NSG 2317 Final Exam Review Questions
with Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2025
Update.
what are the sources of pain? - Answer - visceral pain
- deep somatic pain
- cutaneous pain
- referred pain
what are the two types of pain? - Answer - acute pain
- chronic pain
what is another name for chronic pain? - Answer - persistent pain
what are the characteristics of acute pain? - Answer - rapid onset recalled by the patient
- localized (patient can point to it)
- most intense immediately after onset and then it decreases
- anxiety is the immediate psychological reaction, followed by adaptive biological response
(withdrawing, holding, covering injured part to protect it)
- short term
- self-limiting
- follows a predictable trajectory
- dissipates after the injury heals
what are the characteristics of chronic pain? - Answer - insidious onset that is not precisely
recalled
- lasts > 6 months or longer than expected for a given healing process
- continuous pain that is always there with periods of exacerbation
- associated depression, anxiety, personality disorders
- vegetative signs (sleep disturbance, appetite changes, change in sexual function)
- biological response that is NOT adaptive
,what are tools used to assess pain? - Answer - initial pain assessment
- brief pain inventory
- short-form mcgill pain questionnaire
- pain rating scales (numeric rating scales and descriptor scale)
what are some behaviours of a patient experiencing acute pain? - Answer - guarding
- grimacing
- vocalizations (moaning, groaning etc)
- agitation, restlessness
- stillness
- diaphoresis
- change in vital signs
what are some behaviours of a patient experiencing chronic pain? - Answer - bracing
- rubbing
- diminished activity
- sighing
- change in activity
- being with other people
- movement
- exercise
- prayer
- sleeping
what does OPQRSTUV stand for? - Answer O - onset
P - provocative, palliative
Q - quality of the pain
R - region of the body, radiation
S - severity of pain
T - treatment, timing
U - understanding of pain
, what is the goal of "O" (onset) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify the onset of pain (when
active or resting) and whether the pain is acute or chronic
what is the goal of "P" (palliative, provocative) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify the quality
of pain and differentiate between nociceptive and neuropathic pain mechanisms
- to identify alleviating and aggravating factors
- to evaluate the effectiveness of current treatment
what is the goal of "Q" (quality of pain) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify the mechanism of
pain (terms such as "throbbing", "aching", "shooting", "dull" etc may provide clues)
what is the goal of "R" (region of the body, radiation) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify one
or more areas of the body that are affected by pain, as there may be several
what is the goal of "S" (severity of pain) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify intensity (refer to
various intensity scales)
- to identify the degree of impairment and effect on the quality of life or ability to perform
activities of daily living (ADLs)
what is the goal of "T" (treatment, timing) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify treatments
which have been successful in the past
- to identify the timing of the pain so that treatment can be focused on spikes in pain
what is the goal of "U" (understanding of pain) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to understand the
patient history of pain
- to be able to set achievable pain and function goals when reviewing the plan of care
what is the goal of "V" (values) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to understand and discuss other
stressors, spiritual pain
P - provocative, palliative - Answer - does your pain increase with movement or activity?
- are the symptoms relieved with rest?
- were any previous treatments effective?
with Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2025
Update.
what are the sources of pain? - Answer - visceral pain
- deep somatic pain
- cutaneous pain
- referred pain
what are the two types of pain? - Answer - acute pain
- chronic pain
what is another name for chronic pain? - Answer - persistent pain
what are the characteristics of acute pain? - Answer - rapid onset recalled by the patient
- localized (patient can point to it)
- most intense immediately after onset and then it decreases
- anxiety is the immediate psychological reaction, followed by adaptive biological response
(withdrawing, holding, covering injured part to protect it)
- short term
- self-limiting
- follows a predictable trajectory
- dissipates after the injury heals
what are the characteristics of chronic pain? - Answer - insidious onset that is not precisely
recalled
- lasts > 6 months or longer than expected for a given healing process
- continuous pain that is always there with periods of exacerbation
- associated depression, anxiety, personality disorders
- vegetative signs (sleep disturbance, appetite changes, change in sexual function)
- biological response that is NOT adaptive
,what are tools used to assess pain? - Answer - initial pain assessment
- brief pain inventory
- short-form mcgill pain questionnaire
- pain rating scales (numeric rating scales and descriptor scale)
what are some behaviours of a patient experiencing acute pain? - Answer - guarding
- grimacing
- vocalizations (moaning, groaning etc)
- agitation, restlessness
- stillness
- diaphoresis
- change in vital signs
what are some behaviours of a patient experiencing chronic pain? - Answer - bracing
- rubbing
- diminished activity
- sighing
- change in activity
- being with other people
- movement
- exercise
- prayer
- sleeping
what does OPQRSTUV stand for? - Answer O - onset
P - provocative, palliative
Q - quality of the pain
R - region of the body, radiation
S - severity of pain
T - treatment, timing
U - understanding of pain
, what is the goal of "O" (onset) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify the onset of pain (when
active or resting) and whether the pain is acute or chronic
what is the goal of "P" (palliative, provocative) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify the quality
of pain and differentiate between nociceptive and neuropathic pain mechanisms
- to identify alleviating and aggravating factors
- to evaluate the effectiveness of current treatment
what is the goal of "Q" (quality of pain) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify the mechanism of
pain (terms such as "throbbing", "aching", "shooting", "dull" etc may provide clues)
what is the goal of "R" (region of the body, radiation) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify one
or more areas of the body that are affected by pain, as there may be several
what is the goal of "S" (severity of pain) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify intensity (refer to
various intensity scales)
- to identify the degree of impairment and effect on the quality of life or ability to perform
activities of daily living (ADLs)
what is the goal of "T" (treatment, timing) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to identify treatments
which have been successful in the past
- to identify the timing of the pain so that treatment can be focused on spikes in pain
what is the goal of "U" (understanding of pain) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to understand the
patient history of pain
- to be able to set achievable pain and function goals when reviewing the plan of care
what is the goal of "V" (values) in OPQRSTUV? - Answer - to understand and discuss other
stressors, spiritual pain
P - provocative, palliative - Answer - does your pain increase with movement or activity?
- are the symptoms relieved with rest?
- were any previous treatments effective?
