NASM CPT STUDY GUIDE WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Proprioception - ANS-The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent
parts of the body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
Mechanoreceptors - ANS-specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and
transmit signals to sensory nerves.
Muscle Spindles - ANS-sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle
fibers and are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and
sends information to CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
Golgi Tendon Organs - ANS-sensory receptors that are located at the point where the
skeletal muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of
change
causes the muscle to relax
Epimysium - ANS-connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the
whole muscle
Perimysium - ANS-connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
Endomysium - ANS-between the individual muscle fibers
Type 1 Muscle Fiber - ANS-"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term
contractions (stabilization)
Type 2 Muscle Fiber - ANS-fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power
exercises
Agonist - ANS-PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
Synergist - ANS-ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
, Stabilizer - ANS-stabilizes while prime mover and assist work.
chest press -> rotator cuff
Antagonist - ANS-Oppose Prime mover,
chest press -> posterior delt
Right Atrium - ANS-gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE
BODY
Left Atrium - ANS-gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
Right Ventricle - ANS-thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
Left Ventricle - ANS-thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
Metabolism - ANS-all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain
itself. Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
Exercise Metabolism - ANS-bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic
changes and demands on body during exercise
Substrates - ANS-where enzymes act
Carbohydrates - ANS-Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of
fuel and energy required for all daily activities
Glucose - ANS-a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported
through the blood and is used or stored as energy
Glycogen - ANS-the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
Fat - ANS-a secondary source of energy
Trigylcerides - ANS-come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are
converted and stored in fat cells
Protein - ANS-Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third
energy source, usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4
endurance athletes
1 g = 4 calories
Gluconeogenesis - ANS-glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Proprioception - ANS-The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent
parts of the body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
Mechanoreceptors - ANS-specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and
transmit signals to sensory nerves.
Muscle Spindles - ANS-sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle
fibers and are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and
sends information to CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
Golgi Tendon Organs - ANS-sensory receptors that are located at the point where the
skeletal muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of
change
causes the muscle to relax
Epimysium - ANS-connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the
whole muscle
Perimysium - ANS-connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
Endomysium - ANS-between the individual muscle fibers
Type 1 Muscle Fiber - ANS-"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term
contractions (stabilization)
Type 2 Muscle Fiber - ANS-fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power
exercises
Agonist - ANS-PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
Synergist - ANS-ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
, Stabilizer - ANS-stabilizes while prime mover and assist work.
chest press -> rotator cuff
Antagonist - ANS-Oppose Prime mover,
chest press -> posterior delt
Right Atrium - ANS-gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE
BODY
Left Atrium - ANS-gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
Right Ventricle - ANS-thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
Left Ventricle - ANS-thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
Metabolism - ANS-all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain
itself. Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
Exercise Metabolism - ANS-bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic
changes and demands on body during exercise
Substrates - ANS-where enzymes act
Carbohydrates - ANS-Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of
fuel and energy required for all daily activities
Glucose - ANS-a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported
through the blood and is used or stored as energy
Glycogen - ANS-the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
Fat - ANS-a secondary source of energy
Trigylcerides - ANS-come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are
converted and stored in fat cells
Protein - ANS-Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third
energy source, usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4
endurance athletes
1 g = 4 calories
Gluconeogenesis - ANS-glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
