ACVREP Multiple Choice – Questions With Expert
Solutions
How is perception related to action and to knowledge:
A) Perception is what people come to know about objects,
environments, and events without being told about them;
perception and action are influenced by what a person knows.
Perception also shapes how you learn
B) Perception and action are cycle; people act to learn about their
surroundings and they use this knowledge to guide their actions
C) There is no connection
D) We learn from perception and movement Correct Answer -
A&B
What is environmental flow and how is it related to orientation:
A) Environmental flow is the perception of the environment; it is
important for orientation because it aids in accessing information
B) Environmental flow is how travelers access and gain information
while traveling
C) Environmental flow is the changes in distance and direction to
objects in the environment that change during travel; it relates to
orientation for accessing and gaining information Correct Answer
- C
How does the probabilistic model of intersensory integration differ
from other models
A) This model takes into account all variables rather than specific
variables
B) In this model the weight given to each experience is based on
experience rather than a standard
,C) In this model all available forms of information are equally
weighted
D) In this model all available information as well as the reliability of
the information is given weight Correct Answer - A, B, D
What is general-purpose sensory substitution
A) a type of assistive technology
B) information unavailable to someone because of a sensory
impairment can be perceived by substituting another sensory
modality
C) Different sources provide different access to information
Correct Answer - B
What is signal detection theory and how is it relevant to O&M
A) Signal detection theory distinguishes between lack of preceptual
sensitivity and detection criteria; it is relevant to O&M because it is
focused on the judgments made in the presence of ambiguity or
noise
B) " " the ability to detect changes in the environment; it is relevant
to O&M because travelers must be able to detect change in the
environment for different reasons
C) " " the framework used to characterize errors made during
judgement, especially in the presence or lack of sound Correct
Answer - A&C
What are constant and variable errors and how are they relevant to
O&M
A) constant error occurs when someone consistently makes the
same type of localization error while variable error is a measure of
the self-to-object location; they are important to O&M to be able to
predict how a student will act or react
,B) Constant error occurs when someone consistently makes the
same type of localization error while variable error is a measure of
the precision of perceptual localization; they are important to O&M
to be able to predict how a student will act or react
C) Constant error occurs when someone consistently makes the
same type of localization error while variable error is a measure of
how often the student commits a constant error; they are important
to O&M to be able to predict how a student will act or react
Correct Answer - B
What are the challenges in establishing and maintaining orientation
without vision
A) challenges include inability to familiarize tot he environment and
find their way through
B) " " lack of ability to gain information and use appropriate
information to make decisions
C) " " lack of access to perceptual information that guide decision
making and ability to acquire information about environment
Correct Answer - C
How do travelers with visual impairment determine where they are
Correct Answer - - spatial updating
- landmarks and other info points
- cues and clues
- cognitive and tactile maps
what strategies do travelers with visual impairments use to
determine the correct route to their destination
A) drop off lessons
B) polarcentric, cartographic, and topocentric information
C) spatial updating and cognitive maps
D) problem solving Correct Answer - B&C
, What factors affects one's ability to establish and maintain
orientation and mobility
A) available auditory and tactile information and memory recall
B) memory recall only
C) cognitive maps Correct Answer - A
What strategies do people who have visual impairments use to
explore a new environment or recover from unexpected problems,
such as disorientation or detour Correct Answer - - tactile
maps
- problem solving to reestablish orientation using available sensory
information
- soliciting information
what is a cognitive map and how does it aid in O&M
A) a mental representation of space; it aids O&M by providing
information of landmarks and routes
B) the way people create and recall mental images of the distances
and directions to places out of range of their perceptual systems; it
aids O&M as a way to use and recall information about routes and
spatial arrangements of places
C) how people recreate and recall mental images of their
surroundings; it aids O&M because it provides information on
landmarks and routes Correct Answer - B
What strategies are most effective in teaching young children who
have a visual impairment the perceptual and cognitive skills they
need to travel independently in familiar and new environments
A) only tactile maps and play
Solutions
How is perception related to action and to knowledge:
A) Perception is what people come to know about objects,
environments, and events without being told about them;
perception and action are influenced by what a person knows.
