UNIT 1- BIOL 230 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Integration: - CORRECT✅✅The process in which the bodies systems work together
to accomplish a unified/common task
emergent properties - CORRECT✅✅In a complex hierarchy such as the body's
organizational plan, as
each level gives rise to the next highest level, new properties emerge
that are not present at the levels below
Metabolism: - CORRECT✅✅The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in the
body (catabolism "breakdown" eg fat breakdown by the gall bladder, anabolism "build
up" eg amino acids
Responsiveness: - CORRECT✅✅: Is the bodies ability to detect and respond to
changes. Eg the body regulates body temperature, which Is why you shiver when you
get cold (Internal). External factor would be protecting your face when you see a ball
coming at you (external)
Movement: - CORRECT✅✅Includes motion of the whole body, organs, single cells,
and tiny structures inside of cell
Growth: - CORRECT✅✅Is an increase in body size that results from an increase in
the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells or both.
Differentiation: - CORRECT✅✅Is the development of a cell from an unspecialized to a
specialized state. Each type of cell in the body has a specialized structure and function
that differs from that of its precursor (ancestor) cells. For example, erythrocytes (red
blood cells) and several types of leukocytes all arise from the same unspecialized
precursor cells in bone marrow.
Stem cells : - CORRECT✅✅Precursor cells that can divide and give rise to cells that
undergo differentiation.
Reproduction: - CORRECT✅✅Refers to the formation of new cells for tissue growth,
repair, or replacement. Or the production of a new individual
Homeostasis - CORRECT✅✅The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the
body's internal environment
Intracellular fluid: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid within cells compromises 2/3 of total body
fluid
,Extracellular fluid: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid that is outside of the cells which
compromises the other 1/3 of the body and is composed 80% intercellular fluid
(inbetween cells) and 20 % plasma
Interstitial fluid: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid the fills the narrow spaces between the cells
Plasma: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid portion of blood
Homeostasis: - CORRECT✅✅The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the
body's internal environment
Steady state: - CORRECT✅✅energy is needed to keep the regulated parameter at a
relatively constant level
Equilibrium: - CORRECT✅✅conditions remain constant without the expenditure of
energy
Feedback system - CORRECT✅✅: is a cycle of events in which a parameter of the
internal environment is monitored, evaluated,changed, remonitored, reevaluated, and
so on.
Stimulus: - CORRECT✅✅Any disruption that changes a controlled variable is called a
stimulus.
Receptor: - CORRECT✅✅: a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled
variable and sends input to a control center.
Negative feed back system: - CORRECT✅✅Reverses a change in a controlled
variable
Baroreceptors: - CORRECT✅✅the receptors), pressure sensitive neurons located in
the walls of certain blood vessels, detect the higher pressure. These neurons send
action potentials (input) to the brain (control center)
Positive Feedback system: - CORRECT✅✅strengthens or reinforces a change in a
controlled variable. A positive feedback system operates similarly to a negative
feedback system except for theway the response affects the controlled variable.
Control Center - CORRECT✅✅determines the narrow range or set point within which
a controlled variable should be maintained, output from the control center typically
occurs as action potentials, or hormones or other chemical signals.
Effector: - CORRECT✅✅a body structure that receives output from the control center
and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled variable. Nearly every
organ or tissue in the body can behaveas an effector
, Feedforward control - CORRECT✅✅Events occur in anticipation of a change in a
controlled variable
Disorder: - CORRECT✅✅any abnormality of structure or function
Disease: - CORRECT✅✅A more specific term for an illness characterized by a
recognizable setof signs and symptoms
Signs: - CORRECT✅✅are objective changes that a clinician can observe and
measure, such as swelling, fever, high blood pressure, or paralysis.
Symptoms: - CORRECT✅✅are subjective changes in body functions that are not
apparent to an observer, such as headache, nausea, or anxiety.
What do all living and non living things consist of? - CORRECT✅✅Matter
Matter is anything that.... - CORRECT✅✅Takes up space and has mass
What is the difference between mass and weight? - CORRECT✅✅Mass is stable,
weight changes based on gravity. an astronaut in space would have the same Mass but
a different weight
Living and non living matter is all composed of? - CORRECT✅✅Atoms
What is an atom - CORRECT✅✅An atom is the smallest stable unit of matter
Matter composed of one kind of atom is considered a... - CORRECT✅✅Element
What are the 4 major elements? - CORRECT✅✅Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen,
Nitrogen
Part of water and many other organic molecules, Used to generate ATP, used by cells
to temporarily store energy - CORRECT✅✅Oxygen
Forms backbone chains and rings of all organic molecules: Carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids - CORRECT✅✅Carbon
Constituent of water and most organic molecules ionized from Hydrogen, makes body
fluids more acidic - CORRECT✅✅Hydrogen
Component of all proteins and nucleic acids - CORRECT✅✅Nitrogen
Atomic Number - CORRECT✅✅total number of protons in an atom
mass number (atomic mass) - CORRECT✅✅number of protons plus the number of
neutrons in an atom of an element
ANSWERS
Integration: - CORRECT✅✅The process in which the bodies systems work together
to accomplish a unified/common task
emergent properties - CORRECT✅✅In a complex hierarchy such as the body's
organizational plan, as
each level gives rise to the next highest level, new properties emerge
that are not present at the levels below
Metabolism: - CORRECT✅✅The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in the
body (catabolism "breakdown" eg fat breakdown by the gall bladder, anabolism "build
up" eg amino acids
Responsiveness: - CORRECT✅✅: Is the bodies ability to detect and respond to
changes. Eg the body regulates body temperature, which Is why you shiver when you
get cold (Internal). External factor would be protecting your face when you see a ball
coming at you (external)
Movement: - CORRECT✅✅Includes motion of the whole body, organs, single cells,
and tiny structures inside of cell
Growth: - CORRECT✅✅Is an increase in body size that results from an increase in
the size of existing cells, an increase in the number of cells or both.
