MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS EXAM
Q&A
Messenger RNA is different from other types of RNA because messenger RNA has
a.
a cruciform structure.
b.
a 3' methylated cap.
c.
a 3' polyA tail.
d.
introns and exons. - ANSWER-a 3' polyA tail.
A mechanism of intron removal results in which by-product?
a.
PolyA tails
b.
Dinucleotides
c.
Okazaki fragments
d.
Lariats - ANSWER-Lariats
Thalassemias arise from changes in what part of the beta-globin gene?
a.
3' untranslated region
b.
Splice-recognition site
c.
Ribosome-binding site
d.
PolyA tail - ANSWER-Splice-recognition site
Which of the following amino acids has a nonpolar R group?
a.
Cysteine
b.
Arginine
c.
Valine
d.
Tyrosine - ANSWER-Valine
Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets are what level of protein structure?
a.
Tertiary
,b.
Secondary
c.
Quaternary
d.
Primary - ANSWER-Secondary
In the lactose operon, which of the following configurations would result in gene
expression?
a.
Promoter +, Operator +, Repressor +, no inducer present
b.
Promoter +, Operator +, Repressor -, no inducer present
c.
Promoter -, Operator -, Repressor +, inducer present
d.
Promoter -, Operator +, Repressor +, no inducer present - ANSWER-Promoter +,
Operator +, Repressor -, no inducer present
The most frequently methylated base in vertebrates is
a.
adenine.
b.
cytosine.
c.
thymine.
d.
thymine.
guanine. - ANSWER-cytosine
MicroRNAs, short endogenous RNAs, perform what function in the eukaryotic cell?
a.
Control of DNA replication
b.
Repression of gene expression
c.
Priming RNA synthesis
d.
RNA splicing - ANSWER-Repression of gene expression
What mechanism may explain the difference in symptoms in Prader-Willi and
Angelman syndromes?
a.
Alternative splicing
b.
, Genetic recombination
c.
Genomic imprinting
d.
Capping - ANSWER-Genomic imprinting
Which histone is not included in the core histones?
a.
H2B
b.
H1
c.
H3
d.
h4 - ANSWER-H1
These DNA sequence structures function in epigenetic gene regulation.
a.
Operators
b.
CpG islands
c.
Regulator genes
d.
Inverted repeats - ANSWER-CpG islands
DNA hypermethylation would have what effect of movement of retrotransposons
through RNA intermediates?
a.
No effect on movement nor transcription
b.
Increase movement by activating transcription
c.
Increase movement by repressing transcription
d.
Inhibit movement by repressing transcription - ANSWER-Inhibit movement by
repressing transcription
Which proteins perform demethylation of DNA?
a.
DNA polymerases
b.
METTL enzymes
c.
TFIID protein
d.
TET enzymes - ANSWER-TET enzymes
Acetylation of histone H3 would result in which of the following effects?
Q&A
Messenger RNA is different from other types of RNA because messenger RNA has
a.
a cruciform structure.
b.
a 3' methylated cap.
c.
a 3' polyA tail.
d.
introns and exons. - ANSWER-a 3' polyA tail.
A mechanism of intron removal results in which by-product?
a.
PolyA tails
b.
Dinucleotides
c.
Okazaki fragments
d.
Lariats - ANSWER-Lariats
Thalassemias arise from changes in what part of the beta-globin gene?
a.
3' untranslated region
b.
Splice-recognition site
c.
Ribosome-binding site
d.
PolyA tail - ANSWER-Splice-recognition site
Which of the following amino acids has a nonpolar R group?
a.
Cysteine
b.
Arginine
c.
Valine
d.
Tyrosine - ANSWER-Valine
Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets are what level of protein structure?
a.
Tertiary
,b.
Secondary
c.
Quaternary
d.
Primary - ANSWER-Secondary
In the lactose operon, which of the following configurations would result in gene
expression?
a.
Promoter +, Operator +, Repressor +, no inducer present
b.
Promoter +, Operator +, Repressor -, no inducer present
c.
Promoter -, Operator -, Repressor +, inducer present
d.
Promoter -, Operator +, Repressor +, no inducer present - ANSWER-Promoter +,
Operator +, Repressor -, no inducer present
The most frequently methylated base in vertebrates is
a.
adenine.
b.
cytosine.
c.
thymine.
d.
thymine.
guanine. - ANSWER-cytosine
MicroRNAs, short endogenous RNAs, perform what function in the eukaryotic cell?
a.
Control of DNA replication
b.
Repression of gene expression
c.
Priming RNA synthesis
d.
RNA splicing - ANSWER-Repression of gene expression
What mechanism may explain the difference in symptoms in Prader-Willi and
Angelman syndromes?
a.
Alternative splicing
b.
, Genetic recombination
c.
Genomic imprinting
d.
Capping - ANSWER-Genomic imprinting
Which histone is not included in the core histones?
a.
H2B
b.
H1
c.
H3
d.
h4 - ANSWER-H1
These DNA sequence structures function in epigenetic gene regulation.
a.
Operators
b.
CpG islands
c.
Regulator genes
d.
Inverted repeats - ANSWER-CpG islands
DNA hypermethylation would have what effect of movement of retrotransposons
through RNA intermediates?
a.
No effect on movement nor transcription
b.
Increase movement by activating transcription
c.
Increase movement by repressing transcription
d.
Inhibit movement by repressing transcription - ANSWER-Inhibit movement by
repressing transcription
Which proteins perform demethylation of DNA?
a.
DNA polymerases
b.
METTL enzymes
c.
TFIID protein
d.
TET enzymes - ANSWER-TET enzymes
Acetylation of histone H3 would result in which of the following effects?
