breathing
eupnea - AnswersNormal breathing
Orthopnea - AnswersOnly able to breathe in an upright position
Dyspnea - AnswersSubjective sensation relation by patient as to difficulty breathing
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - AnswersAttacks of severe shortness of breath that wakes a person from
sleep where they have to sit up to catch their breath w
What disease is common with paroxysmal nocturnal dysnpnea - AnswersCHF
Hypoxia - AnswersLow oxygen in tissue
, Hypoxemia - AnswersLow oxygen in blood
Ventilation - AnswersProcess of gas moving gases in and out of lungs by inspiration and expiration
Diffusion - AnswersProcess of oxygen and carbon dioxide move from areas of high concentration to low
concentration
After inspiration, concentration of O2 is? - AnswersHigher in alveoli than in pulmonary capillaries
What type of pleura are lungs protected by? - AnswersVisceral
What type of pleura are the chest wall and diaphragm protected by? - AnswersParietal
How many lobes does the right lung have - Answers3
How many lobes does the left lung have - Answers2
Number of thoracic vertebrae - Answers12
Parts of the sternum - Answersmanubrium, body, xiphoid process
Inspiration - AnswersDiaphragm contracts and pushes abdominal contents downward
Three functions of upper airway - AnswersConducts air to lower airway, protects lower airway from
foreign matter, warms filters and humidifies inspired air
Lower airway consists of - AnswersRight and left main stem bronchi, segmental and subsegmental
bronchi, terminal bronchioles, alveoli
Infant RR - Answers30-55
Toddler RR - Answers20-30
Preschool RR - Answers20-25
School age RR - Answers14-22
Adolescent RR - Answers12-18
Suprasternal notch - AnswersDepression at anterior aspect of neck above manubrium
Angle of Louis - AnswersJunction between manubrium and sternum body
Vertebra prominens - AnswersSpinous process of C7; visible and palpable with head bent forward
pack years - Answers#years smoked x number packs per day
Crackles - AnswersSounds moist, bubbling, gurgling
Wheezing - AnswersHigh pitched musical sound