Differentiation: - CORRECT✅✅Is the development of a cell from an unspecialized to a
specialized state. Each type of cell in the body has a specialized structure and function
that differs from that of its precursor (ancestor) cells. For example, erythrocytes (red
blood cells) and several types of leukocytes all arise from the same unspecialized
precursor cells in bone marrow.
Stem cells : - CORRECT✅✅Precursor cells that can divide and give rise to cells that
undergo differentiation.
Reproduction: - CORRECT✅✅Refers to the formation of new cells for tissue growth,
repair, or replacement. Or the production of a new individual
Homeostasis - CORRECT✅✅The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the
body's internal environment
Intracellular fluid: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid within cells compromises 2/3 of total body
fluid
,Extracellular fluid: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid that is outside of the cells which
compromises the other 1/3 of the body and is composed 80% intercellular fluid
(inbetween cells) and 20 % plasma
Interstitial fluid: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid the fills the narrow spaces between the cells
Plasma: - CORRECT✅✅The fluid portion of blood
Homeostasis: - CORRECT✅✅The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the
body's internal environment
Steady state: - CORRECT✅✅energy is needed to keep the regulated parameter at a
relatively constant level
Equilibrium: - CORRECT✅✅conditions remain constant without the expenditure of
energy
Feedback system - CORRECT✅✅: is a cycle of events in which a parameter of the
internal environment is monitored, evaluated,changed, remonitored, reevaluated, and
so on.
Stimulus: - CORRECT✅✅Any disruption that changes a controlled variable is called a
stimulus.
Receptor: - CORRECT✅✅: a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled
variable and sends input to a control center.
Negative feed back system: - CORRECT✅✅Reverses a change in a controlled
variable
Baroreceptors: - CORRECT✅✅the receptors), pressure sensitive neurons located in
the walls of certain blood vessels, detect the higher pressure. These neurons send
action potentials (input) to the brain (control center)
Positive Feedback system: - CORRECT✅✅strengthens or reinforces a change in a
controlled variable. A positive feedback system operates similarly to a negative
feedback system except for theway the response affects the controlled variable.
Control Center - CORRECT✅✅determines the narrow range or set point within which
a controlled variable should be maintained, output from the control center typically
occurs as action potentials, or hormones or other chemical signals.
Effector: - CORRECT✅✅a body structure that receives output from the control center
and produces a response or effect that changes the controlled variable. Nearly every
organ or tissue in the body can behaveas an effector
, Feedforward control - CORRECT✅✅Events occur in anticipation of a change in a
controlled variable
Disorder: - CORRECT✅✅any abnormality of structure or function
Disease: - CORRECT✅✅A more specific term for an illness characterized by a
recognizable setof signs and symptoms
Signs: - CORRECT✅✅are objective changes that a clinician can observe and
measure, such as swelling, fever, high blood pressure, or paralysis.
Symptoms: - CORRECT✅✅are subjective changes in body functions that are not
apparent to an observer, such as headache, nausea, or anxiety.
What do all living and non living things consist of? - CORRECT✅✅Matter
Matter is anything that.... - CORRECT✅✅Takes up space and has mass
What is the difference between mass and weight? - CORRECT✅✅Mass is stable,
weight changes based on gravity. an astronaut in space would have the same Mass but
a different weight
Living and non living matter is all composed of? - CORRECT✅✅Atoms
What is an atom - CORRECT✅✅An atom is the smallest stable unit of matter
Matter composed of one kind of atom is considered a... - CORRECT✅✅Element
What are the 4 major elements? - CORRECT✅✅Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen,
Nitrogen
Part of water and many other organic molecules, Used to generate ATP, used by cells
to temporarily store energy - CORRECT✅✅Oxygen
Forms backbone chains and rings of all organic molecules: Carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids - CORRECT✅✅Carbon
Constituent of water and most organic molecules ionized from Hydrogen, makes body
fluids more acidic - CORRECT✅✅Hydrogen
Component of all proteins and nucleic acids - CORRECT✅✅Nitrogen
Atomic Number - CORRECT✅✅total number of protons in an atom
mass number (atomic mass) - CORRECT✅✅number of protons plus the number of
neutrons in an atom of an element
