HSRT TEST PREP EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
How |to |succeed |with |assumption |based |questions: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Think |about |which
|of |the |claims |are |required |to |be |true |in |order |for |the |initial |statement |to |also |be |true
Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |false |belief; |an |error |in |thinking
Formal |Logical |Fallacies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Poorly |constructed |arguments
Informal |Logical |Fallacies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-fallacies |that |appear |in |everyday |reasoning
-Appeal |to |emotion
-Appeals |to |authority
Strawman |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Misrepresenting |someone's |argument |to |make |it |
easier |to |attack
Strawman |Fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Person |A: |The |children's |winter |concert |at |
the |school |should |include |non-Christmas |songs |too. |Person |B: |You |won't |be |happy |until |
Christmas |songs |are |banned |from |being |played |on |the |radio!
slippery |slope |fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |course |of |action |that |seems |to |lead |inevitably |
from |one |action |or |result |to |another |with |unintended |consequences |that |might |seem |
ludicrous
slippery |slope |fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"If |I |allow |my |son |to |become |an |
atheist, |he'll |start |murdering |people |for |fun! |Nothing |will |stop |him |from |doing |bad |things, |
because |he'll |have |no |morals |at |all!"
, Appeal |to |Emotion |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |appeal |to |emotion |is |an |effort |to |win |
an |argument |without |facts, |logic, |or |reason, |but |instead |by |manipulating |the |emotions |of |the |
audience.
appeal |to |emotion |fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Power |lines |cause |cancer. |I |met |a |
little |boy |with |cancer |who |lived |just |20 |miles |from |a |power |line |who |looked |into |my |eyes |and |
said, |in |his |weak |voice, |"Please |do |whatever |you |can |so |that |other |kids |won't |have |to |go |
through |what |I |am |going |through." |I |urge |you |to |vote |for |this |bill |to |tear |down |all |power |lines |
and |replace |them |with |monkeys |on |treadmills.
false |cause |fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-using |what |you |are |trying |to |disprove. |That |is, |
requiring |the |truth |of |something |for |your |proof |that |it |is |false. |For |example, |using |science |to |
show |that |science |is |wrong. |Or, |arguing |that |you |do |not |exist, |when |your |existence |is |clearly |
required |for |you |to |be |making |the |argument.
Ambiguity |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |fallacy |that |occurs |when |a |word |having |more |
than |one |meaning |appears |in |the |argument |to |mislead |or |misrepresent |the |truth
ambiguity |fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"All |beetles |have |six |legs. |John |Lennon |is |a |
Beatle, |so |John |Lennon |has |six |legs."
All |living |beings |come |from |other |living |beings. |Therefore, |the |first |forms |of |life |must |have |
come |from |a |living |being. |That |living |being |is |God.
Living |being |is |not |clear, |a |living |being |could |be |a |bird, |or |a |human. |It's |not |specific |to |God
Assumption |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |claim |that |is |accepted |as |the |truth |without |sufficient |
evidence |
-Claims |made |without |factual |evidence |
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
How |to |succeed |with |assumption |based |questions: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Think |about |which
|of |the |claims |are |required |to |be |true |in |order |for |the |initial |statement |to |also |be |true
Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |false |belief; |an |error |in |thinking
Formal |Logical |Fallacies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Poorly |constructed |arguments
Informal |Logical |Fallacies |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-fallacies |that |appear |in |everyday |reasoning
-Appeal |to |emotion
-Appeals |to |authority
Strawman |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Misrepresenting |someone's |argument |to |make |it |
easier |to |attack
Strawman |Fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Person |A: |The |children's |winter |concert |at |
the |school |should |include |non-Christmas |songs |too. |Person |B: |You |won't |be |happy |until |
Christmas |songs |are |banned |from |being |played |on |the |radio!
slippery |slope |fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |course |of |action |that |seems |to |lead |inevitably |
from |one |action |or |result |to |another |with |unintended |consequences |that |might |seem |
ludicrous
slippery |slope |fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"If |I |allow |my |son |to |become |an |
atheist, |he'll |start |murdering |people |for |fun! |Nothing |will |stop |him |from |doing |bad |things, |
because |he'll |have |no |morals |at |all!"
, Appeal |to |Emotion |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |appeal |to |emotion |is |an |effort |to |win |
an |argument |without |facts, |logic, |or |reason, |but |instead |by |manipulating |the |emotions |of |the |
audience.
appeal |to |emotion |fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Power |lines |cause |cancer. |I |met |a |
little |boy |with |cancer |who |lived |just |20 |miles |from |a |power |line |who |looked |into |my |eyes |and |
said, |in |his |weak |voice, |"Please |do |whatever |you |can |so |that |other |kids |won't |have |to |go |
through |what |I |am |going |through." |I |urge |you |to |vote |for |this |bill |to |tear |down |all |power |lines |
and |replace |them |with |monkeys |on |treadmills.
false |cause |fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-using |what |you |are |trying |to |disprove. |That |is, |
requiring |the |truth |of |something |for |your |proof |that |it |is |false. |For |example, |using |science |to |
show |that |science |is |wrong. |Or, |arguing |that |you |do |not |exist, |when |your |existence |is |clearly |
required |for |you |to |be |making |the |argument.
Ambiguity |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |fallacy |that |occurs |when |a |word |having |more |
than |one |meaning |appears |in |the |argument |to |mislead |or |misrepresent |the |truth
ambiguity |fallacy |example |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"All |beetles |have |six |legs. |John |Lennon |is |a |
Beatle, |so |John |Lennon |has |six |legs."
All |living |beings |come |from |other |living |beings. |Therefore, |the |first |forms |of |life |must |have |
come |from |a |living |being. |That |living |being |is |God.
Living |being |is |not |clear, |a |living |being |could |be |a |bird, |or |a |human. |It's |not |specific |to |God
Assumption |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |claim |that |is |accepted |as |the |truth |without |sufficient |
evidence |
-Claims |made |without |factual |evidence |
