WGU C208 Module Exam 2025

What are cultural norms? - -an organization's expectations of its members' behavior in any given situation According to Cameron and Quinn's Competing Values Framework model, in which type of organizational culture are the leaders efficient, organized, and striving to run a smooth operation by following procedures and policies? - -hierarchy Lower and middle-level managers typically only initiate and implement all of the following kinds of change except? - -invention of economic models Which of the following would not be an example of change typically brought about by the political environment? - -advances in life sciences technology The type of change that can be described as "doing better things" - according to the First, Second, and Third Order Change Model - is which of the following types of change? - -reformative change In the Bridges' Transitional Model, which of the following would not be a suggestion for managing Stage 1? - -develop short-term goals, interim The fundamentals that drive successful change include communication, training, _____, and ______. - -leadership engagement, measurement What are the types of cultures described by Cameron and Quinn in the Competing Values Framework model? - -clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy The ____________ view of leaders' impact on organizational culture holds that leaders shape and mold organizational culture - -functionalist Among the forces for environmental change, demographic change is an example of ________ change, and change in values is an example of ______ change. - socioeconomic, cultural The push to reduce companies' and individuals' carbon footprints would be categorized as which type of environmental change? - -cultural Which of the following best exemplifies the corridor principle? - -Beta testing of a new social app shows that users exclusively use one feature and feedback reveals that they want to see it as its own app. C208 C208 You have been given a new product to evaluate. In Stage Two of the entrepreneurial process, which of the following pieces of information would have no bearing on whether you would decide to push forward with a new business venture? - -Whether the product has an accepted, filed, or pending patent application Companies that encourage employees to pursue risky new ideas internally are practicing - -intrapreneurship Which of the following qualities is perhaps most needed by an entrepreneur planning to enter a highly competitive market. - -optimism What information will an entrepreneur most likely not glean from assessing the competition? - -their future product plans After a year, a start up venture runs out of funds and must disband. What crucial financial planning step(s) did the founders most likely fail to do correctly? - -forecast cash flow Which of the following involves a firm supplying rights to proprietary ideas, products to other businesses in exchange for payment? - -licensing Under Resource-based Theory, a start-up firm with many initial investors most enjoys which of the following key resources? - -Valuable Which of the following is an example of innovative stewardship of public resources? - the Roman aqueducts which is typically the best predictor of entrepreneurial success? - -the amount of related industry experience an entrepreneur has in the specific marketplace What is the ideal length of a new venture's business plan, according to experts? - -50 pages The brief informal summary of an entrepreneurial opportunity is known as the - -elevator pitch ___________ is revolutionary, ___________ is evolutionary. - -Radical innovation, incremental innovation Technology and industries generally have a rate of inception, adoption, and decline that looks like a(n) - -S-curve Success can be a threat to innovation because of - -the risks of complacency and dogma C208 C208 Which of the following best describes the process of introducing new products or services to the marketplace? - -Implementation This group tool would be a good choice for generating a concise image or idea of an optimal outcome. - -Visioning This group tool would be a good choice for those who are more visually creative. - Braindrawing When a group arrives at a decision that is exactly the opposite of the outcome that each individual in the group would have chosen, it is called: - -the Abilene Paradox he explicit attempt to put dominant ideas or conventional wisdom to the side and focus on generating alternatives without immediate evaluation is: - -divergent thinking According to Clay Shirky, ___________ organizations fix the problem and then fix the thing that caused the problem. - -double loop Which of the following types of innovation represent the majority of innovation? - incremental This type of innovation involves a substantial change to either the business model or technology of an organization. - -semi-radical Suppose you were a CEO standing in front of a large group of your employees (more than 50), and wanted to start a brainstorming session. You know that with such a large group brainstorming would be ineffective. What would be an effective alternative method of sparking creativity in this large group? - -Discussion 66 Which of the following is not a healthy behavior for a creative team to have? - -team members compete for idea acceptance Corporate culture, team dynamics, and analytical thinking can sometimes impede which of the following? - -creativity, discussion, progress The final stage of innovation in Teresa Amabile's framework is - -execution One advantage of a diversity of viewpoints on a creative team is that it is less likely to encourage - -groupthink Edward de Bono's "po" statements are meant to provoke - -lateral thinking Black and Gregersen's "brain barriers" that stands in the way of strategic change? - failure to see change, the failure to move toward change, and the failure to finish change. C208 C208 Why would Step 2 of Black and Gregersen's cycle of change (discovering that the right thing is now the wrong thing) require courage? - -because it requires a willingness to admit that processes have failed or become obsolete In his book The Fifth Discipline, Peter Senge makes the case that prevailing systems of management - -foster mediocrity and fail to tap an organization's collective intelligence According to Peter Senge, how does the leadership of companies fall into the trap of institutionalizing frailties, prejudices, and defenses? - -They defend existing and broken processes so fiercely that they insulate the organization from examination. Where does revitalization of an organization begin, according to Beer, Eisenstat, and Spector? - -from the periphery of the organization How can companies avoid promoting skepticism about change, according to Beer, Eisenstat, and Spector? - -aligning tasks to solve specific business problems At what pace should organizations promote new approaches, according to Pascale and Sternin? - -gradually and collaboratively will circumvent resistance. Which of the following types of resistance to change is most likely to be found in a traditional, hierarchical organization with strict disciplinary practices? - -Reduced productivity or output and an increase in sick days taken Which of the following organizations is most likely to encounter significant hardline resistance to change? - -This organization has experienced financial success and its long-serving employees, who are granted considerable independence, are very proud of its traditions. A well-known retailer is determined to focus its resources on a quality in-store experience rather than developing better online interface and shipping practices, despite research showing that many customers want to shop online. What brain-barrier does this exemplify? - -failure to move Systems thinking, as applied to organizations, is generally an understanding of how _______, _______, and _______ interrelate. - -people, processes, and structures Why can creative tension be a good thing for an organization? - -It highlights the gap between the current reality and the ideal vision and encourages the organization to make changes to achieve it. Martha Cogswell is leading a change effort designed to improve customer service response time. When an angry custom