1. Properties of matter
The 3 states of matter are Liquid, Solid and Gas.
As we can see in this visible depiction, the particles and their spacing determines the state.
When the particles are very close together and not able to move much, the state is solid. When
the particles are a little more spaced out, the state is a liquid. When the particles are very
spaced out and able to move freely, the state is a gas.
2. Physical properties vs. Chemical properties
Physical properties Chemical properties
Properties that can be observed without How the substance reacts to other
changing the substance's identity of chemical substances to form a new substance.
make-up. Includes:
Includes: Flammability, reactivity and the ability to rust
Color, shape, density, boiling point
Summary of difference:
You can observe physical properties without changing the chemical make-up whereas, you can't
observe the chemical properties without changing the substance's identity or forming a new
substance.
3. Pure substances vs. Mixtures
Types of pure substances:
- An element (Oxygen, Hydrogen or any other single element on the periodic table)
- A compound (2 or more elements bonded together ex. H2O, NO, CO2)
Types of mixtures:
- Homogeneous mixture: a type of mixture where the individual elements are not able to
be separated or distinguished on their own (Ex. milk, smoothie, etc.)
- Heterogenous mixture: a mixture within which some or all of the individual elements are
individually distinguishable (Ex. trail mix, choc chip cookies, etc.)
The 3 states of matter are Liquid, Solid and Gas.
As we can see in this visible depiction, the particles and their spacing determines the state.
When the particles are very close together and not able to move much, the state is solid. When
the particles are a little more spaced out, the state is a liquid. When the particles are very
spaced out and able to move freely, the state is a gas.
2. Physical properties vs. Chemical properties
Physical properties Chemical properties
Properties that can be observed without How the substance reacts to other
changing the substance's identity of chemical substances to form a new substance.
make-up. Includes:
Includes: Flammability, reactivity and the ability to rust
Color, shape, density, boiling point
Summary of difference:
You can observe physical properties without changing the chemical make-up whereas, you can't
observe the chemical properties without changing the substance's identity or forming a new
substance.
3. Pure substances vs. Mixtures
Types of pure substances:
- An element (Oxygen, Hydrogen or any other single element on the periodic table)
- A compound (2 or more elements bonded together ex. H2O, NO, CO2)
Types of mixtures:
- Homogeneous mixture: a type of mixture where the individual elements are not able to
be separated or distinguished on their own (Ex. milk, smoothie, etc.)
- Heterogenous mixture: a mixture within which some or all of the individual elements are
individually distinguishable (Ex. trail mix, choc chip cookies, etc.)
