NUR 452 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Investigates the distribution or patterns of health events in populations and the
determinants or the factors the influence those patterns. - Answers - Epidemiology
This type of epidemiology describes what, who, where, and when. - Answers -
Descriptive epidemiology.
What is the overall effect of the disease?
What is the disease/issue?
Who is affected?
Where is the disease prevalent?
When are people getting the disease?
This type of epidemiology analyses how and why. - Answers - Analytic epidemiology
How are they getting it?
Why are they getting it?
A statistic used for describing an event, characteristic, or happening. Time important or
a proportion. Used to make comparisons among populations or to compare a subgroup
of the population with the total population. - Answers - Rate
Total population - Answers - Crude rate
Subgroup of the population - Answers - Specific rate
Illness rates usually expressed as incidence or prevalence. - Answers - Morbidity
The # of new cases of an illness or injury - Answers - Incidence
The measurement of all the existing cases at a given point in time, includes incidence
and all existing cases - Answers - Prevalence
Death - Answers - Mortality
What is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.? - Answers - Smoking
Top 3 causes of death in U.S. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in infants. - Answers - 1. Congenital anomalies
2. Short gestation
3. SIDS
,Top 3 causes of death in children 1-4 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Congenital anomalies
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in children 5-9 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Congenital anomalies
Top 3 causes of death in children 10-14 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Suicide
Top 3 causes of death in teens and young adults. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 5 causes of death in 25-44 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
4. Malignant neoplasms
5. Heart disease
Top 3 causes of death in 45-64 years. - Answers - 1. Malignant neoplasms
2. Heart disease
3. Unintentional injury
Top 3 causes of death in 65 years+ - Answers - 1. Heart disease
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Describe the nurse's role within epidemiology. - Answers - Nurses use surveillance
and outbreak investigation.
For epidemiology data, nurses:
-Collect
-Report
-Analyze
-Interpret
-Communicate
Communicable disease:
-Identify
-Report
-Treat
-Follow-up
, Ongoing systemic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of specific
health data. Monitor disease trends to decrease morbidity and mortality and increase
health. - Answers - Surveillance
Investigation of unusual increase in disease incidence or an unusual event. To
determine who else has been exposed to prevent larger outbreak.
-To control and prevent disease or death
-To ID factors that contribute to the outbreak of the disease or occurrence of the event
-To implement measures to prevent occurrences - Answers - Outbreak investigation
What is the epidemiological triangle made up of? - Answers - 1. Susceptible person or
host
2. Environment
3. Causative agent
A living species (human or animal) capable of being affected by an agent - Answers -
Susceptible person or host
List some examples of susceptible person or host in regards to the epidemiologic
triangle. - Answers - -Healthcare worker
-Prisoner's risky behavior
-A person's diet choice
-Unprotected sex practices of a person
All that is internal or external to a given host or agent and is influenced and influences
the host and/or agent - Answers - Environment
List some examples of environment in regards to the epidemiologic triangle. - Answers
- -Characteristics of a virus
-Crowded living conditions
-Diet staple (such as rice) in a culture
-Legislation and policies
-Dusty ground
An animate or inanimate factor that must be present or lacking for a disease or
condition to develop - Answers - Causative agent
List some examples of causative agent in regards to the epidemiologic triangle. -
Answers - -Bacteria
-Obesity
-Fungus
List the 6 aspects of the Chain of Infection Model. - Answers - 1. Agent
2. Reservoir
3. Exit
4. Transmission
Investigates the distribution or patterns of health events in populations and the
determinants or the factors the influence those patterns. - Answers - Epidemiology
This type of epidemiology describes what, who, where, and when. - Answers -
Descriptive epidemiology.
What is the overall effect of the disease?
What is the disease/issue?
Who is affected?
Where is the disease prevalent?
When are people getting the disease?
This type of epidemiology analyses how and why. - Answers - Analytic epidemiology
How are they getting it?
Why are they getting it?
A statistic used for describing an event, characteristic, or happening. Time important or
a proportion. Used to make comparisons among populations or to compare a subgroup
of the population with the total population. - Answers - Rate
Total population - Answers - Crude rate
Subgroup of the population - Answers - Specific rate
Illness rates usually expressed as incidence or prevalence. - Answers - Morbidity
The # of new cases of an illness or injury - Answers - Incidence
The measurement of all the existing cases at a given point in time, includes incidence
and all existing cases - Answers - Prevalence
Death - Answers - Mortality
What is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.? - Answers - Smoking
Top 3 causes of death in U.S. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in infants. - Answers - 1. Congenital anomalies
2. Short gestation
3. SIDS
,Top 3 causes of death in children 1-4 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Congenital anomalies
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in children 5-9 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Congenital anomalies
Top 3 causes of death in children 10-14 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Suicide
Top 3 causes of death in teens and young adults. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 5 causes of death in 25-44 years. - Answers - 1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
4. Malignant neoplasms
5. Heart disease
Top 3 causes of death in 45-64 years. - Answers - 1. Malignant neoplasms
2. Heart disease
3. Unintentional injury
Top 3 causes of death in 65 years+ - Answers - 1. Heart disease
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Describe the nurse's role within epidemiology. - Answers - Nurses use surveillance
and outbreak investigation.
For epidemiology data, nurses:
-Collect
-Report
-Analyze
-Interpret
-Communicate
Communicable disease:
-Identify
-Report
-Treat
-Follow-up
, Ongoing systemic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of specific
health data. Monitor disease trends to decrease morbidity and mortality and increase
health. - Answers - Surveillance
Investigation of unusual increase in disease incidence or an unusual event. To
determine who else has been exposed to prevent larger outbreak.
-To control and prevent disease or death
-To ID factors that contribute to the outbreak of the disease or occurrence of the event
-To implement measures to prevent occurrences - Answers - Outbreak investigation
What is the epidemiological triangle made up of? - Answers - 1. Susceptible person or
host
2. Environment
3. Causative agent
A living species (human or animal) capable of being affected by an agent - Answers -
Susceptible person or host
List some examples of susceptible person or host in regards to the epidemiologic
triangle. - Answers - -Healthcare worker
-Prisoner's risky behavior
-A person's diet choice
-Unprotected sex practices of a person
All that is internal or external to a given host or agent and is influenced and influences
the host and/or agent - Answers - Environment
List some examples of environment in regards to the epidemiologic triangle. - Answers
- -Characteristics of a virus
-Crowded living conditions
-Diet staple (such as rice) in a culture
-Legislation and policies
-Dusty ground
An animate or inanimate factor that must be present or lacking for a disease or
condition to develop - Answers - Causative agent
List some examples of causative agent in regards to the epidemiologic triangle. -
Answers - -Bacteria
-Obesity
-Fungus
List the 6 aspects of the Chain of Infection Model. - Answers - 1. Agent
2. Reservoir
3. Exit
4. Transmission
