NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review Study
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9dz0xt
NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest
Updated) Rasmussen.
1.What are the three stages of AKI presentation?:ANS - Prodromal
- Oliguric
- post-oliguric
2.Causes of chronic kidney disease: - ANS Outcome of progressive and
irrevocable loss of functional nephrons.
- Due to kidney not recovering
•Can lead up to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which requires dialysis
3.Risk Factors of chronic kidney disease: ANS - Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Recurrent pyelonephritis
- Polycystic kidney disease
- History of exposure to toxins
- Age over 65
- Ethnicity (African American male higher risk)
4.complications of chronic kidney disease: - ANS hypertension and
, NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review Study
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9dz0xt
cardiovascular disease
- uremic syndrome
- metabolic acidosis
- electrolyte imbalances
- bone and mineral disorders
- malnutrition
- anemia
- pain
- depression
5.Hypertension and cardiovascular disease: - (increased blood volume)
Hyper- volemia, escalated atherosclerotic process
6.Uremic Syndrome: - ANS Can't get rid of normal metabolic waste
Retention of metabolic wastes, impaired healing, pruritusm dermatitis,
and uremic frost (itching & discomfort)
7.. Metabolic acidosis: - Retention of acidic waste products, hyperkalemia
8.Electrolyte Imbalances: - Retained potassium (hyperkalemia),
phosphorus, and magnesium
9.Bone and mineral disorders: Elevated phosphorus and PTH causes
altered bone/mineral metabolism.
Kidneys are unable to reabsorb calcium (body steals calcium from parts
of the body)
10.Malnutrition: - Decreased intake, depression, and dietary
limitations (De- creased salt, protein and potassium)
, NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review Study
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9dz0xt
11.Anemia: - Lack of erythropoietin (produces new RBC), uremia
shortens RBCs life
12.Pain: - Many reasons; disease itself, treatment, comorbidities
13.Depression: - Comorbid conditions; disease itself; disruption of social
interac- tions and relationships
14.Urge Incontinence: - Sudden need to void with an involuntary leakage
of urine If it happens at night (nocturia) it is called overactive bladder
15.Stress Incontinence: - Small amounts of urine are voided involuntarily
when there is an increase in intraabdominal pressure. (More common in
women following childbirth; Can occur with coughing, sneezing and
lifting heavy objects)
16.Neurogenic bladder: From a disruption of nervous communication that
controls micturition.
Seen in individuals with stroke, Parkinson's, MS, and spinal cord injuries.
17.Functional Incontinence: - Secondary to physical or environmental
limitations such as not getting to the toilet in time.
18.Mixed Incontinence: - A combination of both stress and urge
incontinence
More common in elderly women
19.Overflow Incontinence: - When the bladder becomes full and
overflows (Due to something physically blocking; NOT from holding
urine)
20.Cystitis (UTI): - Inflammation of the bladder lining due to E. coli from
infections, chemical irritants or stones.
21.General S/S of Cystitis (UTI): - frequency, urgency, dysuria,
suprapubic pain, and cloudy urine
22.S/S of Cystitis (UTI) in Children: - fever, irritability, poor feeding,
vomiting, and diarrhea.
23.S/S of Cystitis (UTI) in older adults: - delirium and new onset incontince
24.. Patient teachings to prevent cystitis: - Urinate before and after
sexual intercourse
- Wipe front to back
- Take antibiotics as prescribed
- Increase fluid intake
- Do not resist urge to urinate
25.What can happen if cystitis does not resolve?: - It can lead up to
Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review Study
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9dz0xt
NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest
Updated) Rasmussen.
1.What are the three stages of AKI presentation?:ANS - Prodromal
- Oliguric
- post-oliguric
2.Causes of chronic kidney disease: - ANS Outcome of progressive and
irrevocable loss of functional nephrons.
- Due to kidney not recovering
•Can lead up to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which requires dialysis
3.Risk Factors of chronic kidney disease: ANS - Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Recurrent pyelonephritis
- Polycystic kidney disease
- History of exposure to toxins
- Age over 65
- Ethnicity (African American male higher risk)
4.complications of chronic kidney disease: - ANS hypertension and
, NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review Study
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9dz0xt
cardiovascular disease
- uremic syndrome
- metabolic acidosis
- electrolyte imbalances
- bone and mineral disorders
- malnutrition
- anemia
- pain
- depression
5.Hypertension and cardiovascular disease: - (increased blood volume)
Hyper- volemia, escalated atherosclerotic process
6.Uremic Syndrome: - ANS Can't get rid of normal metabolic waste
Retention of metabolic wastes, impaired healing, pruritusm dermatitis,
and uremic frost (itching & discomfort)
7.. Metabolic acidosis: - Retention of acidic waste products, hyperkalemia
8.Electrolyte Imbalances: - Retained potassium (hyperkalemia),
phosphorus, and magnesium
9.Bone and mineral disorders: Elevated phosphorus and PTH causes
altered bone/mineral metabolism.
Kidneys are unable to reabsorb calcium (body steals calcium from parts
of the body)
10.Malnutrition: - Decreased intake, depression, and dietary
limitations (De- creased salt, protein and potassium)
, NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 Review Study
Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9dz0xt
11.Anemia: - Lack of erythropoietin (produces new RBC), uremia
shortens RBCs life
12.Pain: - Many reasons; disease itself, treatment, comorbidities
13.Depression: - Comorbid conditions; disease itself; disruption of social
interac- tions and relationships
14.Urge Incontinence: - Sudden need to void with an involuntary leakage
of urine If it happens at night (nocturia) it is called overactive bladder
15.Stress Incontinence: - Small amounts of urine are voided involuntarily
when there is an increase in intraabdominal pressure. (More common in
women following childbirth; Can occur with coughing, sneezing and
lifting heavy objects)
16.Neurogenic bladder: From a disruption of nervous communication that
controls micturition.
Seen in individuals with stroke, Parkinson's, MS, and spinal cord injuries.
17.Functional Incontinence: - Secondary to physical or environmental
limitations such as not getting to the toilet in time.
18.Mixed Incontinence: - A combination of both stress and urge
incontinence
More common in elderly women
19.Overflow Incontinence: - When the bladder becomes full and
overflows (Due to something physically blocking; NOT from holding
urine)
20.Cystitis (UTI): - Inflammation of the bladder lining due to E. coli from
infections, chemical irritants or stones.
21.General S/S of Cystitis (UTI): - frequency, urgency, dysuria,
suprapubic pain, and cloudy urine
22.S/S of Cystitis (UTI) in Children: - fever, irritability, poor feeding,
vomiting, and diarrhea.
23.S/S of Cystitis (UTI) in older adults: - delirium and new onset incontince
24.. Patient teachings to prevent cystitis: - Urinate before and after
sexual intercourse
- Wipe front to back
- Take antibiotics as prescribed
- Increase fluid intake
- Do not resist urge to urinate
25.What can happen if cystitis does not resolve?: - It can lead up to
