KU BIOL 600 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine, and... -
ANSWER thymine
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between A and T - ANSWER 2
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between C and G - ANSWER 3
The cellular process of synthesis of RNA from DNA template is called -
ANSWER Transcription
....are cells which are composed of multiple specialized membrane-bound
compartments. - ANSWER Eukaryotic cells
Broad class of biological macromolecules that are hydrophobic and function as
membrane
barrier, signaling molecules, and fuel storage, among others - ANSWER lipids
Cellular organelle where glycosylation occurs. - ANSWER Golgi apparatus
Organelle that can be 'rough' or 'smooth' and is responsible for protein
processing and
xenobiotic metabolism - ANSWER endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Organelle filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes - ANSWER
lysosome
What are the four key classes of biomolecules? - ANSWER proteins, nucleic
acids (DNA/RNA), carbohydrates, and lipids
, How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells? - ANSWER eukaryotic
cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not
Draw a diagram for the central dogma of biology - ANSWER
What two classes of biomolecules are capable of catalysis? - ANSWER
proteins and RNA
Which biomolecules are chiefly responsible for catalysis of cellular processes? -
ANSWER proteins
DNA and RNA are composed of what basic biochemical compounds? -
ANSWER nucleotides
...weak interaction between water molecules. - ANSWER hydrogen bonding
Which type of amino acids are responsible for increasing entropy as a protein
folds. - ANSWER hydrophobic/nonpolar amino acids
Using Coulomb's law, describe how water is an ideal solvent for the ions found
in cells? - ANSWER Water has a high D, dielectric constant, which makes F
lower. F is the force needed to dissolve ions with charges q1 and q2
What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in biochemical structures such as
DNA? - ANSWER The weak nature of H bonds (compared to covalent bonds)
allow the two DNA strands to be 'unzipped' during replication, and to reform
again, with less energy
What is an electrostatic interaction? Give an example. - ANSWER Electrostatic
or ionic interactions are between charged groups, or between ions
Like the R groups of Arg and Lys. Or the amino group (-NH3
+) and the carboxyl group (-COO-)
Give another name for van der Waals interactions. - ANSWER
hydrophobic/nonpolar interactions
If most proteins are found surrounded by water in the cell, what type of
functional groups would you expect to
CORRECT ANSWERS
DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine, and... -
ANSWER thymine
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between A and T - ANSWER 2
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between C and G - ANSWER 3
The cellular process of synthesis of RNA from DNA template is called -
ANSWER Transcription
....are cells which are composed of multiple specialized membrane-bound
compartments. - ANSWER Eukaryotic cells
Broad class of biological macromolecules that are hydrophobic and function as
membrane
barrier, signaling molecules, and fuel storage, among others - ANSWER lipids
Cellular organelle where glycosylation occurs. - ANSWER Golgi apparatus
Organelle that can be 'rough' or 'smooth' and is responsible for protein
processing and
xenobiotic metabolism - ANSWER endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Organelle filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes - ANSWER
lysosome
What are the four key classes of biomolecules? - ANSWER proteins, nucleic
acids (DNA/RNA), carbohydrates, and lipids
, How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells? - ANSWER eukaryotic
cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not
Draw a diagram for the central dogma of biology - ANSWER
What two classes of biomolecules are capable of catalysis? - ANSWER
proteins and RNA
Which biomolecules are chiefly responsible for catalysis of cellular processes? -
ANSWER proteins
DNA and RNA are composed of what basic biochemical compounds? -
ANSWER nucleotides
...weak interaction between water molecules. - ANSWER hydrogen bonding
Which type of amino acids are responsible for increasing entropy as a protein
folds. - ANSWER hydrophobic/nonpolar amino acids
Using Coulomb's law, describe how water is an ideal solvent for the ions found
in cells? - ANSWER Water has a high D, dielectric constant, which makes F
lower. F is the force needed to dissolve ions with charges q1 and q2
What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in biochemical structures such as
DNA? - ANSWER The weak nature of H bonds (compared to covalent bonds)
allow the two DNA strands to be 'unzipped' during replication, and to reform
again, with less energy
What is an electrostatic interaction? Give an example. - ANSWER Electrostatic
or ionic interactions are between charged groups, or between ions
Like the R groups of Arg and Lys. Or the amino group (-NH3
+) and the carboxyl group (-COO-)
Give another name for van der Waals interactions. - ANSWER
hydrophobic/nonpolar interactions
If most proteins are found surrounded by water in the cell, what type of
functional groups would you expect to
