ASU BIO 181 Exam 1 2025

Comparing a single-celled eukaryotic organism with a multicellular organism such as you identify the major difference from the list below. A. Escape from predator B. Finding a mate C. Division of Labor D. Find it's own food E. Nucleus - -C. Division of labor The paramecium swims by way of using a flagella. - -FALSE The contractile vacuole of the paramecium is possibly an evolutionary precursor of the kidney. - -TRUE The paramecium discussed in class contained an organelle called the contractile vacuole. This is the presumed precursor of the: A. Heart B. Kidney C. Liver D. Mouth E. Answer is not listed - -B. Kidney In your own multicellular body, cells with different functions have different DNA. - FALSE A single-celled eukaryotic organism: A. Has a limited number of biomolecular machines. B. Must find food, shelter, a mate and reproduce C. Escape from predators D. None of the above E. Answers A,B,C - -E. Answers A,B,C A cell that is anchorage-dependent for growth will also exhibit contact inhibition. - TRUE In your own multicellular body, different cells in your body have a division of labor between them. - -TRUE Compared to bacteria which of the cell types below are not responsible for finding food" A. Lymphocyte B. Macrophage C. Fibroblast D. None of the above ASU ASU E. Answers a, b, and c - -E. Answers A, B, C What limits the paramecium from acquiring more complex functions? - -Limited number of biomolecular machines A normal cell is anchorage-dependent for growth and mortal. - -TRUE In order to examine cells which are smaller than can be detected by the human senses what needs to be used? (pick the best answer). A. Patience B. Hypotheses C. Technology D. A cell trap E. None of the above - -C. Technology In Cell Biology what can limit the progress of science? A. Lymphocyte B. Progress C. Eating D. Bacteria E. Technology - -E. Technology A cancer cell will be anchorage-dependent for growth and immortal. - -FALSE A cell that is itself an organism must have a minimum of four needs presented in lecture. List these four things. - -Find food, find shelter, find a mate, and reproduce Write a few sentences that explain what limits an individual cell from becoming more complex. - -Limited number in bimolecular machines What limits how big a cell can be? A. Color B. Wavelength C. The surface area to volume ratio D. Resolution E. Type of electron microscopy. - -The surface area to volume ratio. TEM provides a thin, two-dimensional section of the object being studied. - -TRUE In an extant prokaryotic cell, the outer boundary of life is the capsule. - -FALSE The ancient earth did not contain much oxygen. - -TRUE Why is it important to know the limitations of technology? - -Unable to view live cells under SEM magnification, Microscopy is limited with magnification. ASU ASU DNA in extant prokaryotic cells is circular. - -TRUE Loss of the cell wall is required for the endosymbiotic theory. - -TRUE The cytoskeleton gave rise to the nuclear envelope. - -FALSE The presumed first step in the transition of the primitive, proto-prokaryotic cell into the primitive, proto-eukaryotic cell was the loss of the cell wall. Group of answer choices - -FALSE List one limitation of the cell culture technique. - --Not all cells grow in culture -Cells lose their histotype (in vivo shape) and 3-D structure of tissue is changed -Metabolism likely changes It is presumed that the peroxisomes evolved in these primitive, proto-eukaryotes to remove oxygen, which was toxic to the primitive cells. - -TRUE A normal cell is ____________and _________________for growth. - -Mortal Anchorage-dependant Motility improved the fitness of these early cells because: It allowed them to make a nuclear envelope. It caused them to acquire ribosomes. It allowed them to move away from predators and towards food. Two of the above. None of the above. - -It allowed them to move away from predators and towards food Loss of the cell wall was required for the endomembrane system theory. Group of answer choices - -TRUE When cancer cells are crowded by surrounding cells, the cancer cells become spherical and they can still go through cell division. - -TRUE The end of the retraction fiber touching the cell culture plate still contains the cell equivalent of super-glue. - -TRUE After a cell is pancake shaped in a cell culture dish, the order of events that occurs as a cell walks is (pick the best order): A. Lamellipodia, filopodia, cell muscle, retraction fiber. B. Cell muscle, cell super-glue, retraction fiber, lamellipodia. C. Filapodia, lamellipodia, cell muscle, retraction fiber. D. Two of the above. E. None of the above. - -C. Filapodia, lamellipodia, cell muscle, retraction fiber. Ribosomes bound to some of the membrane invaginations in the endomembrane theory. - -TRUE ASU ASU Fluorescence microscopy is a form of light microscopy. Group of answer choices - -TRUE The cytoskeleton enabled the primitive cell to become motile. - -TRUE Finish the sentence based on my lectures: The association of ribosomes with _________________ invaginations would support the ______________ theory. - Membrane Endomembrane Active transport uses ATP to move components in parallel with their concentration gradient, that is: from a high concentration to a low concentration. - -FALSE What are the two functions of a membrane? - -- Regulating which molecules go in and out of the cell - Separating incompatible processes occurring within organelles If something is soluble in water a of hydration forms around it and it is termed - Hydrophilic We are made up of ______ percent water. - -50-70% The plasma membrane gets new lipids from: A.The lumen of the ER. B. The lumen of the Golgi apparatus. C. Making new lipids at the plasma membrane. D. The nucleus. E. None of the above. - -E. None of the above What is the difference between a single-pass transmembrane protein and a 7-pass transmembrane protein? - -Because the inside of the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane is hydrophobic, this one hydrophobic peak indicates the glycophorin only cross the phospholipid bilayer once, and thus a single pass protein. Multi pass proteins cross the plasma membrane multiple times. A single pass trans-membrane protein that is an alpha helix can make a channel. - FALSE Cholesterol is _____ to have in biological membranes. - -Good Explain the evolutionary origin of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and vesicles. - -The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a key role in the modification of proteins and the synthesis of lipids. The Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and vesicles all evolved from the endomembrane system which is when the cells surface became flexible many millions of ye