Perception also shapes how you learn
B) Perception and action are cycle; people act to learn about their
surroundings and they use this knowledge to guide their actions
C) There is no connection
D) We learn from perception and movement Correct Answer -
A&B
What is environmental flow and how is it related to orientation:
A) Environmental flow is the perception of the environment; it is
important for orientation because it aids in accessing information
B) Environmental flow is how travelers access and gain information
while traveling
C) Environmental flow is the changes in distance and direction to
objects in the environment that change during travel; it relates to
orientation for accessing and gaining information Correct Answer
- C
How does the probabilistic model of intersensory integration differ
from other models
A) This model takes into account all variables rather than specific
variables
B) In this model the weight given to each experience is based on
experience rather than a standard
,C) In this model all available forms of information are equally
weighted
D) In this model all available information as well as the reliability of
the information is given weight Correct Answer - A, B, D
What is general-purpose sensory substitution
A) a type of assistive technology
B) information unavailable to someone because of a sensory
impairment can be perceived by substituting another sensory
modality
C) Different sources provide different access to information
Correct Answer - B
What is signal detection theory and how is it relevant to O&M
A) Signal detection theory distinguishes between lack of preceptual
sensitivity and detection criteria; it is relevant to O&M because it is
focused on the judgments made in the presence of ambiguity or
noise
B) " " the ability to detect changes in the environment; it is relevant
to O&M because travelers must be able to detect change in the
environment for different reasons
C) " " the framework used to characterize errors made during
judgement, especially in the presence or lack of sound Correct
Answer - A&C
What are constant and variable errors and how are they relevant to
O&M
A) constant error occurs when someone consistently makes the
same type of localization error while variable error is a measure of
the self-to-object location; they are important to O&M to be able to
predict how a student will act or react
,B) Constant error occurs when someone consistently makes the
same type of localization error while variable error is a measure of
the precision of perceptual localization; they are important to O&M
to be able to predict how a student will act or react
C) Constant error occurs when someone consistently makes the
same type of localization error while variable error is a measure of
how often the student commits a constant error; they are important
to O&M to be able to predict how a student will act or react
Correct Answer - B
What are the challenges in establishing and maintaining orientation
without vision
A) challenges include inability to familiarize tot he environment and
find their way through
B) " " lack of ability to gain information and use appropriate
information to make decisions
C) " " lack of access to perceptual information that guide decision
making and ability to acquire information about environment
Correct Answer - C
How do travelers with visual impairment determine where they are
Correct Answer - - spatial updating
- landmarks and other info points
- cues and clues
- cognitive and tactile maps
what strategies do travelers with visual impairments use to
determine the correct route to their destination
A) drop off lessons
B) polarcentric, cartographic, and topocentric information
C) spatial updating and cognitive maps
D) problem solving Correct Answer - B&C
, What factors affects one's ability to establish and maintain
orientation and mobility
A) available auditory and tactile information and memory recall
B) memory recall only
C) cognitive maps Correct Answer - A
What strategies do people who have visual impairments use to
explore a new environment or recover from unexpected problems,
such as disorientation or detour Correct Answer - - tactile
maps
- problem solving to reestablish orientation using available sensory
information
- soliciting information
what is a cognitive map and how does it aid in O&M
A) a mental representation of space; it aids O&M by providing
information of landmarks and routes
B) the way people create and recall mental images of the distances
and directions to places out of range of their perceptual systems; it
aids O&M as a way to use and recall information about routes and
spatial arrangements of places
C) how people recreate and recall mental images of their
surroundings; it aids O&M because it provides information on
landmarks and routes Correct Answer - B
What strategies are most effective in teaching young children who
have a visual impairment the perceptual and cognitive skills they
need to travel independently in familiar and new environments
A) only tactile maps and play
