BIO 210 Final Exam Review: Guaranteed A+ Guide Solution: Questions & Answers

What effect do enzymes have on chemical reactions in which they are involved? (Ans- speed up chemical reactions without changing the reaction. What is the "lock-and-key" concept as it relates to enzymes? (Ans- explains the way an enzyme/substrate reaction occurs through a metabolic pathway Hydrolysis (Ans- a chemical reaction in which water reacts with a compound to produce other compounds Diffusion (Ans- the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration Acid (AnsA proton DONOR. A substance that dissociates in water, releasing "free" hydrogen ions [H+]acidic levels: pH of 0 - 7.3 Base (Ans- A proton ACCEPTOR. Substances the either accept H+, or release hydroxide ions OH- into a solution... [OH-] basic levels: pH of 7.5-14 Buffer (Ans- Stabilize pH. a chemical that resists changes in pH when either an acid or a base is added to a solution containing a buffer. Which class of organic chemicals has molecules that are sometimes called neutral fats? (Ans- Lipids/Triglycerides Which class of organic chemicals has molecules composed of chains of amino acids? (Ans- ProteinsWhat is the repeating chemical unit (monomer) in nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) (AnsDNA: A-T T-A C-G G-C RNA: U-A A-U List the types of organic chemicals that can be found in the plasma membrane. (AnsLipids Proteins CarbohydratesWhat is the general function of phospholipids? (Ans- assemble to form a lipid bilayer, which is a double layer of phospholipid molecules. What is the function of a ribosome? (Ans- production of proteins. What membrane-bound organelle uses oxygen and organic molecules to make ATP? (Ans- Mitochondria